jula

See also: Jula and Julą

Fula

Alternative forms

(Maasina) julaajo

Etymology

From a Mande language.

The word "Jula" means trader in Manding languages (Mandinka/Mandingo). The word derived from the root word "Julo" or "Julu" meaning rope. The word was originally referred to rope traders with the pastoral Fulani herders and along the Sahara, but the term would come to generally signify a trader or merchant especially in gold and other precious metals. The name is however most commonly associated with gold traders, those that dealt in Jewelry, a Jew-e-ler (Ju-la). The term has become so widely used today to even refer to a shop keeper.

Noun

jula o (plural julaaɓe ɓe)

(Pulaar) merchant, tradesman, monger

Related terms

References

M. Niang, Pulaar-English English-Pulaar Standard Dictionary, New York: Hippocrene Books, 1997.

Norwegian Bokmål

Alternative forms

julen

Noun

jula m or f

definite feminine singular of jul

Norwegian Nynorsk

Noun

jula f

definite singular of jul

Spanish

Noun

jula m (plural julas)

(colloquial) idiot, twat
Synonym: julai

Xhosa

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

-jula

(transitive) to throw
Synonyms: -gibisa, -phosa

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

Verb

-jula

(intransitive) to be deep
(intransitive) to dive deep, to sink deep down

Inflection

Tone L
Infinitive	ukujula
	Positive	Negative
Infinitive	ukujula	ukungajuli
	Imperative
	Simple	+ object concord
Singular	jula	-jule
Plural	julani	-juleni
	Present
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyajula, ngijula	engijulayo, engijula	ngijula	angijuli	engingajuli	ngingajuli
2nd singular	uyajula, ujula	ojulayo, ojula	ujula	awujuli	ongajuli	ungajuli
1st plural	siyajula, sijula	esijulayo, esijula	sijula	asijuli	esingajuli	singajuli
2nd plural	niyajula, nijula	enijulayo, enijula	nijula	anijuli	eningajuli	ningajuli
Class 1	uyajula, ujula	ojulayo, ojula	ejula	akajuli	ongajuli	engajuli
Class 2	bayajula, bajula	abajulayo, abajula	bejula	abajuli	abangajuli	bengajuli
Class 3	uyajula, ujula	ojulayo, ojula	ujula	awujuli	ongajuli	ungajuli
Class 4	iyajula, ijula	ejulayo, ejula	ijula	ayijuli	engajuli	ingajuli
Class 5	liyajula, lijula	elijulayo, elijula	lijula	alijuli	elingajuli	lingajuli
Class 6	ayajula, ajula	ajulayo, ajula	ejula	awajuli	angajuli	engajuli
Class 7	siyajula, sijula	esijulayo, esijula	sijula	asijuli	esingajuli	singajuli
Class 8	ziyajula, zijula	ezijulayo, ezijula	zijula	azijuli	ezingajuli	zingajuli
Class 9	iyajula, ijula	ejulayo, ejula	ijula	ayijuli	engajuli	ingajuli
Class 10	ziyajula, zijula	ezijulayo, ezijula	zijula	azijuli	ezingajuli	zingajuli
Class 11	luyajula, lujula	olujulayo, olujula	lujula	alujuli	olungajuli	lungajuli
Class 14	buyajula, bujula	obujulayo, obujula	bujula	abujuli	obungajuli	bungajuli
Class 15	kuyajula, kujula	okujulayo, okujula	kujula	akujuli	okungajuli	kungajuli
Class 17	kuyajula, kujula	okujulayo, okujula	kujula	akujuli	okungajuli	kungajuli
	Recent past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngijulile, ngijulē	engijulile, engijulē	ngijulile, ngijulē	angijulanga	engingajulanga	ngingajulanga
2nd singular	ujulile, ujulē	ojulile, ojulē	ujulile, ujulē	awujulanga	ongajulanga	ungajulanga
1st plural	sijulile, sijulē	esijulile, esijulē	sijulile, sijulē	asijulanga	esingajulanga	singajulanga
2nd plural	nijulile, nijulē	enijulile, enijulē	nijulile, nijulē	anijulanga	eningajulanga	ningajulanga
Class 1	ujulile, ujulē	ojulile, ojulē	ejulile, ejulē	akajulanga	ongajulanga	engajulanga
Class 2	bajulile, bajulē	abajulile, abajulē	bejulile, bejulē	abajulanga	abangajulanga	bengajulanga
Class 3	ujulile, ujulē	ojulile, ojulē	ujulile, ujulē	awujulanga	ongajulanga	ungajulanga
Class 4	ijulile, ijulē	ejulile, ejulē	ijulile, ijulē	ayijulanga	engajulanga	ingajulanga
Class 5	lijulile, lijulē	elijulile, elijulē	lijulile, lijulē	alijulanga	elingajulanga	lingajulanga
Class 6	ajulile, ajulē	ajulile, ajulē	ejulile, ejulē	awajulanga	angajulanga	engajulanga
Class 7	sijulile, sijulē	esijulile, esijulē	sijulile, sijulē	asijulanga	esingajulanga	singajulanga
Class 8	zijulile, zijulē	ezijulile, ezijulē	zijulile, zijulē	azijulanga	ezingajulanga	zingajulanga
Class 9	ijulile, ijulē	ejulile, ejulē	ijulile, ijulē	ayijulanga	engajulanga	ingajulanga
Class 10	zijulile, zijulē	ezijulile, ezijulē	zijulile, zijulē	azijulanga	ezingajulanga	zingajulanga
Class 11	lujulile, lujulē	olujulile, olujulē	lujulile, lujulē	alujulanga	olungajulanga	lungajulanga
Class 14	bujulile, bujulē	obujulile, obujulē	bujulile, bujulē	abujulanga	obungajulanga	bungajulanga
Class 15	kujulile, kujulē	okujulile, okujulē	kujulile, kujulē	akujulanga	okungajulanga	kungajulanga
Class 17	kujulile, kujulē	okujulile, okujulē	kujulile, kujulē	akujulanga	okungajulanga	kungajulanga
	Remote past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngājula	engājula	ngājula	angijulanga	engingajulanga	ngingajulanga
2nd singular	wājula	owājula	wājula	awujulanga	ongajulanga	ungajulanga
1st plural	sājula	esājula	sājula	asijulanga	esingajulanga	singajulanga
2nd plural	nājula	enājula	nājula	anijulanga	eningajulanga	ningajulanga
Class 1	wājula	owājula	ājula	akajulanga	ongajulanga	engajulanga
Class 2	bājula	abājula	bājula	abajulanga	abangajulanga	bengajulanga
Class 3	wājula	owājula	wājula	awujulanga	ongajulanga	ungajulanga
Class 4	yājula	eyājula	yājula	ayijulanga	engajulanga	ingajulanga
Class 5	lājula	elājula	lājula	alijulanga	elingajulanga	lingajulanga
Class 6	ājula	ājula	ājula	awajulanga	angajulanga	engajulanga
Class 7	sājula	esājula	sājula	asijulanga	esingajulanga	singajulanga
Class 8	zājula	ezājula	zājula	azijulanga	ezingajulanga	zingajulanga
Class 9	yājula	eyājula	yājula	ayijulanga	engajulanga	ingajulanga
Class 10	zājula	ezājula	zājula	azijulanga	ezingajulanga	zingajulanga
Class 11	lwājula	olwājula	lwājula	alujulanga	olungajulanga	lungajulanga
Class 14	bājula	obājula	bājula	abujulanga	obungajulanga	bungajulanga
Class 15	kwājula	okwājula	kwājula	akujulanga	okungajulanga	kungajulanga
Class 17	kwājula	okwājula	kwājula	akujulanga	okungajulanga	kungajulanga
	Potential
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngingajula	—	ngingajula	ngingejule	—	ngingejule
2nd singular	ungajula	—	ungajula	ungejule	—	ungejule
1st plural	singajula	—	singajula	singejule	—	singejule
2nd plural	ningajula	—	ningajula	ningejule	—	ningejule
Class 1	angajula	—	engajula	angejule	—	engejule
Class 2	bangajula	—	bengajula	bangejule	—	bengejule
Class 3	ungajula	—	ungajula	ungejule	—	ungejule
Class 4	ingajula	—	ingajula	ingejule	—	ingejule
Class 5	lingajula	—	lingajula	lingejule	—	lingejule
Class 6	angajula	—	engajula	angejule	—	engejule
Class 7	singajula	—	singajula	singejule	—	singejule
Class 8	zingajula	—	zingajula	zingejule	—	zingejule
Class 9	ingajula	—	ingajula	ingejule	—	ingejule
Class 10	zingajula	—	zingajula	zingejule	—	zingejule
Class 11	lungajula	—	lungajula	lungejule	—	lungejule
Class 14	bungajula	—	bungajula	bungejule	—	bungejule
Class 15	kungajula	—	kungajula	kungejule	—	kungejule
Class 17	kungajula	—	kungajula	kungejule	—	kungejule
	Immediate future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngizojula	engizojula	ngizojula	angizujula	engingezujula	ngingezujula
2nd singular	uzojula	ozojula	uzojula	awuzujula	ongezujula	ungezujula
1st plural	sizojula	esizojula	sizojula	asizujula	esingezujula	singezujula
2nd plural	nizojula	enizojula	nizojula	anizujula	eningezujula	ningezujula
Class 1	uzojula	ozojula	ezojula	akazujula	ongezujula	engezujula
Class 2	bazojula	abazojula	bezojula	abazujula	abangezujula	bengezujula
Class 3	uzojula	ozojula	uzojula	awuzujula	ongezujula	ungezujula
Class 4	izojula	ezojula	izojula	ayizujula	engezujula	ingezujula
Class 5	lizojula	elizojula	lizojula	alizujula	elingezujula	lingezujula
Class 6	azojula	azojula	ezojula	awazujula	angezujula	engezujula
Class 7	sizojula	esizojula	sizojula	asizujula	esingezujula	singezujula
Class 8	zizojula	ezizojula	zizojula	azizujula	ezingezujula	zingezujula
Class 9	izojula	ezojula	izojula	ayizujula	engezujula	ingezujula
Class 10	zizojula	ezizojula	zizojula	azizujula	ezingezujula	zingezujula
Class 11	luzojula	oluzojula	luzojula	aluzujula	olungezujula	lungezujula
Class 14	buzojula	obuzojula	buzojula	abuzujula	obungezujula	bungezujula
Class 15	kuzojula	okuzojula	kuzojula	akuzujula	okungezujula	kungezujula
Class 17	kuzojula	okuzojula	kuzojula	akuzujula	okungezujula	kungezujula
	Remote future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyojula	engiyojula	ngiyojula	angiyujula	engingeyujula	ngingeyujula
2nd singular	uyojula	oyojula	uyojula	awuyujula	ongeyujula	ungeyujula
1st plural	siyojula	esiyojula	siyojula	asiyujula	esingeyujula	singeyujula
2nd plural	niyojula	eniyojula	niyojula	aniyujula	eningeyujula	ningeyujula
Class 1	uyojula	oyojula	eyojula	akayujula	ongeyujula	engeyujula
Class 2	bayojula	abayojula	beyojula	abayujula	abangeyujula	bengeyujula
Class 3	uyojula	oyojula	uyojula	awuyujula	ongeyujula	ungeyujula
Class 4	iyojula	eyojula	iyojula	ayiyujula	engeyujula	ingeyujula
Class 5	liyojula	eliyojula	liyojula	aliyujula	elingeyujula	lingeyujula
Class 6	ayojula	ayojula	eyojula	awayujula	angeyujula	engeyujula
Class 7	siyojula	esiyojula	siyojula	asiyujula	esingeyujula	singeyujula
Class 8	ziyojula	eziyojula	ziyojula	aziyujula	ezingeyujula	zingeyujula
Class 9	iyojula	eyojula	iyojula	ayiyujula	engeyujula	ingeyujula
Class 10	ziyojula	eziyojula	ziyojula	aziyujula	ezingeyujula	zingeyujula
Class 11	luyojula	oluyojula	luyojula	aluyujula	olungeyujula	lungeyujula
Class 14	buyojula	obuyojula	buyojula	abuyujula	obungeyujula	bungeyujula
Class 15	kuyojula	okuyojula	kuyojula	akuyujula	okungeyujula	kungeyujula
Class 17	kuyojula	okuyojula	kuyojula	akuyujula	okungeyujula	kungeyujula
	Present subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngijule	ngingajuli
2nd singular	ujule	ungajuli
1st plural	sijule	singajuli
2nd plural	nijule	ningajuli
Class 1	ajule	angajuli
Class 2	bajule	bangajuli
Class 3	ujule	ungajuli
Class 4	ijule	ingajuli
Class 5	lijule	lingajuli
Class 6	ajule	angajuli
Class 7	sijule	singajuli
Class 8	zijule	zingajuli
Class 9	ijule	ingajuli
Class 10	zijule	zingajuli
Class 11	lujule	lungajuli
Class 14	bujule	bungajuli
Class 15	kujule	kungajuli
Class 17	kujule	kungajuli
	Past subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngajula	ngangajula, angajula, angangajula
2nd singular	wajula	wangajula, awajula, awangajula
1st plural	sajula	sangajula, asajula, asangajula
2nd plural	najula	nangajula, anajula, anangajula
Class 1	wajula	wangajula, akajula, akangajula
Class 2	bajula	bangajula, abajula, abangajula
Class 3	wajula	wangajula, awajula, awangajula
Class 4	yajula	yangajula, ayajula, ayangajula
Class 5	lajula	langajula, alajula, alangajula
Class 6	ajula	angajula, awajula, awangajula
Class 7	sajula	sangajula, asajula, asangajula
Class 8	zajula	zangajula, azajula, azangajula
Class 9	yajula	yangajula, ayajula, ayangajula
Class 10	zajula	zangajula, azajula, azangajula
Class 11	lwajula	lwangajula, alwajula, alwangajula
Class 14	bajula	bangajula, abajula, abangajula
Class 15	kwajula	kwangajula, akwajula, akwangajula
Class 17	kwajula	kwangajula, akwajula, akwangajula

References

C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “jula”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “jula (6.3)”