doairbir

Old Irish

FWOTD – 22 February 2020

Etymology

From to- +‎ ar- +‎ beirid.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [doˈharʲβʲirʲ]

Verb

do·airbir (prototonic ·tairbir, verbal noun terbirt) (transitive, attested mostly in the passive)

1. to bend
2. to subdue, to (cause to) bow down
   • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 22^c10

     Is bés trá dosom anísiu cosc inna mban i tossug et a tabairt fo chumacte a feir, armbat irlamu de ind ḟir fo chumacte Dǽi, co·mbí íarum coscitir ind ḟir et do·airbertar fo réir Dǽ.

     This, then, is a custom of his, to correct the wives at first and to bring them under the power of their husbands, so that the husbands may be the readier under God’s power, so that afterwards the husbands are corrected and bowed down in subjection to God.

   • c. 760 Blathmac mac Con Brettan, published in "A study of the lexicon of the poems of Blathmac Son of Cú Brettan" (2017; PhD thesis, National University of Ireland Maynooth), edited and with translations by Siobhán Barrett, stanza 166

     Is é dod·n-árbart – scél caín – íarum fo láma Ioäin condon·forgaib – glése glan – di phecad ar senathar.

     It is he who lowered himself (fair tidings) thereafter under the hands of John, so that he has seized us — pure brightness — from the sin of our ancestors.

   • c. 808, Félire Oengusso, Epilogue, page 267; republished as Whitley Stokes, transl., Félire Óengusso Céli Dé: The Martyrology of Oengus the Culdee, Harrison & Sons, 1905:

     Dom·rairbera m'aite co Crist,

     May my teacher subdue me under Christ...

3. to yield, to surrender

Inflection

Complex, class B I present, t preterite, é future, a subjunctive

		1st sg.	2nd sg.	3rd sg.	1st pl.	2nd pl.	3rd pl.	Passive sg.	Passive pl.
Present indicative	Deut.			do·airbir				du·erbarar	do·airbertar
	Prot.			·tairbir				·tarberar
Imperfect indicative	Deut.
	Prot.
Preterite	Deut.			dod·nárbart (relative with infixed pronoun d-)					du·arbartha
	Prot.			·torpart
Perfect	Deut.			do·rairbert
	Prot.
Future	Deut.
	Prot.
Conditional	Deut.
	Prot.
Present subjunctive	Deut.			dom·rairbera (ro-form with infixed pronoun m-)				du·erberthar
	Prot.
Past subjunctive	Deut.
	Prot.
Imperative									tairbertar
Verbal noun		terbirt
Past participle		tairberthae, tairbirthe
Verbal of necessity

Descendants

• Middle Irish: tairbrid
  • Irish: toirbhir

Mutation

Mutation of doairbir

radical	lenition	nasalization
do·airbir (pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments)	unchanged	do·n-airbir

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “do·airbir”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Pedersen, Holger (1913) Vergleichende Grammatik der keltischen Sprachen [Comparative Grammar of the Celtic Languages] (in German), volume II, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht, →ISBN, page 465