gyakorol
Hungarian
editEtymology
editFrom the dialectal adjective gyakor (“many, frequent”) + -ol.
Pronunciation
editVerb
editgyakorol
- (transitive, intransitive) to practice, exercise, train
- (transitive) to follow, pursue (a trade, occupation, or profession)
- (transitive) to practice (religion)
- Synonym: követ
- In light-verb constructions, chiefly in journalistic style:
- (transitive) to exert (influence, effect, pressure, control, power, [self-]censorship)
- (transitive, figuratively) to cast (a spell on someone)
- (transitive) to exercise (rights)
- Synonyms: érvényesít, él
- (transitive) to make (some impression)
- Synonym: tesz
- (transitive) to perform (self-criticism)
- (transitive) to practice (charity)
Conjugation
editconjugation of gyakorol
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | gyakorlok or gyakorolok |
gyakorolsz | gyakorol | gyakorlunk or gyakorolunk |
gyakoroltok | gyakorolnak | |
Def. | gyakorlom or gyakorolom |
gyakorlod or gyakorolod |
gyakorolja | gyakoroljuk | gyakoroljátok | gyakorolják | |||
2nd-p. o. | gyakorollak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | gyakoroltam | gyakoroltál | gyakorolt | gyakoroltunk | gyakoroltatok | gyakoroltak | ||
Def. | gyakoroltam | gyakoroltad | gyakorolta | gyakoroltuk | gyakoroltátok | gyakorolták | |||
2nd-p. o. | gyakoroltalak | ― | |||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. gyakorolni fog. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | gyakorlék or gyakorolék | gyakorlál or gyakorolál | gyakorla or gyakorola | gyakorlánk or gyakorolánk | gyakorlátok or gyakorolátok | gyakorlának or gyakorolának | ||
Def. | gyakorlám or gyakorolám | gyakorlád or gyakorolád | gyakorlá or gyakorolá | gyakorlánk or gyakorolánk | gyakorlátok or gyakorolátok | gyakorlák or gyakorolák | |||
2nd-p. o. | gyakorlálak or gyakorolálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. gyakorol vala, gyakorolt vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | gyakorlandok | gyakorlandasz | gyakorland | gyakorlandunk | gyakorlandotok | gyakorlandanak | ||
Def. | gyakorlandom | gyakorlandod | gyakorlandja | gyakorlandjuk | gyakorlandjátok | gyakorlandják | |||
2nd-p. o. | gyakorlandalak | ― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | gyakorolnék | gyakorolnál | gyakorolna | gyakorolnánk | gyakorolnátok | gyakorolnának | |
Def. | gyakorolnám | gyakorolnád | gyakorolná | gyakorolnánk (or gyakorolnók) |
gyakorolnátok | gyakorolnák | |||
2nd-p. o. | gyakorolnálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. gyakorolt volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | gyakoroljak | gyakorolj or gyakoroljál |
gyakoroljon | gyakoroljunk | gyakoroljatok | gyakoroljanak | |
Def. | gyakoroljam | gyakorold or gyakoroljad |
gyakorolja | gyakoroljuk | gyakoroljátok | gyakorolják | |||
2nd-p. o. | gyakoroljalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. gyakorolt légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | gyakorolni | gyakorolnom | gyakorolnod | gyakorolnia | gyakorolnunk | gyakorolnotok | gyakorolniuk | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
gyakorlás | gyakorló or gyakoroló | gyakorolt | gyakorlandó or gyakorolandó | gyakorolva (gyakorolván) | gyakoroltat | ||||
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs). | |||||||||
potential conjugation of gyakorol
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | gyakorolhatok | gyakorolhatsz | gyakorolhat | gyakorolhatunk | gyakorolhattok | gyakorolhatnak | |
Def. | gyakorolhatom | gyakorolhatod | gyakorolhatja | gyakorolhatjuk | gyakorolhatjátok | gyakorolhatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | gyakorolhatlak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | gyakorolhattam | gyakorolhattál | gyakorolhatott | gyakorolhattunk | gyakorolhattatok | gyakorolhattak | ||
Def. | gyakorolhattam | gyakorolhattad | gyakorolhatta | gyakorolhattuk | gyakorolhattátok | gyakorolhatták | |||
2nd-p. o. | gyakorolhattalak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | gyakorolhaték | gyakorolhatál | gyakorolhata | gyakorolhatánk | gyakorolhatátok | gyakorolhatának | ||
Def. | gyakorolhatám | gyakorolhatád | gyakorolhatá | gyakorolhatánk | gyakorolhatátok | gyakorolhaták | |||
2nd-p. o. | gyakorolhatálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. gyakorolhat vala, gyakorolhatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | gyakorolhatandok or gyakorlandhatok |
gyakorolhatandasz or gyakorlandhatsz |
gyakorolhatand or gyakorlandhat |
gyakorolhatandunk or gyakorlandhatunk |
gyakorolhatandotok or gyakorlandhattok |
gyakorolhatandanak or gyakorlandhatnak | ||
Def. | gyakorolhatandom or gyakorlandhatom |
gyakorolhatandod or gyakorlandhatod |
gyakorolhatandja or gyakorlandhatja |
gyakorolhatandjuk or gyakorlandhatjuk |
gyakorolhatandjátok or gyakorlandhatjátok |
gyakorolhatandják or gyakorlandhatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | gyakorolhatandalak or gyakorlandhatlak |
― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | gyakorolhatnék | gyakorolhatnál | gyakorolhatna | gyakorolhatnánk | gyakorolhatnátok | gyakorolhatnának | |
Def. | gyakorolhatnám | gyakorolhatnád | gyakorolhatná | gyakorolhatnánk (or gyakorolhatnók) |
gyakorolhatnátok | gyakorolhatnák | |||
2nd-p. o. | gyakorolhatnálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. gyakorolhatott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | gyakorolhassak | gyakorolhass or gyakorolhassál |
gyakorolhasson | gyakorolhassunk | gyakorolhassatok | gyakorolhassanak | |
Def. | gyakorolhassam | gyakorolhasd or gyakorolhassad |
gyakorolhassa | gyakorolhassuk | gyakorolhassátok | gyakorolhassák | |||
2nd-p. o. | gyakorolhassalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. gyakorolhatott légyen | ||||||||
Inf. | (gyakorolhatni) | (gyakorolhatnom) | (gyakorolhatnod) | (gyakorolhatnia) | (gyakorolhatnunk) | (gyakorolhatnotok) | (gyakorolhatniuk) | ||
Positive adjective | gyakorolható | Neg. adj. | gyakorolhatatlan | Adv. part. | (gyakorolhatva / gyakorolhatván) | ||||
Derived terms
edit(With verbal prefixes):
Further reading
edit- gyakorol in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Categories:
- Hungarian verbs suffixed with -ol
- Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hungarian terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Hungarian/ol
- Rhymes:Hungarian/ol/3 syllables
- Hungarian lemmas
- Hungarian verbs
- Hungarian transitive verbs
- Hungarian intransitive verbs
- Hungarian journalistic terms
- Hungarian verbs with alternating stems