Wiktionary

gal

See also: Gal, GAL, Gâl, Gál, gäl, gal., -gal, gal-, Gal., and Gał
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English

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From gallon.

Noun

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gal (plural gal or gals)

  1. Abbreviation of gallon.

Etymology 2

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Borrowed from Jamaican Creole gyal (“girl”), from English girl.

Noun

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gal (plural gals)

  1. (colloquial) A young woman.
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:girl
    Coordinate term: guy
Derived terms
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Descendants
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  • → Icelandic: gella
  • → Japanese: ギャル (gyaru)

Etymology 3

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Shortened from galileo.

Noun

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gal (plural gals, symbol Gal)

  1. A galileo (unit of acceleration).

See also

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etymologically unrelated terms containing "gal"

Anagrams

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Afrikaans

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Etymology

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From Dutch gal. Cognate to English gall.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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gal (uncountable)

  1. The bodily fluid bile

Bouyei

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Etymology

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From Proto-Tai *p.qaːᴬ (“leg”). Cognate with Thai ขา (kǎa), Northern Thai ᨡᩣ, Lao ຂາ (khā), Lü ᦃᦱ (ẋaa), Shan ၶႃ (khǎa), Tai Nüa ᥑᥣᥴ (xáa), Ahom 𑜁𑜡 (khā), Zhuang ga.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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gal

  1. (anatomy) leg; foot

Catalan

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Pronunciation

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Adjective

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gal (feminine gal·la, masculine plural gals, feminine plural gal·les)

  1. Gaulish, Gallic (of or pertaining to Gaul)
    Synonym: gàl·lic

Noun

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gal m (plural gals, feminine gal·la)

  1. Gaul (a person from Gaul)

Noun

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gal m (uncountable)

  1. Gaulish (Celtic language that was spoken in Gaul)
    Synonym: gàl·lic
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Further reading

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Chinese

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Etymology

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Short for galgame, borrowed from Japanese ギャルゲーム (gyaru gēmu), which is wasei eigo (和製英語; pseudo-anglicism), derived from gal +‎ game.

Noun

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gal

  1. (ACG, video games) galge (video or computer game centered around interactions with attractive anime-style girls)
    推gal  ―  tuī gal  ―  to play galge

Danish

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ɡaːˀl/, [ˈɡ̊æˀl]

Etymology 1

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From Old Danish galæn, from Old Norse galinn (“enchanted, mad”), a past participle of gala (“to sing, chant”) (Danish gale (“to crow”)).

Adjective

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gal (neuter galt, plural and definite singular attributive gale)

  1. crazy, mad, insane (mentally ill)
  2. mad, angry (showing temper)
  3. wrong (not the right one)
  4. bad

References

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Etymology 2

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From Old Norse gal (“shouting”), derived from the verb gala (“to sing, chant”) (Danish gale (“to crow”)).

Noun

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gal n (singular definite galet, plural indefinite gal)

  1. crow (the sound of a cock)
Declension
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Declension of gal
neuter
gender 		Singular Plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative gal galet gal galene
genitive gals galets gals galenes

References

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Etymology 3

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

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gal

  1. imperative of gale

Dutch

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Middle Dutch galle, from Old Dutch galla, from Proto-Germanic *gallō.

Noun

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gal f (uncountable)

  1. bile, gall (yellow-green bodily fluid secreted by the liver)
  2. bile, anger, wrath
Derived terms
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Descendants
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  • Afrikaans: gal
  • Berbice Creole Dutch: gali
  • Negerhollands: gal
  • → Papiamentu: hal, gal

Etymology 2

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Ultimately from Latin galla. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Noun

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gal f (plural gallen, diminutive galletje n)

  1. a gall (abnormal growth on a plant caused by foreign organisms)
Derived terms
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Anagrams

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Emilian

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Emiliano-Romagnolo Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia eml

Etymology

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From Latin gallus.

Noun

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gal m

  1. cock

French

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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gal m (plural gals)

  1. a unit of acceleration equal to one centimetre per second per second

Icelandic

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Etymology

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From gala (“to crow”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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gal n (genitive singular gals, no plural)

  1. crowing (of a rooster)
  2. yelling

Declension

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Declension of gal (sg-only neuter)
singular
indefinite definite
nominative gal galið
accusative gal galið
dative gali galinu
genitive gals galsins

Irish

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Etymology

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From Old Irish gal, from Proto-Celtic *galā (“ability”) (compare Welsh gallu (“be able”)).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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gal f or m (genitive singular gaile, nominative plural gala)

  1. warlike ardor
  2. valor, fury
  3. vapor, steam
  4. boiling heat
  5. puff, whiff (of smoke, hot air)
  6. fit, bout, turn
  7. demand

Declension

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Declension of gal (second declension)
bare forms
case singular plural
nominative gal gala
vocative a ghal a ghala
genitive gaile gal
dative gal gala
forms with the definite article
case singular plural
nominative an ghal na gala
genitive na gaile na ngal
dative leis an ngal
don ghal 		leis na gala

Derived terms

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Noun

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gal m (genitive singular gail, nominative plural gala)

  1. blusterer
    Synonyms: bliústar, bolscaire, galach

Declension

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Declension of gal (first declension)
bare forms
case singular plural
nominative gal g~a
vocative a ghail a ghala
genitive gail gal
dative gal g~a
forms with the definite article
case singular plural
nominative an gal na g~a
genitive an ghail na ngal
dative leis an ngal
don ghal 		leis na g~a

Mutation

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Mutated forms of gal
radical lenition eclipsis
gal ghal ngal

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

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Lithuanian

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Etymology

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A shortening derived from "gali (“it may”) būti (“be”)".

Pronunciation

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Conjunction

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gál

  1. maybe, perhaps
    Synonym: galbūt

Middle English

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Old English gāl (“lustful, wanton”), from Proto-West Germanic *gail, from Proto-Germanic *gailaz.

Adjective

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gal (Early Middle English)

  1. lascivious, lustful
    • c. 1225, “Oðer dale: fif ƿittes”, in Ancrene Ƿiſſe (MS. Corpus Christi 402)‎[1], Herefordshire, published c. 1235, folio 15, verso; republished at Cambridge: Parker Library on the Web, 2018 January:
      naƿt ane euch fleſchlich hondlunge: ah ȝetten euch gal ƿoꝛd: iſ ladlich vilainie […]
      Not just each amorous caress, but even each lustful word is revolting depravity […]
    • Sweche pinen he þolien schal þat her wes of his fles ful gal And wolde louien his fleses wil. — Eleven Pains of Hell, 1300
  2. overly fond of
    Gripes freteþ hoere mawen And hoere inward everuidel, Ne be þe þarof no so gal, Eft hoe werpeþ al in al. — Eleven Pains of Hell, 1300

Derived terms

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References

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Nalca

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Noun

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gal

  1. tree

Norwegian Bokmål

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Etymology 1

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From Old Norse galinn, from gala (“sing bewitching songs, in actuality bewitched by magical singing”).

Adjective

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gal (neuter singular galt, definite singular and plural gale, comparative galere, indefinite superlative galest, definite superlative galeste)

  1. insane; crazy; out of one's mind; mad
  2. incorrect; erroneous; wrong; illegal; morally reproachable
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Related to the verb gale.

Noun

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gal n (definite singular galet, indefinite plural gal, definite plural gala or galene)

  1. crow ((instance of) rooster's crowing)
Derived terms
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Etymology 3

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

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gal

  1. imperative of gale

References

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Anagrams

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Norwegian Nynorsk

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Etymology 1

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From gala (“to howl”).

Noun

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gal n (definite singular galet, indefinite plural gal, definite plural gala)

  1. a crow, howl, scream
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Etymology 2

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Abbreviation.

Proper noun

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gal (upper case Gal)

  1. Abbreviation of galatarbrevet.

Etymology 3

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Possibly from English. An abbreviation.

Symbol

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gal

  1. symbol used to represent a gallon

Etymology 4

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

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gal

  1. imperative of gala

References

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Etymology 5

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Adjective

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gal (masculine and feminine gal, neuter galt, definite singular and plural gale, comparative galare, indefinite superlative galast, definite superlative galaste)

  1. (nonstandard) galen

Etymology 6

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Noun

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gal m

  1. (eye dialect spelling, Trøndelag, Eastern Norway) Alternative spelling of gard (“farm”)

Anagrams

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Occitan

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Etymology

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From Latin gallus.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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gal m (plural gals)

  1. A cock, rooster
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References

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  • Müller, Daniela. 2011. Developments of the lateral in Occitan dialects and their Romance and cross-linguistic context. Ph.D. Dissertation. University of Toulouse.
  1. ^ Müller 2011: 43. Likewise for the other three pronunciations.

Old English

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Etymology

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From Proto-West Germanic *gail.

Cognate with Old Saxon gēl, Dutch geil (“salacious, lustful”), Old High German geil (German geil (“lustful”)), Old Norse geiligr (“beautiful”). The Indo-European root may also be the source of Lithuanian gailùs (“sharp, biting”), Russian зело́ (zeló, “very”).

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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gāl (comparative gālra, superlative gālost)

  1. wanton, lustful; wicked
    • And se Iouis wearð swa swyðe gal þæt he on his agenre swyster gewifode.
      And Jove became so depraved that he married his own sister.
      (Wulfstan, De Falsis Deis)

Declension

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Declension of gāl — Strong
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative gāl gāl gāl
Accusative gālne gāle gāl
Genitive gāles gālre gāles
Dative gālum gālre gālum
Instrumental gāle gālre gāle
Plural Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative gāle gāla, gāle gāl
Accusative gāle gāla, gāle gāl
Genitive gālra gālra gālra
Dative gālum gālum gālum
Instrumental gālum gālum gālum
Declension of gāl — Weak
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative gāla gāle gāle
Accusative gālan gālan gāle
Genitive gālan gālan gālan
Dative gālan gālan gālan
Instrumental gālan gālan gālan
Plural Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative gālan gālan gālan
Accusative gālan gālan gālan
Genitive gālra, gālena gālra, gālena gālra, gālena
Dative gālum gālum gālum
Instrumental gālum gālum gālum

Descendants

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  • Middle English: gal, gol
    • English: gole (dialectal)

Old French

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Uncertain. Perhaps from Transalpine Gaulish *gallos.

Noun

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gal oblique singular, m (oblique plural gaus or gax or gals, nominative singular gaus or gax or gals, nominative plural gal)

  1. a rock

Derived terms

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References

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Old Irish

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Etymology

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From Proto-Celtic *galā.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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gal f (genitive gaile)

  1. ardor
  2. fury
  3. valor
    • c. 760 Blathmac mac Con Brettan, published in "A study of the lexicon of the poems of Blathmac Son of Cú Brettan" (2017; PhD thesis, National University of Ireland Maynooth), edited and with translations by Siobhán Barrett, stanza 130
      Co rígaib ránaib cét ngal   co láthib do·ruíchetar.
      With the noble kings of a hundred feats of valour,   they have taken revenge with warriors.

Inflection

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Feminine ā-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative galL gailL galaH
Vocative galL gailL galaH
Accusative gailN gailL galaH
Genitive gaileH galL galN
Dative gailL galaib galaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Derived terms

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Unclassified terms derived from gal

Many derivatives of gal serve as verbal nouns to compounds of fichid (“to fight”).

Verbal nouns derived from gal

Gal is also a common as the second element of male given names in Old Irish. Despite all these given names being male, they inherit gal's feminine ā-stem declension.

Given names derived from gal

Descendants

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  • Middle Irish: gal
    • Irish: gal
    • Scottish Gaelic: gal

Mutation

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Mutation of gal
radical lenition nasalization
gal gal
pronounced with /ɣ(ʲ)-/ 		ngal

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

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Old Norse

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Verb

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gal

  1. second-person singular present active imperative of gala

Polish

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Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Latin.

Noun

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Chemical element
Ga
Previous: cynk (Zn)
Next: german (Ge)

gal m inan

  1. gallium
Declension
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Declension of gal
singular
nominative gal
genitive galu
dative galowi
accusative gal
instrumental galem
locative galu
vocative galu

Etymology 2

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Named in honour of Galileo Galilei

Noun

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gal m inan

  1. A galileo
Declension
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Declension of gal
singular plural
nominative gal gale
genitive gala gali
dative galowi galom
accusative gal gale
instrumental galem galami
locative galu galach
vocative galu gale

Etymology 3

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

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gal

  1. genitive plural of gala

Further reading

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  • gal in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • gal in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Rohingya

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Alternative forms

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Noun

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gal (Hanifi spelling 𐴒𐴝𐴓𐴢)

  1. mouth

Romagnol

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FWOTD – 21 April 2013

Etymology

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From Latin găllum (“rooster”), accusative of Latin gallus (“rooster”).

Pronunciation

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  • (Central Romagnol): IPA(key): [ˈɡaɐ̯l]

Noun

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gal m (plural ghël)

  1. rooster (male domestic fowl)
    September 2012, Loris Pasini, E’ gal in la Ludla, il Papiro, page 15:
    E’ gal.
    The rooster.

References

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  • Masotti, Adelmo (1996) Vocabolario Romagnolo Italiano [Romagnol-Italian dictionary] (in Italian), Bologna: Zanichelli, page 246

Romanian

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed from Latin Gallus.

Noun

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gal m (plural gali)

  1. a Gaul

Etymology 2

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Borrowed from French gal.

Noun

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gal m (plural gali)

  1. (physics) unit of measurement of acceleration, equal to 1 centimeter per second squared

See also

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Scottish Gaelic

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

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gal m (genitive singular gail, plural gail)

  1. verbal noun of gail (“cry, weep”)
  2. (act of) crying, wailing
  3. wail

Etymology 2

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From Old Irish gal (“warlike ardour, fury, valour”).

Noun

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gal m (genitive singular gail, plural gail)

  1. burst of light/heat
  2. ardour
  3. valour
  4. fury
  5. vapour, steam

Mutation

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Mutation of gal
radical lenition
gal ghal

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

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  • Edward Dwelly (1911) “gal”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎[2], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
  • Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 gal”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Serbo-Croatian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *galъ.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ɡâːl/
  • Hyphenation: gal

Adjective

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gȃl (Cyrillic spelling га̑л)

  1. (dated) black, dark (physical attributes)
  2. (dated) dark fur

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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Somali

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Verb

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gal

  1. enter
    musqusha gal ― enter the toilet

Sumerian

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Romanization

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gal

  1. Romanization of 𒃲 (gal)

Swedish

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Verb

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gal

  1. inflection of gala:
    1. present indicative
    2. imperative

Anagrams

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Zou

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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gal

  1. war

References

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  • Lukram Himmat Singh (2013) A Descriptive Grammar of Zou, Canchipur: Manipur University, page 44
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