exigir

Catalan

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin exigere, with normal change of conjugation to -ir. First attested in 1388.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [əɡ.ziˈʒi]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [eɡ.ziˈd͡ʒiɾ]

Verb

exigir (first-person singular present exigeixo, first-person singular preterite exigí, past participle exigit)

1. to demand

Conjugation

    Conjugation of exigir (third conjugation, with -eix-)

infinitive			exigir
gerund			exigint
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		exigit		exigida
		plural		exigits		exigides
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	exigeixo	exigeixes	exigeix	exigim	exigiu	exigeixen
	imperfect	exigia	exigies	exigia	exigíem	exigíeu	exigien
	future	exigiré	exigiràs	exigirà	exigirem	exigireu	exigiran
	preterite	exigí	exigires	exigí	exigírem	exigíreu	exigiren
	conditional	exigiria	exigiries	exigiria	exigiríem	exigiríeu	exigirien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	exigeixi	exigeixis	exigeixi	exigim	exigiu	exigeixin
	imperfect	exigís	exigissis	exigís	exigíssim	exigíssiu	exigissin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	exigeix	exigeixi	exigim	exigiu	exigeixin
	negative (no)	—	no exigeixis	no exigeixi	no exigim	no exigiu	no exigeixin

Related terms

• exigència
• exigent

Further reading

• “exigir” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “exigir” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “exigir” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Occitan

Etymology

From Latin exigō.

Pronunciation

• Audio (Béarn):

  (file)

• Audio (Languedoc):

  (file)

Verb

exigir

1. to demand

Conjugation

    Conjugation of exigir in Lengadocian (Central Occitan)

		simple			compound
infinitive		exigir			?er exigit
past participle		exigit			—
gerund		exigissent			?ent exigit
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	exigissi	exigisses	exigís	exigissèm	exigissètz	exigisson
	imperfect	exigissiái	exigissiás	exigissiá	exigissiam	exigissiatz	exigissián
	preterite	exigiguèri	exigiguères	exigiguèt	exigiguèrem	exigiguèretz	exigiguèron
	future	exigirai	exigiràs	exigirà	exigirem	exigiretz	exigiràn
	conditional	exigiriái	exigiriás	exigiriá	exigiriam	exigiriatz	exigirián
	conditional 2nd form1	exigiguèra	exigiguèras	exigiguèra	exigigueram	exigigueratz	exigiguèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of ?er plus the past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of ?er plus the past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of ?er plus the past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of ?er plus the past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of ?er plus the past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	exigisca	exigiscas	exigisca	exigiscam	exigiscatz	exigiscan
	imperfect	exigiguèsse	exigiguèsses	exigiguèsse	exigiguèssem	exigiguèssetz	exigiguèsson
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of ?er plus the past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of ?er plus the past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			exigís		exigiscam	exigissetz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

Related terms

• exigéncia
• exigent

Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin exigere.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /e.ziˈʒi(ʁ)/ [e.ziˈʒi(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /e.ziˈʒi(ʁ)/ [e.ziˈʒi(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /e.ziˈʒi(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /e.ziˈʒi(ʁ)/ [e.ziˈʒi(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /e.ziˈʒi(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /i.ziˈʒiɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /i.ziˈʒiɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /i.ziˈʒi.ɾi/

Verb

exigir (first-person singular present exijo, first-person singular preterite exigi, past participle exigido)

1. to require, need
2. to ask, demand

   Synonym: demandar

Conjugation

    Conjugation of exigir (g-j alternation) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	exigir
Personal	exigir	exigires	exigir	exigirmos	exigirdes	exigirem
Gerund
	exigindo
Past participle
Masculine	exigido			exigidos
Feminine	exigida			exigidas
Indicative
Present	exijo	exiges	exige	exigimos	exigis	exigem
Imperfect	exigia	exigias	exigia	exigíamos	exigíeis	exigiam
Preterite	exigi	exigiste	exigiu	exigimos	exigistes	exigiram
Pluperfect	exigira	exigiras	exigira	exigíramos	exigíreis	exigiram
Future	exigirei	exigirás	exigirá	exigiremos	exigireis	exigirão
Conditional	exigiria	exigirias	exigiria	exigiríamos	exigiríeis	exigiriam
Subjunctive
Present	exija	exijas	exija	exijamos	exijais	exijam
Imperfect	exigisse	exigisses	exigisse	exigíssemos	exigísseis	exigissem
Future	exigir	exigires	exigir	exigirmos	exigirdes	exigirem
Imperative
Affirmative		exige	exija	exijamos	exigi	exijam
Negative (não)		não exijas	não exija	não exijamos	não exijais	não exijam

Related terms

• exigência
• exigente

Further reading

• “exigir”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2024

Spanish

Etymology

From Latin exigere.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /eɡsiˈxiɾ/ [eɣ̞.siˈxiɾ]
• Rhymes: -iɾ
• Syllabification: e‧xi‧gir

Verb

exigir (first-person singular present exijo, first-person singular preterite exigí, past participle exigido)

1. (transitive) to demand; to require; to call for

   Synonym: demandar

2. (transitive) to exact
3. (transitive) to hold (e.g., accountable)
4. (reflexive) to be required, to be demanded

Conjugation

    Conjugation of exigir (g-j alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			exigir
gerund			exigiendo
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		exigido		exigida
		plural		exigidos		exigidas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	exijo	exigestú exigísvos	exige	exigimos	exigís	exigen
	imperfect	exigía	exigías	exigía	exigíamos	exigíais	exigían
	preterite	exigí	exigiste	exigió	exigimos	exigisteis	exigieron
	future	exigiré	exigirás	exigirá	exigiremos	exigiréis	exigirán
	conditional	exigiría	exigirías	exigiría	exigiríamos	exigiríais	exigirían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	exija	exijastú exijásvos2	exija	exijamos	exijáis	exijan
	imperfect (ra)	exigiera	exigieras	exigiera	exigiéramos	exigierais	exigieran
	imperfect (se)	exigiese	exigieses	exigiese	exigiésemos	exigieseis	exigiesen
	future1	exigiere	exigieres	exigiere	exigiéremos	exigiereis	exigieren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		exigetú exigívos	exija	exijamos	exigid	exijan
	negative		no exijas	no exija	no exijamos	no exijáis	no exijan

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of exigir (g-j alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive exigir	dative	exigirme	exigirte	exigirle, exigirse	exigirnos	exigiros	exigirles, exigirse
	accusative	exigirme	exigirte	exigirlo, exigirla, exigirse	exigirnos	exigiros	exigirlos, exigirlas, exigirse
with gerund exigiendo	dative	exigiéndome	exigiéndote	exigiéndole, exigiéndose	exigiéndonos	exigiéndoos	exigiéndoles, exigiéndose
	accusative	exigiéndome	exigiéndote	exigiéndolo, exigiéndola, exigiéndose	exigiéndonos	exigiéndoos	exigiéndolos, exigiéndolas, exigiéndose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative exige	dative	exígeme	exígete	exígele	exígenos	not used	exígeles
	accusative	exígeme	exígete	exígelo, exígela	exígenos	not used	exígelos, exígelas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative exigí	dative	exigime	exigite	exigile	exiginos	not used	exigiles
	accusative	exigime	exigite	exigilo, exigila	exiginos	not used	exigilos, exigilas
with formal second-person singular imperative exija	dative	exíjame	not used	exíjale, exíjase	exíjanos	not used	exíjales
	accusative	exíjame	not used	exíjalo, exíjala, exíjase	exíjanos	not used	exíjalos, exíjalas
with first-person plural imperative exijamos	dative	not used	exijámoste	exijámosle	exijámonos	exijámoos	exijámosles
	accusative	not used	exijámoste	exijámoslo, exijámosla	exijámonos	exijámoos	exijámoslos, exijámoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative exigid	dative	exigidme	not used	exigidle	exigidnos	exigíos	exigidles
	accusative	exigidme	not used	exigidlo, exigidla	exigidnos	exigíos	exigidlos, exigidlas
with formal second-person plural imperative exijan	dative	exíjanme	not used	exíjanle	exíjannos	not used	exíjanles, exíjanse
	accusative	exíjanme	not used	exíjanlo, exíjanla	exíjannos	not used	exíjanlos, exíjanlas, exíjanse

Related terms

• exigencia
• exigente

 

Further reading

• “exigir”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10