Wiktionary

fundo

See also: fundó

Catalan

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Verb

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fundo

  1. first-person singular present indicative of fundar

Esperanto

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Etymology

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From Latin fundus. Doublet of fono.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈfundo]
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -undo
  • Hyphenation: fun‧do

Noun

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fundo (accusative singular fundon, plural fundoj, accusative plural fundojn)

  1. bottom

Derived terms

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Galician

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Verb

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fundo

  1. first-person singular present indicative of fundir

Interlingua

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Noun

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fundo (plural fundos)

  1. base, bottom

Japanese

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Romanization

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fundo

  1. Rōmaji transcription of ふんど

Latin

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Proto-Italic *hundō or possibly *hʷundō (with fūsus for *fussus after fūdī), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰu-né-d(H)-ti, from the root *ǵʰew-d(H)- (“to pour”), extended from *ǵʰew-.

The change h- > f- is irregular (before -u-? Weiss, Outline, p. 77f.) and could be explained by a variant *hʷundō. Cognates include Ancient Greek χέω (khéō) and Old English ġēotan. (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)

Verb

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fundō (present infinitive fundere, perfect active fūdī, supine fūsum); third conjugation, limited passive

  1. (transitive) to pour out, shed
    Synonyms: effundō, confundō, diffundō, dēfundō, differō, indūcō, sternō, dissipō
  2. (military) to overthrow, overcome, rout, vanquish an enemy, rout, scatter
    Synonyms: conquestō, dēvincō, vincō, superō, domō, prōflīgō, caedō, obruō, prōsternō, sternō, opprimō, ēvincō, exsuperō, pellō, impellō, subiciō, premō, subigō, dissipō
  3. to throw or cast to the ground, prostrate
    Synonyms: prōsternō, sternō, prōflīgō, ruō
    • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 1.192–193:
      nec prius absistit quam septem ingentia victor
      corpora fundat humī et numerum cum nāvibus aequet.
      Nor does it stop before [Aeneas], [as] victor, throws seven huge bodies to the ground, and equals the number with his ships.
      (The deer hunt shows Aeneas’s potential to be a military leader; note Virgil’s use of the present anticipatory subjunctive – “fundat” and “aequet” – to express purposeful actions.)
  4. (transitive) to found, make by smelting
  5. (transitive, figuratively) to moisten, wet
  6. (transitive) to extend, spread out
    Synonym: sternō
  7. (transitive) to utter
Conjugation
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   Conjugation of fundō (third conjugation, only third-person forms in passive)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present fundō fundis fundit fundimus funditis fundunt
imperfect fundēbam fundēbās fundēbat fundēbāmus fundēbātis fundēbant
future fundam fundēs fundet fundēmus fundētis fundent
perfect fūdī fūdistī fūdit fūdimus fūdistis fūdērunt,
fūdēre
pluperfect fūderam fūderās fūderat fūderāmus fūderātis fūderant
future perfect fūderō fūderis fūderit fūderimus fūderitis fūderint
passive present — — funditur — — funduntur
imperfect — — fundēbātur — — fundēbantur
future — — fundētur — — fundentur
perfect — — fūsus est — — fūsī sunt
pluperfect — — fūsus erat — — fūsī erant
future perfect — — fūsus erit — — fūsī erunt
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present fundam fundās fundat fundāmus fundātis fundant
imperfect funderem funderēs funderet funderēmus funderētis funderent
perfect fūderim fūderīs fūderit fūderīmus fūderītis fūderint
pluperfect fūdissem fūdissēs fūdisset fūdissēmus fūdissētis fūdissent
passive present — — fundātur — — fundantur
imperfect — — funderētur — — funderentur
perfect — — fūsus sit — — fūsī sint
pluperfect — — fūsus esset,
fūsus foret 		— — fūsī essent,
fūsī forent
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — funde — — fundite —
future — funditō funditō — funditōte funduntō
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives fundere fūdisse fūsūrum esse fundī fūsum esse fūsum īrī
participles fundēns — fūsūrus — fūsus fundendus,
fundundus
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
fundendī fundendō fundendum fundendō fūsum fūsū
Derived terms
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Descendants
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  • Catalan: fondre
  • French: fondre
  • Friulian: fondi
  • Italian: fondere
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: fondir
  • Sardinian: fundere
  • Sicilian: fùnniri
  • Spanish: hundir
  • Venetan: fóndar

Possible Latinisms:

Early borrowings:

References

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  • “fundo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “fundo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • fundo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • fundo in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2024), Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • the earth brings forth fruit abundantly: terra fundit fruges
    • to write poetry with facility: carmina , versus fundere (De Or. 3. 50)
    • property in land; real property: fundi
    • to rout the enemy's forces: fundere hostium copias
    • to utterly rout the enemy: caedere et fundere hostem
    • to utterly rout the enemy: fundere et fugare hostem
  • Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
  • Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “fŭndere”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volumes 3: D–F, page 863

Etymology 2

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From fundus (“bottom, lowest point”).

Verb

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fundō (present infinitive fundāre, perfect active fundāvī, supine fundātum); first conjugation

  1. (transitive) to found, establish, lay the foundation
    Synonyms: exaedificō, inaedificō, aedificō, condō, struō, cōnstruō, compōnō, cōnstituō, statuō, mōlior
  2. (transitive, figuratively) to secure, make firm
Conjugation
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   Conjugation of fundō (first conjugation)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present fundō fundās fundat fundāmus fundātis fundant
imperfect fundābam fundābās fundābat fundābāmus fundābātis fundābant
future fundābō fundābis fundābit fundābimus fundābitis fundābunt
perfect fundāvī fundāvistī fundāvit fundāvimus fundāvistis fundāvērunt,
fundāvēre
pluperfect fundāveram fundāverās fundāverat fundāverāmus fundāverātis fundāverant
future perfect fundāverō fundāveris fundāverit fundāverimus fundāveritis fundāverint
passive present fundor fundāris,
fundāre 		fundātur fundāmur fundāminī fundantur
imperfect fundābar fundābāris,
fundābāre 		fundābātur fundābāmur fundābāminī fundābantur
future fundābor fundāberis,
fundābere 		fundābitur fundābimur fundābiminī fundābuntur
perfect fundātus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect fundātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect fundātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present fundem fundēs fundet fundēmus fundētis fundent
imperfect fundārem fundārēs fundāret fundārēmus fundārētis fundārent
perfect fundāverim fundāverīs fundāverit fundāverīmus fundāverītis fundāverint
pluperfect fundāvissem fundāvissēs fundāvisset fundāvissēmus fundāvissētis fundāvissent
passive present funder fundēris,
fundēre 		fundētur fundēmur fundēminī fundentur
imperfect fundārer fundārēris,
fundārēre 		fundārētur fundārēmur fundārēminī fundārentur
perfect fundātus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect fundātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — fundā — — fundāte —
future — fundātō fundātō — fundātōte fundantō
passive present — fundāre — — fundāminī —
future — fundātor fundātor — — fundantor
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives fundāre fundāvisse fundātūrum esse fundārī fundātum esse fundātum īrī
participles fundāns — fundātūrus — fundātus fundandus
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
fundandī fundandō fundandum fundandō fundātum fundātū
Derived terms
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Descendants
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Noun

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fundō

  1. dative/ablative singular of fundus

References

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Portuguese

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Old Galician-Portuguese fundo, fondo, from Latin fundus (“bottom”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰudʰmḗn.

Adjective

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fundo (feminine funda, masculine plural fundos, feminine plural fundas)

  1. deep (having its bottom far down)
    Synonym: profundo
    Antonyms: raso, superficial
Derived terms
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Noun

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fundo m (plural fundos)

  1. bottom
    Antonyms: cume, superfície, topo
  2. background (a part of the picture that depicts scenery to the rear or behind the main subject)
  3. fund
  4. (finance, insurance) capital (money and wealth)
  5. (sports) long-distance
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

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fundo

  1. first-person singular present indicative of fundar
    fundo uma instituição ― I am founding an institution

Etymology 3

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

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fundo

  1. first-person singular present indicative of fundir
    fundo ouro ― I am smelting gold

Further reading

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Spanish

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈfundo/ [ˈfũn̪.d̪o]
  • Rhymes: -undo
  • Syllabification: fun‧do

Etymology 1

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Borrowed from Latin fundus. Doublet of fondo.

Noun

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fundo m (plural fundos)

  1. country estate, farm
    Synonym: finca
    • 1915, Julio Vicuña Cifuentes, Mitos y Supersticiones Recogidos de la Tradición Oral Chilena, page 197:
      La primitiva dueña de este fundo, una señora viuda de mucha virtud, hermosura y dinero, buscando la manera unir ambas secciones de su propiedad, pactó con el Diablo la construcción del puente dicho.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

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fundo

  1. first-person singular present indicative of fundar

Etymology 3

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

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fundo

  1. first-person singular present indicative of fundir

Further reading

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Swahili

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fundo

Etymology

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From Proto-Bantu [Term?].

Pronunciation

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Noun

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fundo class V (plural mafundo class VI)

  1. a knot (looping of string)
  2. a joint of the body
  3. a cluster (group or bunch of things)
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