chier
See also: chièr
French
editEtymology
editInherited from Middle French chier, from Old French, inherited from Latin cacāre, ultimately from a Proto-Indo-European root *kakka-. Doublet of caguer.
Pronunciation
editVerb
editchier
Conjugation
editConjugation of chier (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive | simple | chier | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | chiant /ʃjɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | chié /ʃje/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | chie /ʃi/ |
chies /ʃi/ |
chie /ʃi/ |
chions /ʃjɔ̃/ |
chiez /ʃje/ |
chient /ʃi/ |
imperfect | chiais /ʃjɛ/ |
chiais /ʃjɛ/ |
chiait /ʃjɛ/ |
chiions /ʃi.jɔ̃/ |
chiiez /ʃi.je/ |
chiaient /ʃjɛ/ | |
past historic2 | chiai /ʃje/ |
chias /ʃja/ |
chia /ʃja/ |
chiâmes /ʃjam/ |
chiâtes /ʃjat/ |
chièrent /ʃjɛʁ/ | |
future | chierai /ʃi.ʁe/ |
chieras /ʃi.ʁa/ |
chiera /ʃi.ʁa/ |
chierons /ʃi.ʁɔ̃/ |
chierez /ʃi.ʁe/ |
chieront /ʃi.ʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | chierais /ʃi.ʁɛ/ |
chierais /ʃi.ʁɛ/ |
chierait /ʃi.ʁɛ/ |
chierions /ʃi.ʁjɔ̃/ |
chieriez /ʃi.ʁje/ |
chieraient /ʃi.ʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | chie /ʃi/ |
chies /ʃi/ |
chie /ʃi/ |
chiions /ʃi.jɔ̃/ |
chiiez /ʃi.je/ |
chient /ʃi/ |
imperfect2 | chiasse /ʃjas/ |
chiasses /ʃjas/ |
chiât /ʃja/ |
chiassions /ʃja.sjɔ̃/ |
chiassiez /ʃja.sje/ |
chiassent /ʃjas/ | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | chie /ʃi/ |
— | chions /ʃjɔ̃/ |
chiez /ʃje/ |
— | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Derived terms
edit- à chier
- chier dans son froc
- en chier
- chiant
- chiasse
- chiée
- chierie
- chiotte
- chiure
- conchier
- envoyer chier
- faire chier
- se faire chier
- va chier
See also
edit- merde f
Further reading
edit- “chier”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams
editMiddle English
editNoun
editchier
- Alternative form of chayer
Middle French
editEtymology
editFrom Old French chier.
Adjective
editchier m (feminine singular chiere, masculine plural chiers, feminine plural chieres)
Related terms
editDescendants
edit- French: cher
References
edit- chier on Dictionnaire du Moyen Français (1330–1500) (in French)
Old French
editEtymology
editAdjective
editchier m (oblique and nominative feminine singular chiere)
- important, noteworthy
- dear, dearest
- 12th or 13th century, author unknown, Le Bouchier D'Abevile:
- A Abevile ot un bouchier,
Que si voison orent molt chier.- In Abbeville there was a butcher
Held in high esteem by his neighbors.
- In Abbeville there was a butcher
- expensive; costly
- c. 1170, Wace, Le Roman de Rou:
- Itant out li Quens un present
D'une cupe chiere d'argent- At this moment he presented the Count
With a valuable silver cup
- At this moment he presented the Count
- 1260–1267, Brunetto Latini, “Cist premiers livres parole de la naissance de toutes choses [This first book talks about the birth of all things]” (chapter 1), Livre I - Premiere partie, in Livres dou Tresor [Book of Treasures]; republished as Polycarpe Chabaille, compiler, Li livres dou tresor par Brunetto Latini[1], Paris: Imprimerie impériale, 1863, page 1:
- si come li sires qui vuet en petit leu amasser choses de grandisme vaillance […] por acroistre son pooir […] i met il les plus chieres choses et les plus precieux joiaus que il puet, selonc sa bone entencion, tout autressi est li cors de cest livre compilez de sapience
- Just like the lord, who wishes to accumulate very valuable things in a tiny place […] in order to increase his power, […] puts there—according to his good intention—the most valuable things and the most precious jewels he can, so the body of this book is filled with knowledge
Declension
editCase | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
---|---|---|---|---|
singular | subject | chiers | chiere | chier |
oblique | chier | |||
plural | subject | chier | chieres | |
oblique | chiers |
Related terms
editDescendants
editCategories:
- French terms inherited from Middle French
- French terms derived from Middle French
- French terms inherited from Old French
- French terms derived from Old French
- French terms inherited from Latin
- French terms derived from Latin
- French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- French doublets
- French 1-syllable words
- French 2-syllable words
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French terms with audio pronunciation
- French lemmas
- French verbs
- French vulgarities
- French verbs with conjugation -er
- French first group verbs
- fr:Feces
- Middle English lemmas
- Middle English nouns
- Middle French terms inherited from Old French
- Middle French terms derived from Old French
- Middle French lemmas
- Middle French adjectives
- Old French terms inherited from Latin
- Old French terms derived from Latin
- Old French lemmas
- Old French adjectives
- Old French terms with quotations