Tone L
|
Infinitive
|
ukudoda
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
Infinitive
|
ukudoda
|
ukungadodi
|
|
Imperative
|
|
Simple
|
+ object concord
|
Singular
|
doda
|
-dode
|
Plural
|
dodani
|
-dodeni
|
|
Present
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyadoda, ngidoda
|
engidodayo, engidoda
|
ngidoda
|
angidodi
|
engingadodi
|
ngingadodi
|
2nd singular
|
uyadoda, udoda
|
ododayo, ododa
|
udoda
|
awudodi
|
ongadodi
|
ungadodi
|
1st plural
|
siyadoda, sidoda
|
esidodayo, esidoda
|
sidoda
|
asidodi
|
esingadodi
|
singadodi
|
2nd plural
|
niyadoda, nidoda
|
enidodayo, enidoda
|
nidoda
|
anidodi
|
eningadodi
|
ningadodi
|
Class 1
|
uyadoda, udoda
|
ododayo, ododa
|
edoda
|
akadodi
|
ongadodi
|
engadodi
|
Class 2
|
bayadoda, badoda
|
abadodayo, abadoda
|
bedoda
|
abadodi
|
abangadodi
|
bengadodi
|
Class 3
|
uyadoda, udoda
|
ododayo, ododa
|
udoda
|
awudodi
|
ongadodi
|
ungadodi
|
Class 4
|
iyadoda, idoda
|
edodayo, edoda
|
idoda
|
ayidodi
|
engadodi
|
ingadodi
|
Class 5
|
liyadoda, lidoda
|
elidodayo, elidoda
|
lidoda
|
alidodi
|
elingadodi
|
lingadodi
|
Class 6
|
ayadoda, adoda
|
adodayo, adoda
|
edoda
|
awadodi
|
angadodi
|
engadodi
|
Class 7
|
siyadoda, sidoda
|
esidodayo, esidoda
|
sidoda
|
asidodi
|
esingadodi
|
singadodi
|
Class 8
|
ziyadoda, zidoda
|
ezidodayo, ezidoda
|
zidoda
|
azidodi
|
ezingadodi
|
zingadodi
|
Class 9
|
iyadoda, idoda
|
edodayo, edoda
|
idoda
|
ayidodi
|
engadodi
|
ingadodi
|
Class 10
|
ziyadoda, zidoda
|
ezidodayo, ezidoda
|
zidoda
|
azidodi
|
ezingadodi
|
zingadodi
|
Class 11
|
luyadoda, ludoda
|
oludodayo, oludoda
|
ludoda
|
aludodi
|
olungadodi
|
lungadodi
|
Class 14
|
buyadoda, budoda
|
obudodayo, obudoda
|
budoda
|
abudodi
|
obungadodi
|
bungadodi
|
Class 15
|
kuyadoda, kudoda
|
okudodayo, okudoda
|
kudoda
|
akudodi
|
okungadodi
|
kungadodi
|
Class 17
|
kuyadoda, kudoda
|
okudodayo, okudoda
|
kudoda
|
akudodi
|
okungadodi
|
kungadodi
|
|
Recent past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngidodile, ngidodē
|
engidodile, engidodē
|
ngidodile, ngidodē
|
angidodanga
|
engingadodanga
|
ngingadodanga
|
2nd singular
|
udodile, udodē
|
ododile, ododē
|
udodile, udodē
|
awudodanga
|
ongadodanga
|
ungadodanga
|
1st plural
|
sidodile, sidodē
|
esidodile, esidodē
|
sidodile, sidodē
|
asidodanga
|
esingadodanga
|
singadodanga
|
2nd plural
|
nidodile, nidodē
|
enidodile, enidodē
|
nidodile, nidodē
|
anidodanga
|
eningadodanga
|
ningadodanga
|
Class 1
|
udodile, udodē
|
ododile, ododē
|
edodile, edodē
|
akadodanga
|
ongadodanga
|
engadodanga
|
Class 2
|
badodile, badodē
|
abadodile, abadodē
|
bedodile, bedodē
|
abadodanga
|
abangadodanga
|
bengadodanga
|
Class 3
|
udodile, udodē
|
ododile, ododē
|
udodile, udodē
|
awudodanga
|
ongadodanga
|
ungadodanga
|
Class 4
|
idodile, idodē
|
edodile, edodē
|
idodile, idodē
|
ayidodanga
|
engadodanga
|
ingadodanga
|
Class 5
|
lidodile, lidodē
|
elidodile, elidodē
|
lidodile, lidodē
|
alidodanga
|
elingadodanga
|
lingadodanga
|
Class 6
|
adodile, adodē
|
adodile, adodē
|
edodile, edodē
|
awadodanga
|
angadodanga
|
engadodanga
|
Class 7
|
sidodile, sidodē
|
esidodile, esidodē
|
sidodile, sidodē
|
asidodanga
|
esingadodanga
|
singadodanga
|
Class 8
|
zidodile, zidodē
|
ezidodile, ezidodē
|
zidodile, zidodē
|
azidodanga
|
ezingadodanga
|
zingadodanga
|
Class 9
|
idodile, idodē
|
edodile, edodē
|
idodile, idodē
|
ayidodanga
|
engadodanga
|
ingadodanga
|
Class 10
|
zidodile, zidodē
|
ezidodile, ezidodē
|
zidodile, zidodē
|
azidodanga
|
ezingadodanga
|
zingadodanga
|
Class 11
|
ludodile, ludodē
|
oludodile, oludodē
|
ludodile, ludodē
|
aludodanga
|
olungadodanga
|
lungadodanga
|
Class 14
|
budodile, budodē
|
obudodile, obudodē
|
budodile, budodē
|
abudodanga
|
obungadodanga
|
bungadodanga
|
Class 15
|
kudodile, kudodē
|
okudodile, okudodē
|
kudodile, kudodē
|
akudodanga
|
okungadodanga
|
kungadodanga
|
Class 17
|
kudodile, kudodē
|
okudodile, okudodē
|
kudodile, kudodē
|
akudodanga
|
okungadodanga
|
kungadodanga
|
|
Remote past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngādoda
|
engādoda
|
ngādoda
|
angidodanga
|
engingadodanga
|
ngingadodanga
|
2nd singular
|
wādoda
|
owādoda
|
wādoda
|
awudodanga
|
ongadodanga
|
ungadodanga
|
1st plural
|
sādoda
|
esādoda
|
sādoda
|
asidodanga
|
esingadodanga
|
singadodanga
|
2nd plural
|
nādoda
|
enādoda
|
nādoda
|
anidodanga
|
eningadodanga
|
ningadodanga
|
Class 1
|
wādoda
|
owādoda
|
ādoda
|
akadodanga
|
ongadodanga
|
engadodanga
|
Class 2
|
bādoda
|
abādoda
|
bādoda
|
abadodanga
|
abangadodanga
|
bengadodanga
|
Class 3
|
wādoda
|
owādoda
|
wādoda
|
awudodanga
|
ongadodanga
|
ungadodanga
|
Class 4
|
yādoda
|
eyādoda
|
yādoda
|
ayidodanga
|
engadodanga
|
ingadodanga
|
Class 5
|
lādoda
|
elādoda
|
lādoda
|
alidodanga
|
elingadodanga
|
lingadodanga
|
Class 6
|
ādoda
|
ādoda
|
ādoda
|
awadodanga
|
angadodanga
|
engadodanga
|
Class 7
|
sādoda
|
esādoda
|
sādoda
|
asidodanga
|
esingadodanga
|
singadodanga
|
Class 8
|
zādoda
|
ezādoda
|
zādoda
|
azidodanga
|
ezingadodanga
|
zingadodanga
|
Class 9
|
yādoda
|
eyādoda
|
yādoda
|
ayidodanga
|
engadodanga
|
ingadodanga
|
Class 10
|
zādoda
|
ezādoda
|
zādoda
|
azidodanga
|
ezingadodanga
|
zingadodanga
|
Class 11
|
lwādoda
|
olwādoda
|
lwādoda
|
aludodanga
|
olungadodanga
|
lungadodanga
|
Class 14
|
bādoda
|
obādoda
|
bādoda
|
abudodanga
|
obungadodanga
|
bungadodanga
|
Class 15
|
kwādoda
|
okwādoda
|
kwādoda
|
akudodanga
|
okungadodanga
|
kungadodanga
|
Class 17
|
kwādoda
|
okwādoda
|
kwādoda
|
akudodanga
|
okungadodanga
|
kungadodanga
|
|
Potential
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngingadoda
|
—
|
ngingadoda
|
ngingedode
|
—
|
ngingedode
|
2nd singular
|
ungadoda
|
—
|
ungadoda
|
ungedode
|
—
|
ungedode
|
1st plural
|
singadoda
|
—
|
singadoda
|
singedode
|
—
|
singedode
|
2nd plural
|
ningadoda
|
—
|
ningadoda
|
ningedode
|
—
|
ningedode
|
Class 1
|
angadoda
|
—
|
engadoda
|
angedode
|
—
|
engedode
|
Class 2
|
bangadoda
|
—
|
bengadoda
|
bangedode
|
—
|
bengedode
|
Class 3
|
ungadoda
|
—
|
ungadoda
|
ungedode
|
—
|
ungedode
|
Class 4
|
ingadoda
|
—
|
ingadoda
|
ingedode
|
—
|
ingedode
|
Class 5
|
lingadoda
|
—
|
lingadoda
|
lingedode
|
—
|
lingedode
|
Class 6
|
angadoda
|
—
|
engadoda
|
angedode
|
—
|
engedode
|
Class 7
|
singadoda
|
—
|
singadoda
|
singedode
|
—
|
singedode
|
Class 8
|
zingadoda
|
—
|
zingadoda
|
zingedode
|
—
|
zingedode
|
Class 9
|
ingadoda
|
—
|
ingadoda
|
ingedode
|
—
|
ingedode
|
Class 10
|
zingadoda
|
—
|
zingadoda
|
zingedode
|
—
|
zingedode
|
Class 11
|
lungadoda
|
—
|
lungadoda
|
lungedode
|
—
|
lungedode
|
Class 14
|
bungadoda
|
—
|
bungadoda
|
bungedode
|
—
|
bungedode
|
Class 15
|
kungadoda
|
—
|
kungadoda
|
kungedode
|
—
|
kungedode
|
Class 17
|
kungadoda
|
—
|
kungadoda
|
kungedode
|
—
|
kungedode
|
|
Immediate future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngizododa
|
engizododa
|
ngizododa
|
angizudoda
|
engingezudoda
|
ngingezudoda
|
2nd singular
|
uzododa
|
ozododa
|
uzododa
|
awuzudoda
|
ongezudoda
|
ungezudoda
|
1st plural
|
sizododa
|
esizododa
|
sizododa
|
asizudoda
|
esingezudoda
|
singezudoda
|
2nd plural
|
nizododa
|
enizododa
|
nizododa
|
anizudoda
|
eningezudoda
|
ningezudoda
|
Class 1
|
uzododa
|
ozododa
|
ezododa
|
akazudoda
|
ongezudoda
|
engezudoda
|
Class 2
|
bazododa
|
abazododa
|
bezododa
|
abazudoda
|
abangezudoda
|
bengezudoda
|
Class 3
|
uzododa
|
ozododa
|
uzododa
|
awuzudoda
|
ongezudoda
|
ungezudoda
|
Class 4
|
izododa
|
ezododa
|
izododa
|
ayizudoda
|
engezudoda
|
ingezudoda
|
Class 5
|
lizododa
|
elizododa
|
lizododa
|
alizudoda
|
elingezudoda
|
lingezudoda
|
Class 6
|
azododa
|
azododa
|
ezododa
|
awazudoda
|
angezudoda
|
engezudoda
|
Class 7
|
sizododa
|
esizododa
|
sizododa
|
asizudoda
|
esingezudoda
|
singezudoda
|
Class 8
|
zizododa
|
ezizododa
|
zizododa
|
azizudoda
|
ezingezudoda
|
zingezudoda
|
Class 9
|
izododa
|
ezododa
|
izododa
|
ayizudoda
|
engezudoda
|
ingezudoda
|
Class 10
|
zizododa
|
ezizododa
|
zizododa
|
azizudoda
|
ezingezudoda
|
zingezudoda
|
Class 11
|
luzododa
|
oluzododa
|
luzododa
|
aluzudoda
|
olungezudoda
|
lungezudoda
|
Class 14
|
buzododa
|
obuzododa
|
buzododa
|
abuzudoda
|
obungezudoda
|
bungezudoda
|
Class 15
|
kuzododa
|
okuzododa
|
kuzododa
|
akuzudoda
|
okungezudoda
|
kungezudoda
|
Class 17
|
kuzododa
|
okuzododa
|
kuzododa
|
akuzudoda
|
okungezudoda
|
kungezudoda
|
|
Remote future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyododa
|
engiyododa
|
ngiyododa
|
angiyudoda
|
engingeyudoda
|
ngingeyudoda
|
2nd singular
|
uyododa
|
oyododa
|
uyododa
|
awuyudoda
|
ongeyudoda
|
ungeyudoda
|
1st plural
|
siyododa
|
esiyododa
|
siyododa
|
asiyudoda
|
esingeyudoda
|
singeyudoda
|
2nd plural
|
niyododa
|
eniyododa
|
niyododa
|
aniyudoda
|
eningeyudoda
|
ningeyudoda
|
Class 1
|
uyododa
|
oyododa
|
eyododa
|
akayudoda
|
ongeyudoda
|
engeyudoda
|
Class 2
|
bayododa
|
abayododa
|
beyododa
|
abayudoda
|
abangeyudoda
|
bengeyudoda
|
Class 3
|
uyododa
|
oyododa
|
uyododa
|
awuyudoda
|
ongeyudoda
|
ungeyudoda
|
Class 4
|
iyododa
|
eyododa
|
iyododa
|
ayiyudoda
|
engeyudoda
|
ingeyudoda
|
Class 5
|
liyododa
|
eliyododa
|
liyododa
|
aliyudoda
|
elingeyudoda
|
lingeyudoda
|
Class 6
|
ayododa
|
ayododa
|
eyododa
|
awayudoda
|
angeyudoda
|
engeyudoda
|
Class 7
|
siyododa
|
esiyododa
|
siyododa
|
asiyudoda
|
esingeyudoda
|
singeyudoda
|
Class 8
|
ziyododa
|
eziyododa
|
ziyododa
|
aziyudoda
|
ezingeyudoda
|
zingeyudoda
|
Class 9
|
iyododa
|
eyododa
|
iyododa
|
ayiyudoda
|
engeyudoda
|
ingeyudoda
|
Class 10
|
ziyododa
|
eziyododa
|
ziyododa
|
aziyudoda
|
ezingeyudoda
|
zingeyudoda
|
Class 11
|
luyododa
|
oluyododa
|
luyododa
|
aluyudoda
|
olungeyudoda
|
lungeyudoda
|
Class 14
|
buyododa
|
obuyododa
|
buyododa
|
abuyudoda
|
obungeyudoda
|
bungeyudoda
|
Class 15
|
kuyododa
|
okuyododa
|
kuyododa
|
akuyudoda
|
okungeyudoda
|
kungeyudoda
|
Class 17
|
kuyododa
|
okuyododa
|
kuyododa
|
akuyudoda
|
okungeyudoda
|
kungeyudoda
|
|
Present subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngidode
|
ngingadodi
|
2nd singular
|
udode
|
ungadodi
|
1st plural
|
sidode
|
singadodi
|
2nd plural
|
nidode
|
ningadodi
|
Class 1
|
adode
|
angadodi
|
Class 2
|
badode
|
bangadodi
|
Class 3
|
udode
|
ungadodi
|
Class 4
|
idode
|
ingadodi
|
Class 5
|
lidode
|
lingadodi
|
Class 6
|
adode
|
angadodi
|
Class 7
|
sidode
|
singadodi
|
Class 8
|
zidode
|
zingadodi
|
Class 9
|
idode
|
ingadodi
|
Class 10
|
zidode
|
zingadodi
|
Class 11
|
ludode
|
lungadodi
|
Class 14
|
budode
|
bungadodi
|
Class 15
|
kudode
|
kungadodi
|
Class 17
|
kudode
|
kungadodi
|
|
Past subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngadoda
|
ngangadoda, angadoda, angangadoda
|
2nd singular
|
wadoda
|
wangadoda, awadoda, awangadoda
|
1st plural
|
sadoda
|
sangadoda, asadoda, asangadoda
|
2nd plural
|
nadoda
|
nangadoda, anadoda, anangadoda
|
Class 1
|
wadoda
|
wangadoda, akadoda, akangadoda
|
Class 2
|
badoda
|
bangadoda, abadoda, abangadoda
|
Class 3
|
wadoda
|
wangadoda, awadoda, awangadoda
|
Class 4
|
yadoda
|
yangadoda, ayadoda, ayangadoda
|
Class 5
|
ladoda
|
langadoda, aladoda, alangadoda
|
Class 6
|
adoda
|
angadoda, awadoda, awangadoda
|
Class 7
|
sadoda
|
sangadoda, asadoda, asangadoda
|
Class 8
|
zadoda
|
zangadoda, azadoda, azangadoda
|
Class 9
|
yadoda
|
yangadoda, ayadoda, ayangadoda
|
Class 10
|
zadoda
|
zangadoda, azadoda, azangadoda
|
Class 11
|
lwadoda
|
lwangadoda, alwadoda, alwangadoda
|
Class 14
|
badoda
|
bangadoda, abadoda, abangadoda
|
Class 15
|
kwadoda
|
kwangadoda, akwadoda, akwangadoda
|
Class 17
|
kwadoda
|
kwangadoda, akwadoda, akwangadoda
|