franchise

See also: Franchise and franchisé

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈfɹænt͡ʃaɪ̯z/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

Etymology 1

From Middle English franchise, fraunchise, from Old French franchise (“freedom”), a derivative of franc (“free”). More at frank.

Noun

franchise (countable and uncountable, plural franchises)

1. The right to vote at a public election or referendum; see: suffrage.
2. A right or privilege officially granted to a person, a group of people, or a company by a government.
   • a. 1872, William H. Seward, debate

     Election by universal suffrage, as modified by the Constitution, is the one crowning franchise of the American people.

3. An acknowledgment of a corporation's existence and ownership.
4. The authorization granted by a company to sell or distribute its goods or services in a certain area.

   McDonald’s has exported its franchise.

5. A business operating under such authorization, a franchisee.
   • 2017, “Rockafella”, in The Art State, performed by Patricia Taxxon:

     What do you want from me, this evening's running out
     I'm looking to get out of this franchise in a flounce

6. A legal exemption from jurisdiction.
7. The membership of a corporation or state; citizenship.
8. The district or jurisdiction to which a particular privilege extends; the limits of an immunity; hence, an asylum or sanctuary.
   • 1810, “Franchise”, in James Millar, editor, Encyclopaedia Britannica:

     Churches and monasteries in Spain are franchises for criminals.

9. (sports) The collection of organizations in the history of a sports team; the tradition of a sports team as an entity, extending beyond the contemporary organization.

   The Whalers' home city of Hartford was one of many for the franchise.

10. (business, marketing) The positive influence on the buying behavior of customers exerted by the reputation of a company or a brand.
    • 2000, John Philip Jones, Behind powerful brands: from strategy to campaign, page 80:

      Once a brand has established a consumer franchise and a brand image, it takes a long time for these to decay, as the image is maintained more by people's personal familiarity with and usage of the brand than by external marketing stimuli.

    • 2002, Robert G. Hagstrom, The Essential Buffett: Timeless Principles for the New Economy, page 26:

      Warren Buffett teaches us that the best business to own, the one with the best long-term prospects is a franchise - one that sells a product or service that is needed or desired, has no close substitute, and yields profits that are unregulated.

    • 2007, Jack L. Treynor, Treynor on institutional investing, page 354:

      Certain other industries have no plant. Value derives entirely from brand franchise. (Consulting firms, engineering firms, and advertising agencies do not talk about the value of their franchise. Instead, they talk about "reputation".)

11. The loose collection of fictional works pertaining to a particular fictional universe, including literary, film, or television series from various sources, generally when all authorized by a copyright holder or similar authority.

    the Star Wars franchise

12. Exemption from constraint or oppression; freedom; liberty.
    • 1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book IV, Canto IX”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:

      Ye […] the love of ladies foule defame;
      To whom the world this franchise ever yeelded,
      That of their loves choise they might freedom clame.

13. (obsolete) Magnanimity; generosity; liberality; frankness; nobility.

Synonyms

• (business operating under franchise): franchisee, concession

Derived terms

Derived terms

• franchisal
• franchisee
• franchise player
• franchiser
• franchise records
• franchisor

Translations

right or privilege officially granted by a government

• Bulgarian: привилегия (bg) f (privilegija)
• Dutch: concessie (nl)
• Finnish: oikeus (fi), etuoikeus (fi), valtuutus (fi)
• French: concession (fr) f
• Galician: concesión f, franquía f
• German: Konzession (de) f, behördliche Genehmigung f
• Hindi: फ्रेन्चाइज़ m (phrencāiz)
• Malay: francais
• Plautdietsch: Wolrajcht n
• Portuguese: concessão (pt) f
• Scottish Gaelic: còir f
• Spanish: concesión (es) f
• Turkish: ayrıcalık (tr), imtiyaz (tr)
• Welsh: rhyddfraint f

acknowledgement of a corporation's existence and ownership

• Finnish: toimilupa (fi)
• Malay: francais

authorization granted by a company to sell or distribute its goods or services in a certain area

• Dutch: franchise (nl)
• Estonian: frantsiis
• Finnish: toimilupa (fi), luvake (fi), franchise (fi), franchisingsopimus
• French: franchise (fr) f
• Galician: franquía f
• Georgian: ფრანშიზა (pranšiza)
• German: Franchise (de)
• Greek: δικαιοχρησία f (dikaiochrisía)
• Hindi: फ्रेन्चाइज़ m (phrencāiz)
• Hungarian: franchise (hu)
• Indonesian: waralaba (id)
• Malay: francais
• Persian: فرانشیز (fa) (frânšiz)
• Polish: ajencja (pl) f, franczyza (pl) f
• Portuguese: franquia (pt) f, franchising (pt) m
• Russian: франши́за (ru) f (franšíza)
• Scottish Gaelic: còir f
• Spanish: franquicia (es) f
• Swedish: franchise (sv) c
• Tagalog: prangkisya
• Turkish: muhafiyet

business operating under such authorization

• Finnish: toimiluvan ottaja, luvakkeenottaja, franchising-ottaja, franchisen ottaja
• Galician: franquía f
• Hindi: फ्रेन्चाइज़ m (phrencāiz)
• Indonesian: waralaba (id)
• Portuguese: franquia (pt) f, franchise (pt) m
• Swedish: franchise (sv) c, franchisetagare c
• Thai: แฟรนไชส์ (th) (frɛɛn-chaai)

legal exemption from jurisdiction

• Finnish: poikkeuslupa
• Galician: franquía f
• Malay: francais
• Spanish: franquicia (es) f

membership of a corporation or state

• Finnish: osakkuus (fi) (of a corporation), kansalaisuus (fi) (of a state)

right to vote at a public election

• Bulgarian: избирателно право n (izbiratelno pravo)
• Danish: valgret c, stemmeret c
• Dutch: stemrecht (nl) n
• Finnish: äänioikeus (fi)
• French: droit de vote (fr) m
• German: Wahlrecht (de)
• Greek: δικαίωμα ψήφου n (dikaíoma psífou)
• Hungarian: választójog (hu)
• Irish: toghchóras m, ceart vótála m
• Italian: diritto di voto (it) m
• Malay: francais
• Scottish Gaelic: còir f
• Spanish: derecho a sufragio m, derecho de voto m, sufragio activo m, derecho de sufragio m
• Swedish: rösträtt (sv) c
• Turkish: oy hakkı (tr), oy verme hakkı
• Welsh: etholfraint

sports team and its history as entity

• Finnish: urheiluseura (fi)
• Malay: francais

collection of fictional works

• Catalan: franquícia f
• Dutch: franchise (nl) f
• French: franchise (fr) f
• Indonesian: waralaba (id)
• Japanese: フランチャイズ (ja) (furanchaizu)
• Portuguese: franquia (pt) f
• Swedish: franchise (sv) c, serie (sv) c

frankness

Etymology 2

From Middle English franchisen, fraunchisen, from Old French franchir (stem franchiss-, “to set free”), from franc (“free”). More at frank.

Verb

franchise (third-person singular simple present franchises, present participle franchising, simple past and past participle franchised)

1. (transitive) To confer certain powers on; grant a franchise to; authorize.
   • 2020 October 21, “Network News: No special agreements for open access operators”, in Rail, page 20:

     In a Commons Written Reply to Shadow Rail Minister Tan Dhesi, regarding any assessment of the impact on open access operators by the decision to move away from franchising […] , Heaton-Harris highlighted that non-franchised operators run trains without a contractual relationship with Government.

2. (transitive, rare) To set free; invest with a franchise or privilege; enfranchise.
3. (transitive) To give to others the rights to sell or distribute (goods or services).
   • 1974 April 13, “Lavender Line: Near Complete”, in Gay Community News, page 3:

     The ad originators are planning to franchise the campaign to gay groups all across the country.

   • 2008 December, James Matney, “Raise your glasses in lactoast to independent films”, in The Vox (The Spokesman-Review), page 3, column 1:

     This winter, there is a diverse buffet of movies for you to choose from. Most people order the widely franchised cheeseburger because of its biggie-sized portion, its reliably adequate flavor, and its bright, attractive packaging. Don’t get me wrong; on opening day, I’ll be sitting in the front row savoring the cheeseburgery deliciousness of “Quantum of Solace” and “Twilight.” But after the initial cinematic hunger subsides, the diner, like myself, who craves a heartier meal, will take a second trip through the buffet line and search for a meal with a more complex flavor and memorable substance.

Translations

to confer certain powers on

• Finnish: valtuuttaa (fi)
• Portuguese: franquiar (pt)
• Spanish: franquiciar (es)

Dutch

Etymology 1

Borrowed from French franchise.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /frɑnˈʃi.zə/
• Hyphenation: fran‧chi‧se

Noun

franchise f (plural franchises)

1. (law, finance) franchise (exemption from financial or legal obligation)

   Synonym: vrijstelling

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English franchise.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈfrɛn.tʃɑi̯s/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: fran‧chi‧se

Noun

franchise f (plural franchises)

1. (business) franchise (agreement between franchiser and franchisee)

Derived terms

• franchisegever
• franchisenemer

 

Further reading

• franchise on the Dutch Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^nl

Finnish

Etymology

From English franchise.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈfræntʃɑi̯s/, [ˈfræn̪.t̪ʃɑ̝i̯s̠]
• Rhymes: -æntʃɑis
  • final "e" becomes audible in the inflected forms and is pronounced as i /i/ in singular forms as well as in nominative plural and e /e/ in other plural forms. Otherwise the case suffixes are pronounced as in ordinary Finnish words. For example genitive singular becomes /ˈfrænt͡ʃɑisin/ and inessive plural /ˈfrænt͡ʃɑiseissɑ/. There may be considerable variation between individuals.

Noun

franchise

1. franchise (authorization granted by a company to sell or distribute its goods or services in a certain area)

   Synonym: luvake

Declension

Inflection of this word is challenging as it does not readily adapt to Finnish spelling conventions. In speech the pronouncing goes as if this was a "risti"-type noun with the exception that the final vowel in nominative singular is silent. In writing the original English spelling usually remains intact but there is variation in recording the case suffixes. Two options are shown below. The second one may look clumsy bit it eliminates guesswork from pronunciation. The part before apostrophe is pronounced as in English and the remainder as in Finnish.

Inflection of franchise (Kotus type 8/nalle, no gradation)
nominative		franchise	franchiset
genitive		franchisen	franchisejen
partitive		franchisea	franchiseja
illative		franchiseen	franchiseihin
		singular	plural
nominative		franchise	franchiset
accusative	nom.	franchise	franchiset
	gen.	franchisen
genitive		franchisen	franchisejen franchisein rare
partitive		franchisea	franchiseja
inessive		franchisessa	franchiseissa
elative		franchisesta	franchiseista
illative		franchiseen	franchiseihin
adessive		franchisella	franchiseilla
ablative		franchiselta	franchiseilta
allative		franchiselle	franchiseille
essive		franchisena	franchiseina
translative		franchiseksi	franchiseiksi
abessive		franchisetta	franchiseitta
instructive		—	franchisein
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of franchise (Kotus type 8/nalle, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative franchiseni franchiseni accusative nom. franchiseni franchiseni gen. franchiseni genitive franchiseni franchisejeni franchiseini rare partitive franchiseani franchisejani inessive franchisessani franchiseissani elative franchisestani franchiseistani illative franchiseeni franchiseihini adessive franchisellani franchiseillani ablative franchiseltani franchiseiltani allative franchiselleni franchiseilleni essive franchisenani franchiseinani translative franchisekseni franchiseikseni abessive franchisettani franchiseittani instructive — — comitative — franchiseineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative franchisesi franchisesi accusative nom. franchisesi franchisesi gen. franchisesi genitive franchisesi franchisejesi franchiseisi rare partitive franchiseasi franchisejasi inessive franchisessasi franchiseissasi elative franchisestasi franchiseistasi illative franchiseesi franchiseihisi adessive franchisellasi franchiseillasi ablative franchiseltasi franchiseiltasi allative franchisellesi franchiseillesi essive franchisenasi franchiseinasi translative franchiseksesi franchiseiksesi abessive franchisettasi franchiseittasi instructive — — comitative — franchiseinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative franchisemme franchisemme accusative nom. franchisemme franchisemme gen. franchisemme genitive franchisemme franchisejemme franchiseimme rare partitive franchiseamme franchisejamme inessive franchisessamme franchiseissamme elative franchisestamme franchiseistamme illative franchiseemme franchiseihimme adessive franchisellamme franchiseillamme ablative franchiseltamme franchiseiltamme allative franchisellemme franchiseillemme essive franchisenamme franchiseinamme translative franchiseksemme franchiseiksemme abessive franchisettamme franchiseittamme instructive — — comitative — franchiseinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative franchisenne franchisenne accusative nom. franchisenne franchisenne gen. franchisenne genitive franchisenne franchisejenne franchiseinne rare partitive franchiseanne franchisejanne inessive franchisessanne franchiseissanne elative franchisestanne franchiseistanne illative franchiseenne franchiseihinne adessive franchisellanne franchiseillanne ablative franchiseltanne franchiseiltanne allative franchisellenne franchiseillenne essive franchisenanne franchiseinanne translative franchiseksenne franchiseiksenne abessive franchisettanne franchiseittanne instructive — — comitative — franchiseinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative franchisensa franchisensa accusative nom. franchisensa franchisensa gen. franchisensa genitive franchisensa franchisejensa franchiseinsa rare partitive franchiseaan franchiseansa franchisejaan franchisejansa inessive franchisessaan franchisessansa franchiseissaan franchiseissansa elative franchisestaan franchisestansa franchiseistaan franchiseistansa illative franchiseensa franchiseihinsa adessive franchisellaan franchisellansa franchiseillaan franchiseillansa ablative franchiseltaan franchiseltansa franchiseiltaan franchiseiltansa allative franchiselleen franchisellensa franchiseilleen franchiseillensa essive franchisenaan franchisenansa franchiseinaan franchiseinansa translative franchisekseen franchiseksensa franchiseikseen franchiseiksensa abessive franchisettaan franchisettansa franchiseittaan franchiseittansa instructive — — comitative — franchiseineen franchiseinensa

Inflection of franchise (irregular) singular plural nominative franchise franchise’it genitive franchise’in franchise’ien partitive franchise’ia franchise’eja accusative franchise franchise’in franchise’it inessive franchise’issa franchise’eissa elative franchise’ista franchise’eista illative franchise’iin franchise’eihin adessive franchise’illa franchise’eilla ablative franchise’ilta franchise’eilta allative franchise’ille franchise’eille essive franchise’ina franchise’eina translative franchise’iksi franchise’eiksi abessive franchise’itta franchise’eitta instructive – franchise’ein comitative – franchise’eineen

Derived terms

• franchiseantaja
• franchiseottaja

French

Etymology

Inherited from Middle French, from Old French franchise (“freedom, privileged liberty”), from franc (“free”) + -ise (from Latin -itia).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fʁɑ̃.ʃiz/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Audio (Paris):

  (file)

Noun

franchise f (plural franchises)

1. (archaic) liberty, freedom

   Synonym: liberté

2. frankness, honesty

   Synonym: honnêteté

3. (insurance) excess (UK), deductible (US)
4. (business) franchise

Descendants

• → Polish: franczyza

Verb

franchise

1. inflection of franchiser:
   1. first/third-person singular present indicative/subjunctive
   2. second-person singular imperative

Further reading

• “franchise”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Anagrams

• franchies, frenchais

Middle English

Noun

franchise

1. freedom, franchise.
   • late 14th century, Geoffrey Chaucer, The Parson's Tale, The Canterbury Tales, section 27, line 452:

     Certes, goodes of body been hele of body, as strengthe, delivernesse, beautee, gentrye, franchise.

     Certainly, goods of body are health of body, strength, agility, beauty, gentle birth, freedom.

Old French

Etymology

franc, franche +‎ -ise.

Noun

franchise oblique singular, f (oblique plural franchises, nominative singular franchise, nominative plural franchises)

1. freedom (quality of being free)
2. nobleness; chivalry (quality of being noble or chivalrous)

Descendants

• → English: franchise
• French: franchise
• → Old Galician-Portuguese: franqueza
  • Galician: franqueza
  • Portuguese: franqueza

Portuguese

Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from English franchise.

Pronunciation

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /fɾɐ̃ˈʃaj.zɨ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /fɾɐ̃ˈʃaj.zɨ/
  • (Northern Portugal) IPA^(key): /fɾɐ̃ˈt͡ʃaj.zɨ/

Noun

franchise m (plural franchises)

1. franchise (business licensed to operate under a given business model and brand)

   Synonym: franquia

Swedish

Etymology

Borrowed from English franchise. First attested in 1972.

Noun

franchise c

1. franchise (authorization granted by a company to sell or distribute its goods or services in a certain area)
3. a franchise (franchisee)

   Synonym: franchisetagare

5. a franchise (collection of fictional works pertaining to a particular fictional universe)

   Synonym: (often) serie

Usage notes

Might be considered Anglicisms by some in (sense 2) and (sense 3), but fairly common.

Declension

Declension of franchise

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	franchise	franchises
	definite	franchisen	franchisens
plural	indefinite	franchiser	franchisers
	definite	franchiserna	franchisernas

Derived terms

• franchiseföretag
• franchisebasis
• franchisetagare

Related terms

• franchising

References

• franchise in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• franchise in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)