frustrar

Catalan

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin frūstrāre. First attested in 1405.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [fɾusˈtɾa]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [fɾusˈtɾaɾ]
• Rhymes: -a(ɾ)
• Hyphenation: frus‧trar

Verb

frustrar (first-person singular present frustro, first-person singular preterite frustrí, past participle frustrat)

1. (transitive) to frustrate

Conjugation

    Conjugation of frustrar (first conjugation)

infinitive			frustrar
gerund			frustrant
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		frustrat		frustrada
		plural		frustrats		frustrades
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	frustro	frustres	frustra	frustrem	frustreu	frustren
	imperfect	frustrava	frustraves	frustrava	frustràvem	frustràveu	frustraven
	future	frustraré	frustraràs	frustrarà	frustrarem	frustrareu	frustraran
	preterite	frustrí	frustrares	frustrà	frustràrem	frustràreu	frustraren
	conditional	frustraria	frustraries	frustraria	frustraríem	frustraríeu	frustrarien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	frustri	frustris	frustri	frustrem	frustreu	frustrin
	imperfect	frustrés	frustressis	frustrés	frustréssim	frustréssiu	frustressin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	frustra	frustri	frustrem	frustreu	frustrin
	negative (no)	—	no frustris	no frustri	no frustrem	no frustreu	no frustrin

Related terms

• frustració

Further reading

• “frustrar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “frustrar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “frustrar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Galician

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin frustrāre.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fɾusˈtɾaɾ/ [fɾus̺ˈt̪ɾaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Hyphenation: frus‧trar

Verb

frustrar (first-person singular present frustro, first-person singular preterite frustrei, past participle frustrado)

1. to frustrate

Conjugation

    Conjugation of frustrar

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	frustrar
Personal	frustrar	frustrares	frustrar	frustrarmos	frustrardes	frustraren
Gerund
	frustrando
Past participle
Masculine	frustrado			frustrados
Feminine	frustrada			frustradas
Indicative
Present	frustro	frustras	frustra	frustramos	frustrades	frustran
Imperfect	frustraba	frustrabas	frustraba	frustrabamos	frustrabades	frustraban
Preterite	frustrei	frustraches	frustrou	frustramos	frustrastes	frustraron
Pluperfect	frustrara	frustraras	frustrara	frustraramos	frustrarades	frustraran
Future	frustrarei	frustrarás	frustrará	frustraremos	frustraredes	frustrarán
Conditional	frustraría	frustrarías	frustraría	frustrariamos	frustrariades	frustrarían
Subjunctive
Present	frustre	frustres	frustre	frustremos	frustredes	frustren
Imperfect	frustrase	frustrases	frustrase	frustrásemos	frustrásedes	frustrasen
Future	frustrar	frustrares	frustrar	frustrarmos	frustrardes	frustraren
Imperative
Affirmative		frustra	frustre	frustremos	frustrade	frustren
Negative (non)		non frustres	non frustre	non frustremos	non frustredes	non frustren

    Reintegrated conjugation of frustrar (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	frustrar
Personal	frustrar	frustrares	frustrar	frustrarmos	frustrardes	frustrarem
Gerund
	frustrando
Past participle
Masculine	frustrado			frustrados
Feminine	frustrada			frustradas
Indicative
Present	frustro	frustras	frustra	frustramos	frustrades, frustrais	frustram
Imperfect	frustrava	frustravas	frustrava	frustrávamos	frustrávades, frustráveis, frustrávais1	frustravam
Preterite	frustrei	frustraste, frustrache1	frustrou	frustramos	frustrastes	frustrárom, frustraram
Pluperfect	frustrara	frustraras	frustrara	frustráramos	frustrárades, frustráreis, frustrárais1	frustraram
Future	frustrarei	frustrarás	frustrará	frustraremos	frustraredes, frustrareis	frustrarám, frustrarão
Conditional	frustraria	frustrarias	frustraria	frustraríamos	frustraríades, frustraríeis, frustraríais1	frustrariam
Subjunctive
Present	frustre	frustres	frustre	frustremos	frustredes, frustreis	frustrem
Imperfect	frustrasse	frustrasses	frustrasse	frustrássemos	frustrássedes, frustrásseis	frustrassem
Future	frustrar	frustrares	frustrar	frustrarmos	frustrardes	frustrarem
Imperative
Affirmative		frustra	frustre	frustremos	frustrade, frustrai	frustrem
Negative (nom)		nom frustres	nom frustre	nom frustremos	nom frustredes, nom frustreis	nom frustrem

¹Less recommended.

Related terms

• frustración
• frustrado
• frustrante

 

Further reading

• “frustrar”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2024
• “frustrar” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).

Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin frūstrāre (“to deceive, trick”).

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /fɾusˈtɾa(ʁ)/ [fɾusˈtɾa(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /fɾusˈtɾa(ʁ)/ [fɾusˈtɾa(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /fɾusˈtɾa(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /fɾuʃˈtɾa(ʁ)/ [fɾuʃˈtɾa(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /fɾusˈtɾa(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /fɾuʃˈtɾaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /fɾuʃˈtɾaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /fɾuʃˈtɾa.ɾi/

• Hyphenation: frus‧trar

Verb

frustrar (first-person singular present frustro, first-person singular preterite frustrei, past participle frustrado)

1. (transitive) to frustrate; to annoy (to cause mental stress)
2. (transitive) to frustrate; to thwart (to prevent from being successfully completed)

   Synonym: malograr

Conjugation

    Conjugation of frustrar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	frustrar
Personal	frustrar	frustrares	frustrar	frustrarmos	frustrardes	frustrarem
Gerund
	frustrando
Past participle
Masculine	frustrado			frustrados
Feminine	frustrada			frustradas
Indicative
Present	frustro	frustras	frustra	frustramos	frustrais	frustram
Imperfect	frustrava	frustravas	frustrava	frustrávamos	frustráveis	frustravam
Preterite	frustrei	frustraste	frustrou	frustramos1, frustrámos2	frustrastes	frustraram
Pluperfect	frustrara	frustraras	frustrara	frustráramos	frustráreis	frustraram
Future	frustrarei	frustrarás	frustrará	frustraremos	frustrareis	frustrarão
Conditional	frustraria	frustrarias	frustraria	frustraríamos	frustraríeis	frustrariam
Subjunctive
Present	frustre	frustres	frustre	frustremos	frustreis	frustrem
Imperfect	frustrasse	frustrasses	frustrasse	frustrássemos	frustrásseis	frustrassem
Future	frustrar	frustrares	frustrar	frustrarmos	frustrardes	frustrarem
Imperative
Affirmative		frustra	frustre	frustremos	frustrai	frustrem
Negative (não)		não frustres	não frustre	não frustremos	não frustreis	não frustrem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Related terms

• frustação
• frustado
• frustrador
• frustrâneo
• frustrante
• frustratório
• frustro

 

Further reading

• “frustrar”, in iDicionário Aulete (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2024
• “frustrar”, in Dicionário inFormal (in Portuguese), 2006–2024
• “frustrar” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913
• “frustrar”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2024
• “frustrar”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2024
• “frustrar”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2024

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin frūstrāre.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fɾusˈtɾaɾ/ [fɾusˈt̪ɾaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: frus‧trar

Verb

frustrar (first-person singular present frustro, first-person singular preterite frustré, past participle frustrado)

1. (transitive) to frustrate

Conjugation

    Conjugation of frustrar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			frustrar
gerund			frustrando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		frustrado		frustrada
		plural		frustrados		frustradas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	frustro	frustrastú frustrásvos	frustra	frustramos	frustráis	frustran
	imperfect	frustraba	frustrabas	frustraba	frustrábamos	frustrabais	frustraban
	preterite	frustré	frustraste	frustró	frustramos	frustrasteis	frustraron
	future	frustraré	frustrarás	frustrará	frustraremos	frustraréis	frustrarán
	conditional	frustraría	frustrarías	frustraría	frustraríamos	frustraríais	frustrarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	frustre	frustrestú frustrésvos2	frustre	frustremos	frustréis	frustren
	imperfect (ra)	frustrara	frustraras	frustrara	frustráramos	frustrarais	frustraran
	imperfect (se)	frustrase	frustrases	frustrase	frustrásemos	frustraseis	frustrasen
	future1	frustrare	frustrares	frustrare	frustráremos	frustrareis	frustraren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		frustratú frustrávos	frustre	frustremos	frustrad	frustren
	negative		no frustres	no frustre	no frustremos	no frustréis	no frustren

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of frustrar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive frustrar	dative	frustrarme	frustrarte	frustrarle, frustrarse	frustrarnos	frustraros	frustrarles, frustrarse
	accusative	frustrarme	frustrarte	frustrarlo, frustrarla, frustrarse	frustrarnos	frustraros	frustrarlos, frustrarlas, frustrarse
with gerund frustrando	dative	frustrándome	frustrándote	frustrándole, frustrándose	frustrándonos	frustrándoos	frustrándoles, frustrándose
	accusative	frustrándome	frustrándote	frustrándolo, frustrándola, frustrándose	frustrándonos	frustrándoos	frustrándolos, frustrándolas, frustrándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative frustra	dative	frústrame	frústrate	frústrale	frústranos	not used	frústrales
	accusative	frústrame	frústrate	frústralo, frústrala	frústranos	not used	frústralos, frústralas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative frustrá	dative	frustrame	frustrate	frustrale	frustranos	not used	frustrales
	accusative	frustrame	frustrate	frustralo, frustrala	frustranos	not used	frustralos, frustralas
with formal second-person singular imperative frustre	dative	frústreme	not used	frústrele, frústrese	frústrenos	not used	frústreles
	accusative	frústreme	not used	frústrelo, frústrela, frústrese	frústrenos	not used	frústrelos, frústrelas
with first-person plural imperative frustremos	dative	not used	frustrémoste	frustrémosle	frustrémonos	frustrémoos	frustrémosles
	accusative	not used	frustrémoste	frustrémoslo, frustrémosla	frustrémonos	frustrémoos	frustrémoslos, frustrémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative frustrad	dative	frustradme	not used	frustradle	frustradnos	frustraos	frustradles
	accusative	frustradme	not used	frustradlo, frustradla	frustradnos	frustraos	frustradlos, frustradlas
with formal second-person plural imperative frustren	dative	frústrenme	not used	frústrenle	frústrennos	not used	frústrenles, frústrense
	accusative	frústrenme	not used	frústrenlo, frústrenla	frústrennos	not used	frústrenlos, frústrenlas, frústrense

Related terms

• frustración
• frustrado

 

Further reading

• “frustrar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10