farm
English
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editFrom Middle English ferme, farme (“rent, revenue, produce, factor, stewardship, meal, feast”), influenced by Anglo-Norman ferme (“rent, lease, farm”), from Medieval Latin ferma, firma. There is debate as to whether Medieval Latin acquires this term from Old English feorm (“rent, provision, supplies, feast”), from Proto-Germanic *fermō, *firhuma- (“means of living, subsistence”), from Proto-Germanic *ferhwō (“life force, body, being”), from Proto-Indo-European *perkʷ- (“life, force, strength, tree”), or from Latin firmus (“solid, secure”), from Proto-Italic *fermos, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰer-mo-s (“holding”), from the root *dʰer- (“to hold”). If the former etymology is correct, the term is related to Old English feorh (“life, spirit”), Icelandic fjör (“life, vitality, vigour, animation”), Gothic 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍈𐌿𐍃 (fairƕus, “the world”). Compare also Old English feormehām (“farm”), feormere (“purveyor, supplier, grocer”). Cognate with Scots ferm (“rent, farm”).
Alternative forms
editNoun
editfarm (plural farms)
- A place where agricultural and similar activities take place, especially the growing of crops or the raising of livestock.
- A tract of land held on lease for the purpose of cultivation.
- (often in combination) A location used for an industrial purpose, having many similar structures.
- antenna farm; fuel farm; solar farm; wind farm
- 2014 July 25, Suzanne Goldenberg, “Apple eyes solar to power the cloud and iPhone 6 sapphire manufacturing”, in The Guardian[1]:
- The skies are threatening to pour on the Apple solar farm but as the woman in-charge of the company’s environmental initiatives points out: the panels are still putting out some power. Apple is still greening its act.
- (computing) A group of coordinated servers.
- a render farm
- a server farm
- (obsolete) Food; provisions; a meal.
- (obsolete) A banquet; feast.
- (obsolete) A fixed yearly amount (food, provisions, money, etc.) payable as rent or tax.
- 1642, J. Perkins, transl., Profitable Bk. (new ed.) xi. §751. 329:
- If a man be bounden unto 1.s. in 100.l.£ to grant unto him the rent and farme of such a Mill.
- 1700, J. Tyrrell, Gen. Hist. Eng. II. 814:
- All..Tythings shall stand at the old Farm, without any Increase.
- 1767, W. Blackstone, Comm. Laws Eng. II. 320:
- The most usual and customary feorm or rent..must be reserved yearly on such lease.
- (historical) A fixed yearly sum accepted from a person as a composition for taxes or other moneys which he is empowered to collect; also, a fixed charge imposed on a town, county, etc., in respect of a tax or taxes to be collected within its limits.
- 1876, E. A. Freeman, Hist. Norman Conquest V. xxiv. 439:
- He [the Sheriff] paid into the Exchequer the fixed yearly sum which formed the farm of the shire.
- (historical) The letting-out of public revenue to a ‘farmer’; the privilege of farming a tax or taxes.
- 1885, Edwards in Encycl. Brit. XIX. 580:
- The first farm of postal income was made in 1672.
- 1885, Edwards in Encycl. Brit. XIX. 580:
- The body of farmers of public revenues.
- 1786, T. Jefferson, Writings (1859) I. 568:
- They despair of a suppression of the Farm.
- The condition of being let at a fixed rent; lease; a lease.
- 1596 (date written; published 1633), Edmund Spenser, A Vewe of the Present State of Irelande […], Dublin: […] Societie of Stationers, […], →OCLC; republished as A View of the State of Ireland […] (Ancient Irish Histories), Dublin: […] Society of Stationers, […] Hibernia Press, […] [b]y John Morrison, 1809, →OCLC:
- It is a great willfullnes in any such Land-lord to refuse to make any longer farmes unto their Tennants.
- 1647, N. Bacon, Hist. Disc. Govt. 75:
- Thence the Leases so made were called Feormes or Farmes, which word signifieth Victuals.
- 1818, W. Cruise, Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. (ed. 2) IV. 68:
- The words demise, lease, and to farm let, are the proper ones to constitute a lease.
- (historical) A baby farm.
- 1838, Boz [pseudonym; Charles Dickens], Oliver Twist; or, The Parish Boy’s Progress. […], volume (please specify |volume=I, II, or III), London: Richard Bentley, […], →OCLC:
- Oliver’s sobs checked his utterance for some minutes; when he was on the point of beginning to relate how he had been brought up at the farm, and carried to the workhouse by Mr. Bumble, a peculiarly impatient little double-knock was heard at the street-door: and the servant, running upstairs, announced Mr. Grimwig.
Derived terms
edit- Allenfarm
- ant farm
- baby farm
- baby-farm
- beefarm
- bee farm
- bet the farm
- body farm
- brain farm
- buy the farm
- cat farm
- Chalk Farm
- click farm
- content farm
- county farm
- cube farm
- cubicle farm
- dairy farm
- factory farm
- farm animal
- farm business tenancy
- farm cat
- farm club
- farm girl
- farm hand
- farm holder
- farm house
- farm land
- farm league
- farm market
- farm-mate
- farm nigger
- farm owner
- farm runoff
- farm shop
- farm sim
- farm stall
- farm stand
- farm team
- farm the strike
- farm-to-fork
- farm-to-table
- farm upstate
- farm work
- farm worker
- fat farm
- fish farm
- funny farm
- fur farm
- give away the farm
- glebe-farm
- gold farm
- health farm
- home farm
- honor farm
- kitten farm
- link farm
- missile farm
- oyster farm
- Pepperidge Farm remembers
- pizza farm
- poor farm
- prison farm
- rage farm
- ribbon farm
- server farm
- store farm
- stud farm
- tank farm
- The Farm
- tree farm
- troll farm
- truck farm
- turret farm
- wiki farm
- wind farm
- work farm
- working farm
Descendants
edit- → Dutch: farm
- → Finnish: farmi
- → German: Farm
- → Portuguese: farme, farma
- → Yiddish: פֿאַרם (farm)
- → Spanish: farmear
- → Thai: ฟาร์ม (faam)
Translations
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Etymology 2
editFrom Middle English fermen, from Anglo-Norman fermer (“to let out for a fixed payment, lease, rent”) ultimately from the same Old English source as Etymology 1. Compare Old English feormian (“to feed, supply with food, sustain”).
Verb
editfarm (third-person singular simple present farms, present participle farming, simple past and past participle farmed)
- (intransitive) To work on a farm, especially in the growing and harvesting of crops.
- (transitive) To devote (land) to farming.
- (transitive) To grow (a particular crop).
- To give up to another, as an estate, a business, the revenue, etc., on condition of receiving in return a percentage of what it yields; to farm out.
- to farm the taxes
- December 1, 1783, Edmund Burke, Speech on Mr. Fox's East-India Bill
- to farm their subjects and their duties toward these
- (obsolete, transitive) To lease or let for an equivalent, e.g. land for a rent; to yield the use of to proceeds.
- 1595 December 9 (first known performance), William Shakespeare, “The life and death of King Richard the Second”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iv]:
- We are enforced to farm our royal realm.
- (obsolete, transitive) To take at a certain rent or rate.
- 1886, The Fortnightly, volume 46, page 530:
- In Paris it is stated that nearly half the birth-rate of the city finds its way to nurses who farm babies in the suburbs.
- (Internet slang, originally online gaming) To engage in grinding (repetitive activity) in a particular area or against specific enemies for a particular drop or item.
- 2004, Doug Freyburger, “Pudding Farming Requires Care”, in rec.games.roguelike.nethack (Usenet):
- When you hit a black pudding with an iron weapon that does at least one point of damage there is a good chance it will divide into two black puddings of the same size (but half the hit points IIRC). […] When eaten black puddings confer several intrinsics so AC [armor class] is not the only potential benefit. […] Since black puddings are formidible[sic] monsters for an inexperienced character, farming is also a good way to die.
- 2010, Robert Alan Brookey, Hollywood Gamers, page 130:
- The practice of gold farming is controversial within gaming communities and violates the end user licensing agreements […]
Derived terms
editTranslations
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See also
editReferences
editOxford English Dictionary, 1884–1928, and First Supplement, 1933.
Further reading
editEtymology 3
editFrom Middle English fermen, from Old English feormian (“to clean, cleanse”), from Proto-West Germanic *furbēn (“to clean, polish, buff”). Doublet of furbish.
Verb
editfarm (third-person singular simple present farms, present participle farming, simple past and past participle farmed)
- (UK, dialectal) To cleanse; clean out; put in order; empty; empty out
- Farm out the stable and pigsty.
Anagrams
editDalmatian
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editFrom Latin firmus. Compare Italian fermo.
Adjective
editfarm
Dutch
editPronunciation
editAudio: (file)
Verb
editfarm
- inflection of farmen:
German
editVerb
editfarm
Hungarian
editEtymology
editBorrowed from English farm.[1]
Pronunciation
editNoun
editfarm (plural farmok)
- farm
- Synonyms: tanya, gazdaság, birtok, földbirtok
Declension
editInflection (stem in -o-, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | farm | farmok |
accusative | farmot | farmokat |
dative | farmnak | farmoknak |
instrumental | farmmal | farmokkal |
causal-final | farmért | farmokért |
translative | farmmá | farmokká |
terminative | farmig | farmokig |
essive-formal | farmként | farmokként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | farmban | farmokban |
superessive | farmon | farmokon |
adessive | farmnál | farmoknál |
illative | farmba | farmokba |
sublative | farmra | farmokra |
allative | farmhoz | farmokhoz |
elative | farmból | farmokból |
delative | farmról | farmokról |
ablative | farmtól | farmoktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
farmé | farmoké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
farméi | farmokéi |
Possessive forms of farm | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | farmom | farmjaim |
2nd person sing. | farmod | farmjaid |
3rd person sing. | farmja | farmjai |
1st person plural | farmunk | farmjaink |
2nd person plural | farmotok | farmjaitok |
3rd person plural | farmjuk | farmjaik |
References
edit- ^ Tótfalusi, István. Idegenszó-tár: Idegen szavak értelmező és etimológiai szótára (’A Storehouse of Foreign Words: an explanatory and etymological dictionary of foreign words’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2005. →ISBN
Further reading
edit- farm in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- farm in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).
Icelandic
editNoun
editfarm
Old English
editNoun
editfarm f
- Alternative form of feorm
Volapük
editNoun
editfarm (nominative plural farms)
Declension
edit- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)m
- Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)m/1 syllable
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *perkʷ-
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms derived from Anglo-Norman
- English terms derived from Medieval Latin
- English terms derived from Old English
- English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- English terms derived from Latin
- English terms derived from Proto-Italic
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English terms with collocations
- English terms with quotations
- en:Computing
- English terms with usage examples
- English terms with obsolete senses
- English terms with historical senses
- English verbs
- English intransitive verbs
- English transitive verbs
- English internet slang
- en:Video games
- English terms inherited from Old English
- English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- English doublets
- British English
- English dialectal terms
- en:Places
- en:Agriculture
- Dalmatian terms inherited from Latin
- Dalmatian terms derived from Latin
- Dalmatian lemmas
- Dalmatian adjectives
- Dutch terms with audio pronunciation
- Dutch non-lemma forms
- Dutch verb forms
- German non-lemma forms
- German verb forms
- Hungarian terms borrowed from English
- Hungarian terms derived from English
- Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Hungarian/ɒrm
- Rhymes:Hungarian/ɒrm/1 syllable
- Hungarian lemmas
- Hungarian nouns
- Icelandic non-lemma forms
- Icelandic noun forms
- Old English lemmas
- Old English nouns
- Old English feminine nouns
- Volapük lemmas
- Volapük nouns