croft
English
editPronunciation
edit- (Received Pronunciation) enPR: krŏft, IPA(key): /kɹɒft/
Audio (UK): (file) - (General American) enPR: krôft, IPA(key): /kɹɔft/
- (cot–caught merger) enPR: krŏft, IPA(key): /kɹɑft/
- Rhymes: -ɒft
Etymology 1
editThe noun is derived from Middle English croft, crofft, croffte, croofte, crofte (“croft”),[1] from Old English croft (“enclosed field”); further etymology uncertain,[2][3] but possibly from Proto-Germanic *kruftaz (“a hill; a curve”), from Proto-Indo-European *grewb- (“to bend; arch, crook, curve”); see also crop. The English word is cognate with Middle Dutch kroft, krocht, crocht (“high and dry land; a field on the downs”), Middle Low German kroch (“enclosed piece of farmland or pasture”), Scots croft, craft (“croft”).[2]
The verb is derived from the noun.[4]
Noun
editcroft (plural crofts)
- An enclosed piece of land, usually small and arable and used for small-scale food production, and often with a dwelling next to it; in particular, such a piece of land rented to a farmer (a crofter), especially in Scotland, together with a right to use separate pastureland shared by other crofters.
- Synonym: quillet
- 1530: Sir John Campbell of Glenurchy (in a lease to his "weil belouit" servant John M'Conoquhy V'Gregour)
- ...to haue set and for malis and service...the four markland of Kincrakin...with the croft of Polgreyich and the croft that Ewin M'Ewin was wount to haue...
- 1819 September 19, John Keats, “To Autumn”, in Lamia, Isabella, the Eve of St. Agnes, and Other Poems, London: […] [Thomas Davison] for Taylor and Hessey, […], published 1820, →OCLC, stanza 3, page 139:
- Hedge-crickets sing; and now with treble soft / The red-breast whistles from a garden-croft; / And gathering swallows twitter in the skies.
Derived terms
editTranslations
edit
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Verb
editcroft (third-person singular simple present crofts, present participle crofting, simple past and past participle crofted)
- (intransitive) To do agricultural work on one or more crofts.
- (transitive, archaic) To place (cloth, etc.) on the ground in the open air in order to sun and bleach it.
Derived terms
editTranslations
editEtymology 2
editFrom Middle English croft, crofte, croufte, crufte (“crypt; vault”), from Old English cruft,[5] from Latin crupta, crypta (“crypt; vault”),[6] from Ancient Greek κρυπτή (kruptḗ), feminine form of κρῠπτός (kruptós, “concealed, hidden; secret”), from κρύπτω (krúptō, “to conceal, hide; to obscure”) (further etymology unknown) + -ος (-os). The English word is cognate with Middle Dutch croft, crocht, crochte, crogt, cruft, crufte (modern Dutch krocht (“underground cavity, cave; underground vault, crypt”)), Middle Low German krucht, kruft (“crypt”), Old High German cruft (Middle High German kruft (“cave; crypt”)).[5] Doublet of grotto and crypt.
Noun
editcroft (plural crofts) (archaic)
- An underground chamber; a crypt, an undercroft.
- A cave or cavern.
Derived terms
editTranslations
editEtymology 3
editNoun
editcroft (plural crofts)
References
edit- ^ “croft, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 16 August 2019.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 “croft, n.1”, in OED Online , Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1893.
- ^ “croft, n.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
- ^ “croft, v.”, in OED Online , Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1893; “croft, v.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 “croft, n.2”, in OED Online , Oxford: Oxford University Press, June 2011.
- ^ “crufte, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 16 August 2019.
- ^ “croft, n.3”, in OED Online , Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1893.
Further reading
edit- croft (land) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- croft (disambiguation) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- “croft”, in The Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries, 2004–present, →OCLC.
Anagrams
editMiddle English
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editFrom Old English croft, possibly from Proto-Germanic *kruftaz, from Proto-Indo-European *grewb- (“to curve, bend, crawl”), from *ger- (“to turn, wind”).[1]
Pronunciation
editNoun
editcroft (plural croftes)
Descendants
editReferences
edit- “croft, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
- ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “385-90”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 385-90
Old English
editPronunciation
editNoun
editcroft m
Descendants
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- ang:Agriculture