entbinden
German
editEtymology
editFrom Middle High German entbinden, enbinden, from Old High German intbintan, from Proto-Germanic *andabindaną. Cognate with English unbind, Dutch ontbinden.
Pronunciation
editVerb
editentbinden (class 3 strong, third-person singular present entbindet, past tense entband, past participle entbunden, past subjunctive entbände, auxiliary haben)
- (transitive, dated, often passive voice) to see a woman through childbirth; to deliver
- Synonym: Geburtshilfe leisten
- Die Frau wurde von einem kleinen Mädchen entbunden.
- The woman was delivered of a little girl.
- Der Arzt hat die Frau entbunden.
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
- 1909, Thomas Mann, Königliche Hoheit[1], page 41; republished as A. Cecil Curtis, transl., Royal Highness, 1916:
- Schüsse wurden gelöst, als auf den verschiedenen Verständigungswegen der Neuzeit in die Residenz die Nachricht gelangte, daß auf Grimmburg die Großherzogin Dorothea zum zweiten Male von einem Prinzen entbunden sei.
- Artillery salvos were fired when the various new-fangled means of communication in the capital spread the news that the Grand Duchess Dorothea had given birth to a prince for the second time at Grimmburg.
- (intransitive) to give birth; referring to labour, excluding pregnancy
- Synonym: gebären (includes pregnancy)
- Die Frau hat entbunden.
- The woman has given birth.
- (transitive, still somewhat nonstandard) to give birth to a child
- Synonyms: gebären, zur Welt bringen
- Die Frau hat ein kleines Mädchen entbunden.
- The woman has given birth to a little girl.
- (transitive) to free (someone) from a duty; to release; to exempt [with accusative ‘someone’ and von (+ dative) ‘from a duty’]
- Synonyms: befreien, freistellen
- Ich entbinde Sie von Ihrer Schweigepflicht.
- I exempt you from your confidentiality obligations.
- (transitive) to dismiss, to discharge [with accusative ‘someone’, along with von (+ dative) or genitive ‘from a job or office’]
- Synonyms: entheben, entlassen, (euphemistic) freistellen
- Er wurde seines Amtes entbunden.
- He was discharged from his office.
Usage notes
edit- With regard to childbirth, the subject of entbinden was originally the doctor or midwife and the object was the mother (sense 1). This use is now dated, the mother being predominantly construed as the subject (sense 2). However, this construction is still usually intransitive (with no object at all). Transitive use with the child as the object is fairly current, but cannot yet be considered perfectly standard (sense 3).
Conjugation
editinfinitive | entbinden | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | entbindend | ||||
past participle | entbunden | ||||
auxiliary | haben | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
present | ich entbinde | wir entbinden | i | ich entbinde | wir entbinden |
du entbindest | ihr entbindet | du entbindest | ihr entbindet | ||
er entbindet | sie entbinden | er entbinde | sie entbinden | ||
preterite | ich entband | wir entbanden | ii | ich entbände1 | wir entbänden1 |
du entbandest du entbandst |
ihr entbandet | du entbändest1 | ihr entbändet1 | ||
er entband | sie entbanden | er entbände1 | sie entbänden1 | ||
imperative | entbind (du) entbinde (du) |
entbindet (ihr) |
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
Derived terms
editFurther reading
editCategories:
- German terms inherited from Middle High German
- German terms derived from Middle High German
- German terms inherited from Old High German
- German terms derived from Old High German
- German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- German 3-syllable words
- German terms with IPA pronunciation
- German terms with audio pronunciation
- German lemmas
- German verbs
- German strong verbs
- German class 3 strong verbs
- German verbs using haben as auxiliary
- German transitive verbs
- German dated terms
- German terms with usage examples
- German terms with quotations
- German intransitive verbs
- German nonstandard terms