Wiktionary

dus

See also: Appendix:Variations of "dus"

Translingual

edit

Symbol

edit

dus

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Dumi.

See also

edit

Catalan

edit

Verb

edit

dus

  1. second-person singular present indicative of dur

Czech

edit

Pronunciation

edit

Verb

edit

dus

  1. second-person singular imperative of dusit

Danish

edit

Etymology

edit

From the pronoun du, under the influence of the obsolete verb duse (“to address informally”), which was borrowed from German duzen.

Pronunciation

edit

Adjective

edit

dus (uninflected)

  1. (largely historical) in a relationship that would warrant use of the informal du, as opposed to the formal De
  2. (by extension) familiar with
    • 2016, Gustav Wied, Livsens ondskab, Lindhardt og Ringhof, →ISBN:
      Men Landbruget? spurgte Degnen, der jo havde været Dus med Vorherre i femogtyve Aar, baade Hellig og Søgn og derfor tog ham med forholdsvis Ro
      But the farming? the deacon asked, who, as is known, has been intimate with our lord in twenty-five years, on the holidays as on the everydays, and who therefore took him with relative calm
    • 2016, Lars Daneskov, Far på færde, Politikens Forlag, →ISBN:
      Jeg kender mænd, der i perioder har kunnet samtlige tilbud i TV-Shop udenad og været dus med hovedpersonerne i enhver australsk sitcom sendt på en kabelkanal om natten.
      I know men who, in periods, have known all offers in TV-Shop by rote and been highly familiar with the protagonists in each Australian sitcom sent on a cable-channel in the night.
    • 1982, Det Danske bogmarked:
      De fleste af vore seriøse forlag er eller har været mere end dus med begrebet.
      Most of our serious publishers are or have been more than familiar with the concept.
    • 2011, Jesper Kaae, Gratis CMS med Joomla (2. udg), Libris Media A/S, →ISBN, page 81:
      Og faktisk skal du også helst være dus med et billedredigeringsprogram som f. eks. Photoshop.
      And in fact, you should, preferably, be familiar with an image editor like Photoshop.

Usage notes

edit

The formal De is all but abandoned outside of certain very impersonal contexts, and using du is never rude.

Adverb

edit

dus

  1. in the phrase drikke dus, "to introduce an informal relationship".

Coordinate terms

edit

Dutch

edit

Etymology

edit

From Middle Dutch dos, dus, from Old Dutch thus, from Proto-West Germanic *þus.

Pronunciation

edit
  • IPA(key): /dʏs/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: dus
  • Rhymes: -ʏs

Adverb

edit

dus

  1. so, therefore, thus, ergo

Usage notes

edit

Dus is an unusual adverb in that it does not trigger mandatory inversion when it is placed at the front of a clause, instead inversion is optional: dus zij is beter and dus is zij beter are both correct as fronted variants of zij is dus beter.

Derived terms

edit

Descendants

edit
  • Afrikaans: dus
  • → Indonesian: dus
  • → Sranan Tongo: dùs
    • → Caribbean Javanese: dhes

Fala

edit

Etymology 1

edit

From Old Galician-Portuguese dos, equivalent to de (“of”) +‎ us (masculine plural definite article).

Alternative forms

edit

Contraction

edit

dus m pl (singular du, feminine da, feminine plural das)

  1. (Lagarteiru, Valverdeñu) of the

Etymology 2

edit

Numeral

edit

dus f (masculine dois)

  1. (Lagarteiru) Apocopic form of dúas (“two”)
Usage notes
edit
  • In Lagarteiru, this apocopic form is used in place of dúas when preceding a feminine plural noun as part of a noun phrase.

References

edit
  • Valeš, Miroslav (2021) Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu (web)‎[1], 2nd edition, Minde, Portugal: CIDLeS, published 2022, →ISBN
  • Valeš, Miroslav (2021) Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu (web)‎[2], 2nd edition, Minde, Portugal: CIDLeS, published 2022, →ISBN

French

edit

Pronunciation

edit

Verb

edit

dus

  1. first/second-person singular past historic of devoir

Participle

edit

dus m pl

  1. masculine plural of dû

Anagrams

edit

German

edit

Alternative forms

edit

Pronunciation

edit
  • IPA(key): /duːs/
  • Hyphenation: dus

Contraction

edit

dus

  1. Contraction of du es.
    • 1843, Brothers Grimm, “Der Froschkönig oder der eiserne Heinrich”, in Kinder- und Haus-Märchen, Band 1‎[3], 5th edition, pages 3–4:
      „Königstochter, jüngste, mach mir auf, weißt du nicht was gestern du zu mir gesagt bei dem kühlen Brunnenwasser? Königstochter, jüngste, mach mir auf.“ Da sagte der König „hast dus versprochen, so mußt dus auch halten; geh nur und mach ihm auf.“
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Guinea-Bissau Creole

edit
Guinea-Bissau Creole cardinal numbers
 <  1 2 3  > 
    Cardinal : dus

Etymology

edit

From Portuguese dois. Cognate with Kabuverdianu dos.

Numeral

edit

dus

  1. two (2)

Indonesian

edit

Pronunciation

edit

Etymology 1

edit

From Dutch doos. Doublet of dosis.

Alternative forms

edit
  • dos (colloquial)

Noun

edit

dus

  1. box (a cuboid container and its contents; as much as fills such a container)
    Synonym: kardus

Etymology 2

edit

From Dutch dus (“thus”).

Particle

edit

dus

  1. (old-fashioned, now rare) thus, so

Etymology 3

edit

From Dutch douche. Doublet of douche.

Noun

edit

dus

  1. (colloquial, rare) shower (a device for bathing by which water is made to fall on the body from a height)

Further reading

edit

Javanese

edit

Romanization

edit

dus

  1. Romanization of ꦢꦸꦱ꧀

Latvian

edit

Verb

edit

dus

  1. third-person singular/plural present indicative of dusēt
  2. (with the particle lai) third-person singular imperative of dusēt
  3. (with the particle lai) third-person plural imperative of dusēt

Middle Dutch

edit

Etymology

edit

From Old Dutch thus, from Proto-Germanic *þus.

Adverb

edit

dus

  1. thus, in this way
  2. therefore

Alternative forms

edit

Derived terms

edit

Descendants

edit

Further reading

edit
  • “dus”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
  • Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “dus”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN

Miskito

edit

Noun

edit

dus

  1. tree

Norman

edit

Verb

edit

dus

  1. first-person singular preterite of d'ver

Northern Sami

edit

Pronunciation

edit
  • (Kautokeino) IPA(key): /ˈtuːs/

Pronoun

edit

dūs

  1. locative of don

Norwegian Nynorsk

edit

Etymology

edit

From du (“you (singular)”), influenced by dus (Etymology 2).

Adjective

edit

dus (singular and plural dus)

  1. having sufficient lack of formal distance (of interpersonal relationships)
    1. (originally) Being on terms where one may address each other with the 2nd person pronoun du, as opposed to the historically more formal De.
    2. Familiar, intimate
    3. Informal

Antonyms

edit

Old French

edit

Noun

edit

dus m

  1. inflection of duc:
    1. oblique plural
    2. nominative singular

Old Javanese

edit

Etymology

edit

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ziuq (“bathe”), from Proto-Austronesian *diRus (“bathe”). Doublet of dyus.

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

dus

  1. bath

Derived terms

edit

Descendants

edit

Further reading

edit
  • "dus" in P.J. Zoetmulder with the collaboration of S.O. Robson, Old Javanese-English Dictionary. 's-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff, 1982.

Romanian

edit

Etymology

edit

Past participle of duce.

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

dus n (uncountable)

  1. departure

Declension

edit
singular only indefinite definite
nominative-accusative dus dusul
genitive-dative dus dusului
vocative dusule

Adjective

edit

dus m or n (feminine singular dusă, masculine plural duși, feminine and neuter plural duse)

  1. someone who has left and will not come back
  2. dead
  3. absent-minded
  4. crazy

Declension

edit
singular plural
masculine neuter feminine masculine neuter feminine
nominative-
accusative 		indefinite dus dusă duși duse
definite dusul dusa dușii dusele
genitive-
dative 		indefinite dus duse duși duse
definite dusului dusei dușilor duselor

Verb

edit

dus (past participle of duce)

  1. past participle of duce

Romansch

edit

Alternative forms

edit

Etymology

edit

From Latin duōs, masculine accusative of duo.

Numeral

edit

dus m (feminine duas)

  1. (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Surmiran) two

Usage notes

edit

Only Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, and Sutsilvan have a separate feminine form; in Surmiran, dus is epicene.

Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=dus&oldid=83075895"
  NODES
INTERN 1
Note 9