Wiktionary

brun

See also: Brun, brún, brün, and brůn

Danish

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /bʁuːˀn/, [b̥ʁuˀn], [b̥ʁo̝ˀn], [pʁuˀn], [pʁo̝ˀn]

Etymology 1

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From Old Norse brúnn.

Adjective

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brun

  1. brown (color/colour)
  2. (as a noun) brown (color/colour)
Inflection
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Inflection of brun
positive comparative superlative
indefinite common singular brun brunere brunest2
indefinite neuter singular brunt brunere brunest2
plural brune brunere brunest2
definite attributive1 brune brunere bruneste

1 When an adjective is applied predicatively to something definite,
the corresponding "indefinite" form is used.
2 The "indefinite" superlatives may not be used attributively.

Derived terms
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See also
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Colors in Danish · farver (layout · text)
     hvid      grå      sort
             rød; højrød              orange; brun              gul; flødefarvet
             lime              grøn             
             cyan; turkis              azurblå              blå
             violet; indigo              magenta; lilla              lyserød

Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

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brun

  1. imperative of brune

References

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Dutch Low Saxon

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Pronunciation

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Adjective

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brun

  1. Alternative spelling of bruun

French

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Etymology

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From Middle French, from Old French brun (“polished, shiny, brown”).

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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brun (feminine brune, masculine plural bruns, feminine plural brunes)

  1. brown (color/colour)

Usage notes

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  • In France, this is usually for hair, using marron for other uses.

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • → Breton: brun
  • Louisiana Creole: brun
  • → Romanian: brun

Noun

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brun m (plural bruns, feminine brune)

  1. brown (color/colour)
  2. brown-haired person

See also

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See also

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Colors in French · couleurs (layout · text)
     blanc      gris      noir
             rouge; cramoisi, carmin              orange; brun, marron              jaune; crème
             lime              vert              menthe
             cyan, turquoise; bleu canard              azur, bleu ciel              bleu
             violet, lilas; indigo              magenta; pourpre              rose

Further reading

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Galician

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Etymology

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From Old Galician-Portuguese brũu (14th century), from Old French brun (“polished, shiny, brown”).

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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brun (feminine bruna, masculine plural bruns, feminine plural brunas)

  1. (archaic, of hair) brown
    • 1390, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Os Miragres de Santiago. Versión gallega del Códice latino del siglo XII atribuido al papa Calisto I, Madrid: C.S.I.C., page 133:
      Rey Calrros auia os cabelos brũus et a façe uermella, et avia o corpo moy bẽ feicto et de boo estado, et a catadura braua
      King Charles had brown hair and a reddish face, and his body was very well formed and in good shape, and his aspect was fierce
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References

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German Low German

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Pronunciation

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Adjective

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brun

  1. Alternative spelling of bruun

Icelandic

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Etymology

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See the verb bruna (“to speed, rush”).

Noun

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brun n (genitive singular bruns, no plural)

  1. rush (the act of moving at high speed)
  2. (skiing) alpine skiing

Declension

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Declension of brun (sg-only neuter)
singular
indefinite definite
nominative brun brunið
accusative brun brunið
dative bruni bruninu
genitive bruns brunsins

Further reading

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Interlingua

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Adjective

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brun

  1. brown (color/colour)

See also

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Colors in Interlingua · colores (layout · text)
     blanc, albe      gris      nigre
             rubie              orange; brun              jalne; crema
             verde lima              verde              verde mentha, acquamarine
             cyano              azure              blau
             violette; indigo              magenta; purpure              rosate

Louisiana Creole

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Etymology

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Inherited from French brun (“brown”).

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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brun

  1. brown (color/colour)
    Synonym: maron

See also

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Colors in Louisiana Creole · koulær-yé (layout · text)
     blan      gri      nwa, nwar
             rouj              zoranj; brun, maron              jonn, jònn
                          vè, vèr, vær, væt              vè fonsé
             sèrsèl                           blé, ble
             vyolé, vyolèt              lila              ròz, roz

Norman

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Old French brun (“polished, shiny, brown”).

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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brun m

  1. (Jersey) brown (color/colour)

Norwegian Bokmål

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Norwegian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia no

Etymology

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From Old Norse brúnn.

Adjective

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brun (masculine and feminine brun, neuter brunt, definite singular and plural brune, comparative brunere, indefinite superlative brunest, definite superlative bruneste)

  1. brown (color/colour)

Derived terms

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See also

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Colors in Norwegian Bokmål · farger (layout · text)
     hvit      grå      svart
             rød; karmosin              oransje; brun              gul; kremfarge
             limegrønn              grønn             
             cyan              asur              blå
             fiolett; indigo              magenta; lilla              rosa

References

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Norwegian Nynorsk

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Norwegian Nynorsk Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nn

Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Old Norse brúnn.

Adjective

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brun (neuter brunt, definite singular and plural brune, comparative brunare, indefinite superlative brunast, definite superlative brunaste)

  1. brown (color/colour)

Derived terms

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See also

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Colors in Norwegian Nynorsk · fargar (layout · text)
     kvit      grå      svart
             raud              oransje; brun              gul
                          grøn             
             (turkis)                           blå
                          rosa; lilla              rosa

References

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Old English

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Etymology

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From Proto-West Germanic *brūn.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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brūn

  1. brown (color/colour)

Declension

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Declension of brūn — Strong
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative brūn brūn brūn
Accusative brūnne brūne brūn
Genitive brūnes brūnre brūnes
Dative brūnum brūnre brūnum
Instrumental brūne brūnre brūne
Plural Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative brūne brūna, brūne brūn
Accusative brūne brūna, brūne brūn
Genitive brūnra brūnra brūnra
Dative brūnum brūnum brūnum
Instrumental brūnum brūnum brūnum
Declension of brūn — Weak
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative brūna brūne brūne
Accusative brūnan brūnan brūne
Genitive brūnan brūnan brūnan
Dative brūnan brūnan brūnan
Instrumental brūnan brūnan brūnan
Plural Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative brūnan brūnan brūnan
Accusative brūnan brūnan brūnan
Genitive brūnra, brūnena brūnra, brūnena brūnra, brūnena
Dative brūnum brūnum brūnum
Instrumental brūnum brūnum brūnum

Descendants

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See also

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Colors in Old English · dēage (layout · text)
     hwīt      grǣġ      blæc, sweart
             rēad; basu              ġeolurēad; brūn              ġeolu
                          grēne             
                          blāw              blāw
                          purpuren             

Old French

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Etymology

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From Late Latin brunus (attested in Isidore of Seville), from Frankish *brūn (“brown, dark, shiny”), from Proto-Germanic *brūnaz (“brown”).

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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brun m (oblique and nominative feminine singular brune)

  1. brown (color/colour)

Declension

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Case masculine feminine neuter
singular subject bruns brune brun
oblique brun brune brun
plural subject brun brunes brun
oblique bruns brunes brun

Descendants

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Noun

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brun oblique singular, m (oblique plural bruns, nominative singular bruns, nominative plural brun)

  1. brown-haired person

Declension

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Case masculine feminine
singular subject bruns brune
oblique brun brune
plural subject brun brunes
oblique bruns brunes

Plautdietsch

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Etymology

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From Middle Low German brûn, from Old Saxon brūn, from Proto-West Germanic *brūn.

Adjective

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brun

  1. brown (color/colour)

Romanian

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Etymology

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Borrowed from French brun.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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brun m or n (feminine singular brună, masculine plural bruni, feminine and neuter plural brune)

  1. brown (color/colour)
  2. brown- or dark-haired

Declension

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singular plural
masculine neuter feminine masculine neuter feminine
nominative-
accusative 		indefinite brun brună bruni brune
definite brunul bruna brunii brunele
genitive-
dative 		indefinite brun brune bruni brune
definite brunului brunei brunelor brunilor

See also

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Colors in Romanian · culori (layout · text)
     alb      gri      negru
             roșu; carmin              portocaliu; maro              galben; crem
                          verde              verde mentă
             cyan              bleu              albastru
             violet; indigo              mov; purpură              roz

Swedish

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Swedish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sv

Etymology

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From Old Swedish brūn, from Old Norse brúnn. The political sense is originally a reference to the brown uniforms worn by members of the Sturmabteilung, a paramilitary organization in Nazi Germany.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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brun (comparative brunare, superlative brunast)

  1. brown (color/colour)
  2. (politics, usually derogatory, relational) of fascism or right-wing nationalism
    ett brunt parti ― a fascist party (literally, “a brown party”)
    • 2010, Lars Ulwencreutz, Redaktör'n har ordet‎[1], Ulwencreutz Media, →ISBN, page 186:
      Bondeförbundet (Centerpartiet) var en gång ett mycket "brunt parti", bruna sympatier fanns även hos gamla Högerpartiet (Moderaterna). Kristen Demokratisk Samling (Kristdemokraterna) grundades till och med av gamla nationalsocialister.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
    • 2011, Mattias Gardell, Islamofobi [Islamophobia]‎[2], Leopard förlag, →ISBN, page 254:
      De bruna valframgångarna är en indikator på hur det politiska spektrumet i sig har vridits mot en kulturisering av politiken där politiker utger sig för att slå vakt om västerländska, Europeiska[sic] och nationella värden mot det föreställda hotet från islam och muslimer[...]
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
    • 2021 December 2, P-A Hultman, “Hur bruna är Sverigedemokraterna?”, in Strömstads Tidning‎[3]:
      Detta visar att nazismen och SD har samma tankar och idéer. Det finns således bevis för att ”brunt parti” stämmer väl överens med kända fakta om SD.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
    • 2023 January 27, “C måste göra upp med sitt bruna förflutna”, in Eskilstuna-Kuriren‎[4]:
      Under första halvan av 1900-talet hade Bondeförbundet, 1957 namnändrat till Centerpartiet (C), en mycket brun politik. Kanske var den brunare än den hos (S), men om detta vet vi inte då många dokument fortfarande är hemligstämplade?
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Declension

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Inflection of brun
Indefinite positive comparative superlative1
common singular brun brunare brunast
neuter singular brunt brunare brunast
plural bruna brunare brunast
masculine plural2 brune brunare brunast
Definite positive comparative superlative
masculine singular3 brune brunare brunaste
all bruna brunare brunaste

1 The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative.
2 Dated or archaic.
3 Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.

Derived terms

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Descendants

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See also

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Colors in Swedish · färger (layout · text)
     vit      grå      svart
             röd; karmosin, karmosinröd              orange; brun              gul; beige
             limegrön              grön             
             cyan (rare) turkos (common); teal              azur              blå
             lila; indigo              magenta; purpur              rosa (common), skär (uncommon)

References

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Further reading

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Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=brun&oldid=82942729"
  NODES
eth 1
see 23