filo

See also: Filo, filó, filò, filo-, and -filo

English

Noun

filo (countable and uncountable, plural filos)

1. Alternative spelling of phyllo

Further reading

• filo on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Anagrams

• FOIL, LIFO, foil, lo-fi, lofi

Catalan

Verb

filo

1. first-person singular present indicative of filar

Esperanto

Etymology

From Latin fīlius.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈfilo]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ilo
• Hyphenation: fi‧lo

Noun

filo (accusative singular filon, plural filoj, accusative plural filojn)

1. son

Hypernyms

• gefilo (“offspring”)

Coordinate terms

• filino (“daughter”)

Derived terms

• duonfilo (“stepson”)
• filiĉo
• vicfilo (“stepson”)

Italian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈfi.lo/
• Rhymes: -ilo
• Hyphenation: fì‧lo

Etymology 1

Inherited from Latin fīlum.

Noun

filo m (plural fili m or (collectively or in fixed expressions) fila f, diminutive filìno or filétto)

1. thread (for sewing, etc.)
2. yarn
3. string (cord)
4. cable, wire, flex
5. blade (of grass, etc.)
6. grain (of wood)
7. (idiomatic, in the plural) threads, strands
8. trickle (of water)

   filo d'acqua

   water trickle

9. breath (of air)
10. wisp (of smoke)
11. edge (of blade)
12. ray (of light)
13. glimmer (of hope)

Usage notes

• The feminine plural fila is only used in the idiomatic sense threads.

Derived terms

• affilare
• fila
• filare
• filo a piombo
• filo di speranza
• filo di voce
• infilare
• per filo e per segno

 

Related terms

• filare

Etymology 2

From Latin phylum, from Ancient Greek φῦλον (phûlon).

Noun

filo m (plural fili)

1. (taxonomy) phylum (a rank in the classification of organisms, below kingdom and above class)

Etymology 3

Verb

filo

1. first-person singular present indicative of filare

Further reading

• filo¹ in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
• filo² in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Anagrams

• lofi

Italiot Greek

Noun

filo m

1. friend

Latin

Etymology 1

From fīlum (“thread”, noun) +‎ -ō (verb-forming suffix). Documented from the fourth century AD.

Verb

fīlō (present infinitive fīlāre, perfect active fīlāvī, supine fīlātum); first conjugation (Late Latin)

1. to weave

   Synonym: neō

Conjugation

   Conjugation of fīlō (first conjugation)

indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	fīlō	fīlās	fīlat	fīlāmus	fīlātis	fīlant
	imperfect	fīlābam	fīlābās	fīlābat	fīlābāmus	fīlābātis	fīlābant
	future	fīlābō	fīlābis	fīlābit	fīlābimus	fīlābitis	fīlābunt
	perfect	fīlāvī	fīlāvistī	fīlāvit	fīlāvimus	fīlāvistis	fīlāvērunt, fīlāvēre
	pluperfect	fīlāveram	fīlāverās	fīlāverat	fīlāverāmus	fīlāverātis	fīlāverant
	future perfect	fīlāverō	fīlāveris	fīlāverit	fīlāverimus	fīlāveritis	fīlāverint
passive	present	fīlor	fīlāris, fīlāre	fīlātur	fīlāmur	fīlāminī	fīlantur
	imperfect	fīlābar	fīlābāris, fīlābāre	fīlābātur	fīlābāmur	fīlābāminī	fīlābantur
	future	fīlābor	fīlāberis, fīlābere	fīlābitur	fīlābimur	fīlābiminī	fīlābuntur
	perfect	fīlātus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	fīlātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	fīlātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	fīlem	fīlēs	fīlet	fīlēmus	fīlētis	fīlent
imperfect	fīlārem	fīlārēs	fīlāret	fīlārēmus	fīlārētis	fīlārent
perfect	fīlāverim	fīlāverīs	fīlāverit	fīlāverīmus	fīlāverītis	fīlāverint
pluperfect	fīlāvissem	fīlāvissēs	fīlāvisset	fīlāvissēmus	fīlāvissētis	fīlāvissent
passive	present	fīler	fīlēris, fīlēre	fīlētur	fīlēmur	fīlēminī	fīlentur
imperfect	fīlārer	fīlārēris, fīlārēre	fīlārētur	fīlārēmur	fīlārēminī	fīlārentur
perfect	fīlātus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect	fīlātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	fīlā	—	—	fīlāte	—
	future	—	fīlātō	fīlātō	—	fīlātōte	fīlantō
passive	present	—	fīlāre	—	—	fīlāminī	—
	future	—	fīlātor	fīlātor	—	—	fīlantor
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		fīlāre	fīlāvisse	fīlātūrum esse	fīlārī	fīlātum esse	fīlātum īrī
participles		fīlāns	—	fīlātūrus	—	fīlātus	fīlandus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		fīlandī	fīlandō	fīlandum	fīlandō	fīlātum	fīlātū

Descendants

• Dalmatian:
  • filuor
• Italo-Romance:
  • Corsican: filà
  • Italian: filare
  • Neapolitan: filare
  • Sicilian: filari
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Catalan: filar
  • Franco-Provençal: felar
  • French: filer
  • Gascon: hilar
  • Occitan: filar
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Aragonese: filar
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: fiar
    • Galician: fiar
    • Portuguese: fiar
  • Spanish: hilar
• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: filare

Etymology 2

Noun

fīlō n

1. dative/ablative singular of fīlum

Macanese

Etymology

From Portuguese filho.

Noun

filo (plural filo-filo, female fila)

1. boy
2. son

   filo-di-quim ― whose son

3. child

   filo-grándi ― oldest child

   filo trás di porta ― illegitimate child

Particle

filo-filo

1. diminutive marker

   chuva filo-filo ― a drizzle (literally, “rain children”)

Portuguese

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈfi.lu/

• Hyphenation: fi‧lo
• Homophone: filho (Madeira)

Noun

filo m (plural filos)

1. (taxonomy) phylum (rank below kingdom and above class)

Etymology 2

Verb

filo

1. first-person singular present indicative of filar

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈfilo/ [ˈfi.lo]

• Audio (Colombia):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ilo
• Syllabification: fi‧lo

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Spanish filo, inherited from Latin fīlum. Doublet of hilo. Both were inherited, and it is not entirely clear why the two diverged in pronunciation, with filo coming to mean 'edge' and hilo maintaining the Latin sense of 'string, thread'. Perhaps the /f~h/ variation was exploited to create two words with more specialized senses.

Noun

filo m (plural filos)

1. edge, cutting edge (of the blade of an instrument)
2. edge (sharp terminating border)
3. (colloquial, dated, Colombia, El Salvador) hunger
4. (Cuba) fold

Derived terms

• afilar
• al filo de
• arma de dos filos
• contrafilo
• de doble filo
• espada de dos filos
• filar
• filoso

 

Interjection

filo

1. (Chile, colloquial) whatever, I don't care

Related terms

• desfilar
• fila
• filamento
• filiera
• hilar
• hilo

 

Etymology 2

Borrowed from New Latin phylum, from Ancient Greek φῦλον (phûlon, “race”).

Noun

filo m (plural filos)

1. (biology, taxonomy) phylum

Derived terms

• subfilo
• superfilo

 

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

filo

1. first-person singular present indicative of filar

Further reading

• Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1984) “hilo”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critic Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), volume III (G–Ma), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN, page 361
• “filo”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

Tongan

Noun

filo

1. cotton

Turkish

Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish فیلو (filo, “line of battle”), from Venetan filo (“line”), from Latin filum.

Noun

filo (definite accusative filoyu, plural filolar)

1. (military, nautical) fleet; squadron, line of battle

References

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “filo”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 2, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1593
• Kahane, Henry R., Kahane, Renée, Tietze, Andreas (1958) The Lingua Franca in the Levant: Turkish Nautical Terms of Italian and Greek Origin, Urbana: University of Illinois, § 286
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “filo”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Avery, Robert et al., editors (2013), The Redhouse Dictionary Turkish/Ottoman English, 21st edition, Istanbul: Sev Yayıncılık, →ISBN