hraustur

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse hraustr, from Proto-Germanic *hraustaz (“strong, active”).

An older theory by Pokorny derives the Old Norse from Proto-Indo-European *kreu- (“to shake, wave around”), comparing Tocharian A kru (“reed”), Tocharian B kärwats, Lithuanian krutéti (“to move”) (though this is now considered dated).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈr̥øystʏr/

  Rhymes: -øystʏr

Adjective

hraustur (comparative hraustari, superlative hraustastur)

1. healthy, well

   Synonyms: heilsugóður, hress

2. brave, valiant

   Synonyms: harður, vaskur, hugrakkur

3. strong

   Synonym: sterkur

Declension

    positive (strong declension)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	hraustur	hraust	hraust
accusative	hraustan	hrausta	hraust
dative	hraustum	hraustri	hraustu
genitive	hrausts	hraustrar	hrausts
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	hraustir	hraustar	hraust
accusative	hrausta	hraustar	hraust
dative	hraustum	hraustum	hraustum
genitive	hraustra	hraustra	hraustra

    positive (weak declension)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	hrausti	hrausta	hrausta
accusative	hrausta	hraustu	hrausta
dative	hrausta	hraustu	hrausta
genitive	hrausta	hraustu	hrausta
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	hraustu	hraustu	hraustu
accusative	hraustu	hraustu	hraustu
dative	hraustu	hraustu	hraustu
genitive	hraustu	hraustu	hraustu

    comparative

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	hraustari	hraustari	hraustara
accusative	hraustari	hraustari	hraustara
dative	hraustari	hraustari	hraustara
genitive	hraustari	hraustari	hraustara
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	hraustari	hraustari	hraustari
accusative	hraustari	hraustari	hraustari
dative	hraustari	hraustari	hraustari
genitive	hraustari	hraustari	hraustari

    superlative (strong declension)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	hraustastur	hraustust	hraustast
accusative	hraustastan	hraustasta	hraustast
dative	hraustustum	hraustastri	hraustustu
genitive	hraustasts	hraustastrar	hraustasts
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	hraustastir	hraustastar	hraustust
accusative	hraustasta	hraustastar	hraustust
dative	hraustustum	hraustustum	hraustustum
genitive	hraustastra	hraustastra	hraustastra

    superlative (weak declension)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	hraustasti	hraustasta	hraustasta
accusative	hraustasta	hraustustu	hraustasta
dative	hraustasta	hraustustu	hraustasta
genitive	hraustasta	hraustustu	hraustasta
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	hraustustu	hraustustu	hraustustu
accusative	hraustustu	hraustustu	hraustustu
dative	hraustustu	hraustustu	hraustustu
genitive	hraustustu	hraustustu	hraustustu

Further reading

• Ásgeir Blöndal Magnússon (1989) “hraustur”, in Íslensk orðsifjabók, Reykjavík: Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies, →ISBN (Available at Málið.is under the “Eldri orðabækur” tab.)