Wiktionary

hy

See also: Appendix:Variations of "hy"

Translingual

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Symbol

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hy

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-1 language code for Armenian.

Afrikaans

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Dutch hij, from Middle Dutch hi, from Old Dutch hie, hē, from Proto-Germanic *hiz.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ɦəi/, [ɦə̟i̯]
  • Audio:(file)

Pronoun

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hy (object hom, possessive sy)

  1. third-person singular subject pronoun
    1. he (referring to a male person)
      Hy sien my nie.
      He can’t see me.
    2. it (referring to a non-personal noun)
      Ek het die boek gelees, maar hy is baie moeilik om te volg.
      I’ve read the book, but it is very difficult to follow.

Synonyms

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See also

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Afrikaans personal pronouns
subjective objective possessive determiner possessive pronoun
singular 1st ek my myne
2nd jy jou joune
2nd, formal u u s’n
3rd, masc hy hom sy syne
3rd, fem sy haar hare
3rd, neut dit sy syne
plural 1st ons ons s’n
2nd julle / jul1 julle s’n
3rd hulle / hul1 hulle s’n
1. The forms jul and hul are unstressed variants. They are used mostly in possessive function, but also otherwise, chiefly when the pronoun is repeated within the same sentence.

Canela

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Etymology

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From Proto-Northern Jê *ˀcy (“seed”) < Proto-Cerrado *cym (“seed”) < Proto-Jê *cym (“seed”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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hy

  1. seed
    Hũmre ata amji mã ampeaj kam hãn ne ampo hy ata kre.
    That man quietly peacefully plants those seeds (without shouting or arguments).
  2. penis
    Synonym: jixôt

Cornish

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Etymology 1

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From Proto-Celtic *sī (compare Welsh hi).

Alternative forms

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Pronoun

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hy

  1. she, her

Etymology 2

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From Proto-Brythonic *eið, from *esyās f; compare Old Irish a (“his, her, its, their”) and अस्यास् (asyā́s, “her”).

Pronunciation

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Determiner

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hy

  1. (possessive) her, its (with reference to feminine nouns; triggers aspirate mutation of following consonant)
    hy has hi
    her seeds

Pronoun

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hy

  1. her, it (with reference to feminine nouns; as object of a verbal noun; triggers aspirate mutation of following consonant)
    My vedn hy fe hei.
    I will pay her.
    Ny wonn hy hegi.
    I do not know how to cook it.
Usage notes
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  • Dual marking of possession is possible by adding hi/hei after the noun or verbal noun which hy precedes. Although originally a form of emphasis, in Late Cornish this structure had largely lost its emphatic meaning.
  • In Late Cornish, masculine y and feminine hy had become homophonic with the pronunciation /i/.

Noun

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hy

  1. Aspirate mutation of ky.

Demotic

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Etymology 1

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From Egyptian
hiD52A1
 (hj, “husband”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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 ⁠ ⁠  m

  1. husband
Descendants
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  • Coptic: ϩⲁⲓ (hai) (Sahidic, Bohairic), ϩⲉⲓ (hei) (Fayyumic, Akhmimic), ϩⲉⲉⲓ (heei) (Lycopolitan)

Etymology 2

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From Egyptian
hAD54
 (hꜣj, “to descend”).

Verb

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 ⁠ ⁠ 

  1. (intransitive) to fall, to descend, to perish
Descendants
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References

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  • Černý, Jaroslav (1976) Coptic Etymological Dictionary, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 270
  • Erichsen, Wolja (1954) Demotisches Glossar, Copenhagen: Ejnar Munksgaard, pages 266, 267
  • Johnson, Janet (2000) Thus Wrote ꜥOnchsheshonqy: An Introductory Grammar of Demotic‎[1], third edition, Chicago: The Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago, →ISBN, pages 9, 78
  • Janet H. Johnson, editor (2001), The Demotic Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago‎[2], volume H (10.1), Chicago: The University of Chicago, page 11

Dutch

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Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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hy

  1. Obsolete spelling of hij.

Usage notes

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Egyptian

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Pronunciation

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Interjection

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hii
  1. (vocative, before the name of the person called) O, hey, hail
  2. a call to someone unspecified; hey

Alternative forms

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Alternative hieroglyphic writings of hy  
hi
h
hj h

Noun

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hiiA2

 m

  1. cry of joy
    • c. 1401 BCE, Amduat of Amenhotep II (tomb of Amenhotep II, KV35) First Hour, closing text, lines 8–9:
      iwhiiY2
      n      		 r
      a      		 ra Z1 r
      r Z1      		 O31
      O31      		 tA
      N23 Z1
      hnwWA4n
      k      		 z
      r      		 q
      Y2      		 AxxH_SPACE
      ra      		 waqq
      H_SPACE      		 kdwApr
      n      		 wr
      r      		 t
      xAst
      jw hy n rꜥ r r(ꜣ) ꜥꜣwj tꜣ hnw n.k srq ꜣḫw ꜥq.k sbꜣ n(j) wrt
      May there be cries of joy for Ra at the opening of the double doors of the earth, and acclaim for you who make the akh-spirits breathe when you enter the door of the Great (i.e. the afterworld).

Inflection

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Declension of hy (masculine)
singular hy
dual hywj
plural hyw

Alternative forms

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Alternative hieroglyphic writings of hy  
hiiA28
hAiiA28
hAiiA2
hy hꜣy hꜣy
[New Kingdom] [New Kingdom]

References

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Middle English

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Etymology 1

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Pronoun

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hy

  1. Alternative form of heo (“she”)

Etymology 2

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Pronoun

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hy

  1. Alternative form of he (“they”)

Old English

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Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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hȳ

  1. Alternative form of hīe (“they”)

Swedish

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Etymology

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From Old Norse hý, from Proto-Germanic *hiwją, either from Proto-Indo-European *kew-, *ḱew- or from Proto-Indo-European *ḱey-, or a merger of the two. Compare English hue.

Noun

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hy c (uncountable)

  1. skin, complexion ((appearance of) skin on the face)

Declension

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Declension of hy
nominative genitive
singular indefinite hy hys
definite hyn hyns
plural indefinite — —
definite — —

Derived terms

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See also

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Welsh

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Middle Welsh hy, from Proto-Brythonic *hɨɣ, from Proto-Celtic *segos, from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- (“to overpower”).[1]

Cognate with Proto-Germanic *segaz, Sanskrit सहस् (sáhas, “force, power, victory”), and Ancient Greek ἔχω (ékhō, “I have, I own”).

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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hy (feminine singular hy, plural hyfion, equative hyfed, comparative hyfach, superlative hyfaf, not mutable)

  1. bold

Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^ R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “hy”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

West Frisian

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Etymology

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From Old Frisian hī, from Proto-West Germanic *hiʀ, from Proto-Germanic *hiz.

Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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hy

  1. he (third-person singular masculine pronoun)

Usage notes

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The accusative him is used roughly like "himself" and "itself" in English. In these cases, it is used after a verb when there is another object in the sentence. For example:

Dy partij stelt him op it stânpunt fan it federalisme.
This party puts itself on the standpoint of federalism.

In other reflexive cases, the reflexively marked pronoun himsels is used.

The clitic form er is used before the object of the sentence or after the verb, if there is one. It is never the first word of a sentence.

Doe't er in swolch naam
When he took a swallow

Especially in narrative, er is used in the past tense.

Inflection

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West Frisian personal pronouns
Number Person Nominative Objective Possessive
Normal Reflexive Determiner Pronoun
Singular First ik my mysels myn mines
Second Informal do/dû1 dy dysels dyn dines
Formal jo jo josels jo jowes
Third Masculine hy him himsels syn sines
Feminine sy/hja1 har harsels har harres
Neuter it it himsels syn sines
Plural First wy ús ússels ús uzes
Second jim(me) jim(me) jimsels/jinsels jim(me) jimmes
Third sy/hja1 har(ren) harsels har(ren) harres
1. Now mostly archaic and unused

Further reading

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  • “hy (I)”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011
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