envolver

Portuguese

Etymology

From Latin involvere (“to involve”), from in (“in, at, on”) + volvō (“to roll”), from Proto-Indo-European *wel- (“to turn, wind, round”).

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.vowˈve(ʁ)/ [ẽ.voʊ̯ˈve(h)], (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.vowˈve(ʁ)/ [ĩ.voʊ̯ˈve(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.vowˈve(ʁ)/ [ẽ.voʊ̯ˈve(h)], (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.vowˈve(ʁ)/ [ĩ.voʊ̯ˈve(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.vowˈve(ɾ)/ [ẽ.voʊ̯ˈve(ɾ)], (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.vowˈve(ɾ)/ [ĩ.voʊ̯ˈve(ɾ)]
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.vowˈve(ʁ)/ [ẽ.voʊ̯ˈve(χ)], (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.vowˈve(ʁ)/ [ĩ.voʊ̯ˈve(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.vowˈve(ɻ)/ [ẽ.voʊ̯ˈve(ɻ)], (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.vowˈve(ɻ)/ [ĩ.voʊ̯ˈve(ɻ)]

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ẽ.volˈveɾ/ [ẽ.voɫˈveɾ], /ẽ.vɔlˈveɾ/ [ẽ.vɔɫˈveɾ]

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ẽ.volˈveɾ/ [ẽ.voɫˈveɾ], /ẽ.vɔlˈveɾ/ [ẽ.vɔɫˈveɾ]
  • (Northern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ẽ.bolˈbeɾ/ [ẽ.boɫˈβeɾ], /ẽ.bɔlˈbeɾ/ [ẽ.bɔɫˈβeɾ]
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ẽ.volˈve.ɾi/ [ẽ.voɫˈve.ɾi], /ẽ.vɔlˈve.ɾi/ [ẽ.vɔɫˈve.ɾi]

• Hyphenation: en‧vol‧ver

Verb

envolver (first-person singular present envolvo, first-person singular preterite envolvi, past participle envolvido, short past participle envolto)

1. to involve (envelop completely)

   Synonyms: cobrir, embrulhar

   Antonym: descobrir

2. to encompass (include within the scope)

   Synonyms: abranger, englobar

Conjugation

    Conjugation of envolver (irregular short past participle) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	envolver
Personal	envolver	envolveres	envolver	envolvermos	envolverdes	envolverem
Gerund
	envolvendo
Short past participle
Masculine	envolto1			envoltos1
Feminine	envolta1			envoltas1
Long past participle
Masculine	envolvido2			envolvidos2
Feminine	envolvida2			envolvidas2
Indicative
Present	envolvo	envolves	envolve	envolvemos	envolveis	envolvem
Imperfect	envolvia	envolvias	envolvia	envolvíamos	envolvíeis	envolviam
Preterite	envolvi	envolveste	envolveu	envolvemos	envolvestes	envolveram
Pluperfect	envolvera	envolveras	envolvera	envolvêramos	envolvêreis	envolveram
Future	envolverei	envolverás	envolverá	envolveremos	envolvereis	envolverão
Conditional	envolveria	envolverias	envolveria	envolveríamos	envolveríeis	envolveriam
Subjunctive
Present	envolva	envolvas	envolva	envolvamos	envolvais	envolvam
Imperfect	envolvesse	envolvesses	envolvesse	envolvêssemos	envolvêsseis	envolvessem
Future	envolver	envolveres	envolver	envolvermos	envolverdes	envolverem
Imperative
Affirmative		envolve	envolva	envolvamos	envolvei	envolvam
Negative (não)		não envolvas	não envolva	não envolvamos	não envolvais	não envolvam

¹Usually used with auxiliary verbs ser and estar.
²Usually used with auxiliary verbs haver and ter.

Related terms

• envolta
• envolto
• envoltório
• envoltura
• envolvente
• envolvido
• envolvimento
• volver

 

Spanish

Etymology

Inherited from Latin involvere.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /embolˈbeɾ/ [ẽm.bolˈβ̞eɾ]
• Rhymes: -eɾ
• Syllabification: en‧vol‧ver

Verb

envolver (first-person singular present envuelvo, first-person singular preterite envolví, past participle envuelto)

1. to wrap; to shroud
2. to involve

Conjugation

    Conjugation of envolver (irregular; o-ue alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			envolver
gerund			envolviendo
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		envuelto		envuelta
		plural		envueltos		envueltas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	envuelvo	envuelvestú envolvésvos	envuelve	envolvemos	envolvéis	envuelven
	imperfect	envolvía	envolvías	envolvía	envolvíamos	envolvíais	envolvían
	preterite	envolví	envolviste	envolvió	envolvimos	envolvisteis	envolvieron
	future	envolveré	envolverás	envolverá	envolveremos	envolveréis	envolverán
	conditional	envolvería	envolverías	envolvería	envolveríamos	envolveríais	envolverían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	envuelva	envuelvastú envolvásvos2	envuelva	envolvamos	envolváis	envuelvan
	imperfect (ra)	envolviera	envolvieras	envolviera	envolviéramos	envolvierais	envolvieran
	imperfect (se)	envolviese	envolvieses	envolviese	envolviésemos	envolvieseis	envolviesen
	future1	envolviere	envolvieres	envolviere	envolviéremos	envolviereis	envolvieren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		envuelvetú envolvévos	envuelva	envolvamos	envolved	envuelvan
	negative		no envuelvas	no envuelva	no envolvamos	no envolváis	no envuelvan

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of envolver (irregular; o-ue alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive envolver
	dative	envolverme	envolverte	envolverle, envolverse	envolvernos	envolveros	envolverles, envolverse
	accusative	envolverme	envolverte	envolverlo, envolverla, envolverse	envolvernos	envolveros	envolverlos, envolverlas, envolverse
with gerund envolviendo
	dative	envolviéndome	envolviéndote	envolviéndole, envolviéndose	envolviéndonos	envolviéndoos	envolviéndoles, envolviéndose
	accusative	envolviéndome	envolviéndote	envolviéndolo, envolviéndola, envolviéndose	envolviéndonos	envolviéndoos	envolviéndolos, envolviéndolas, envolviéndose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative envuelve
	dative	envuélveme	envuélvete	envuélvele	envuélvenos	not used	envuélveles
	accusative	envuélveme	envuélvete	envuélvelo, envuélvela	envuélvenos	not used	envuélvelos, envuélvelas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative envolvé
	dative	envolveme	envolvete	envolvele	envolvenos	not used	envolveles
	accusative	envolveme	envolvete	envolvelo, envolvela	envolvenos	not used	envolvelos, envolvelas
with formal second-person singular imperative envuelva
	dative	envuélvame	not used	envuélvale, envuélvase	envuélvanos	not used	envuélvales
	accusative	envuélvame	not used	envuélvalo, envuélvala, envuélvase	envuélvanos	not used	envuélvalos, envuélvalas
with first-person plural imperative envolvamos
	dative	not used	envolvámoste	envolvámosle	envolvámonos	envolvámoos	envolvámosles
	accusative	not used	envolvámoste	envolvámoslo, envolvámosla	envolvámonos	envolvámoos	envolvámoslos, envolvámoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative envolved
	dative	envolvedme	not used	envolvedle	envolvednos	envolveos	envolvedles
	accusative	envolvedme	not used	envolvedlo, envolvedla	envolvednos	envolveos	envolvedlos, envolvedlas
with formal second-person plural imperative envuelvan
	dative	envuélvanme	not used	envuélvanle	envuélvannos	not used	envuélvanles, envuélvanse
	accusative	envuélvanme	not used	envuélvanlo, envuélvanla	envuélvannos	not used	envuélvanlos, envuélvanlas, envuélvanse

Antonyms

• desenvolver

Derived terms

• desenvolver
• envolvimiento
• papel de envolver

 

Related terms

• envuelto
• volver

 

See also

• fajar

Further reading

• “envolver”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2023 November 28