bruka
See also: brúka
Albanian
editNoun
editbruka
Lithuanian
editPronunciation
editVerb
editbrùka
Lower Sorbian
editPronunciation
editNoun
editbruka
- genitive singular of bruk
- accusative singular of bruk
- nominative dual of bruk
Norwegian Bokmål
editAlternative forms
editNoun
editbruka n
Norwegian Nynorsk
editEtymology 1
editPronunciation
editNoun
editbruka n
Etymology 2
editFrom Middle Low German bruken.
Alternative forms
editPronunciation
editVerb
editbruka (present tense brukar/bruker, past tense bruka/brukte, past participle bruka/brukt, passive infinitive brukast, present participle brukande, imperative bruka/bruk)
- to use
Synonyms
editDerived terms
editReferences
edit- “bruka” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old Frisian
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-West Germanic *brūkan.
Verb
editbrūka
- to use
Inflection
editConjugation of brūka (strong class 2)
infinitive | brūka | |
---|---|---|
indicative | present | past |
1st person singular | brūke | brāk |
2nd person singular | brūkest, brūkst | brākest, brākst |
3rd person singular | brūketh, brūkth | brāk |
plural | brūkath | breken |
subjunctive | present | past |
singular | brūke | breke |
plural | brūke, brūken | breke, breken |
imperative | present | |
singular | brūk | |
plural | brūketh | |
participle | present | past |
brūkande | ebreken, breken |
Descendants
editPolish
editPronunciation
editVerb
editbruka
Serbo-Croatian
editPronunciation
editNoun
editbrȕka f (Cyrillic spelling бру̏ка)
Declension
editDeclension of bruka
Related terms
editSwedish
editEtymology
editFrom Middle Low German bruken, from Old Saxon brukan.
Pronunciation
editAudio: (file)
Verb
editbruka (present brukar, preterite brukade, supine brukat, imperative bruka)
- (auxiliary) to use to (present tense of used to); to be in the habit of
- Han brukade segla runt sjön på somrarna
- He used to sail around the lake in the summer
- Han brukar äta majs
- He often / regularly eats corn
- Hon brukar beställa en hamburgare när hon besöker restaurangen
- She usually orders a hamburger when she visits the restaurant [like "She used to order a hamburger when she visited the restaurant," but in the present tense]
- to use (for some purpose)
- verktyg som brukas för att forma trä
- tools used [that are used] to shape wood
- ett verktyg som kan brukas som vapen
- a tool that can be used as a weapon
- Metoden brukas som en sista utväg
- The method is used / employed as a last resort
- bruka våld
- use violence (idiomatic)
- Bruka ditt förnuft!
- Use your good sense!
Usage notes
edit- Like English used to in (sense 1), but as natural-sounding in the present tense as in the past tense.
- "Bruka" in (sense 2) has connotations similar to "make use of for some purpose." Outside idiomatic cases like cultivation, it can otherwise be used interchangeably with "använda," which is the more general and common word for "use."
Conjugation
editConjugation of bruka (weak)
Active | Passive | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | bruka | brukas | ||
Supine | brukat | brukats | ||
Imperative | bruka | — | ||
Imper. plural1 | bruken | — | ||
Present | Past | Present | Past | |
Indicative | brukar | brukade | brukas | brukades |
Ind. plural1 | bruka | brukade | brukas | brukades |
Subjunctive2 | bruke | brukade | brukes | brukades |
Participles | ||||
Present participle | brukande | |||
Past participle | brukad | |||
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs. |
Related terms
editDescendants
edit- → Finnish: ruukata
See also
editReferences
edit- bruka in Svensk ordbok (SO)
- bruka in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
- bruka in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
Anagrams
editCategories:
- Albanian non-lemma forms
- Albanian noun forms
- Lithuanian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Lithuanian non-lemma forms
- Lithuanian verb forms
- Lower Sorbian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Lower Sorbian non-lemma forms
- Lower Sorbian noun forms
- Norwegian Bokmål non-lemma forms
- Norwegian Bokmål noun forms
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms with IPA pronunciation
- Norwegian Nynorsk non-lemma forms
- Norwegian Nynorsk noun forms
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰruHg-
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Middle Low German
- Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas
- Norwegian Nynorsk verbs
- Norwegian Nynorsk weak verbs
- Old Frisian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Frisian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰruHg-
- Old Frisian terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old Frisian terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old Frisian terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Old Frisian terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Old Frisian lemmas
- Old Frisian verbs
- Old Frisian class 2 strong verbs
- Polish 2-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Polish/uka
- Rhymes:Polish/uka/2 syllables
- Polish non-lemma forms
- Polish verb forms
- Serbo-Croatian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Serbo-Croatian lemmas
- Serbo-Croatian nouns
- Serbo-Croatian feminine nouns
- Serbo-Croatian informal terms
- Serbo-Croatian slang
- Swedish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Swedish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰruHg-
- Swedish terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Swedish terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Swedish terms derived from Middle Low German
- Swedish terms derived from Old Saxon
- Swedish terms with audio pronunciation
- Swedish lemmas
- Swedish verbs
- Swedish auxiliary verbs
- Swedish terms with usage examples
- Swedish weak verbs