kafir
See also: kâfir
English
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editBorrowed from Arabic كَافِر (kāfir, “denier, unbeliever”). Doublet of kaffir.
Pronunciation
edit- (Received Pronunciation) enPR: käʹfîr, IPA(key): /ˈkɑːfɪə/
- (General American) enPR: käʹfîr, IPA(key): /ˈkɑːfɪɹ/
Noun
editkafir (countable and uncountable, plural kuffar or kafirs)
- (Islam, countable, offensive, religious slur, politics) A disbeliever, a denier: someone who rejects or disbelieves in Allah or the tenets of Islam; or more broadly any non-Muslim.
- Antonym: Muslim
- 2024 August 21, “Investigation Into Bangladeshi Preacher Amir Hamza’s Sermon in Singapore on 9 August 2024”, in Ministry of Home Affairs (Singapore)[4]:
- In his sermon, Amir Hamza espoused extremist and segregationist views. He inferred that non-Muslims are “kafir” (infidels).
- (uncountable) Short for kafir corn.
- 1914, Omar Orlando Churchill, Forage and Silage Crops for Oklahoma, page 10:
- Kafir makes better forage than the duras.
- 1918, Yearbook of the United States Department of Agriculture, page 568:
- Kafir is confined practically to the Southwestern States where, owing to its drought resistant character, it has become an important crop.
Usage notes
edit- Some people use the term to refer to any non-Muslim,[1] but others consider this an error.[2][3] The term is sometimes derogatory.[4][5][6]
Derived terms
editRelated terms
editTranslations
editinfidel, non-Muslim
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See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Shaykh Al-Islam ibn Taymiyyah, v. 27, p. 264: “Whosoever does not forbid people from the deen of the Jews and Christians after the prophethood of the messenger Muhammad (saw) nor declares them kafir nor hates them, he is not a Muslim by the consensus of ALL Muslims, their scholars and the general public.”
- ^ Ahmed Affi, Hassan Affi Contemporary Interpretation of Islamic Law (Troubador Publishing Ltd 2014, →ISBN), page 12
- ^ Asghar Ali Engineer, Islam in Contemporary World (Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd 2007, →ISBN), xvi
- ^ Rajan, Julie (2015 January 30) Al Qaeda’s Global Crisis: The Islamic State, Takfir and the Genocide of Muslims[1], Routledge, retrieved 27 August 2015, page cii
- ^ Bunt, Gary (2009) Muslims[2], The Other Press, retrieved 27 August 2015, page ccxxiv
- ^ Pruniere, Gerard (2007 January 1) Darfur: The Ambiguous Genocide[3], Cornell University Press, retrieved 27 August 2015, page xvi
Anagrams
editFrench
editNoun
editkafir m or f by sense (plural kafirs)
- Alternative form of kâfir
Further reading
edit- “kafir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Indonesian
editEtymology
editFrom Malay kafir, from Classical Malay kafir (“infidel”), from Arabic كَافِر (kāfir, “denier, unbeliever”).
- The sense “non-Jew” is a semantic loan from Hebrew גּוֹי (goi, “nation”) and semantic loan from Ancient Greek ἐθνικός (ethnikós).
Pronunciation
edit- (Standard Indonesian) IPA(key): /ˈkafir/ [ˈka.fɪr]
- Rhymes: -afir
- Syllabification: ka‧fir
Noun
editkafir (first-person possessive kafirku, second-person possessive kafirmu, third-person possessive kafirnya)
- (in general senses) unbeliever, non-believer, infidel
- (Islam) a kafir, a disbeliever, a denier, someone who denies the truths from Allah; or more broadly any non-Muslim.
- (Christianity) non-Christian
- (Christianity, Jewish) gentile, non-Jew
Usage notes
editThis term is sometimes derogatory.
Derived terms
editFurther reading
edit- “kafir” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Malay
editEtymology
editFrom Arabic كَافِر (kāfir, “denier, unbeliever”).
Pronunciation
editNoun
editkafir (Jawi spelling کافير, plural kafir-kafir)
- (Islam, offensive, religious slur) A kafir, a disbeliever, a denier: someone who denies the truths from Allah; or more broadly any non-Muslim.
Usage notes
edit- This term is considered offensive by non-Muslims.
- To avoid offence, terms such as orang bukan Islam and orang bukan Muslim, respectively meaning a person who is "non-Islam" and a person who is "non-Muslim", are often used instead.
Affixations
edit- kafir-mengkafirkan
- kafirkan (“to consider someone a kafir”)
Compounds
editFurther reading
edit- “kafir” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
Polish
editPronunciation
editNoun
editkafir m pers
Declension
editDeclension of kafir
Further reading
edit- kafir in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Categories:
- Pages to be merged
- English terms borrowed from Arabic
- English terms derived from Arabic
- English doublets
- English terms derived from the Arabic root ك ف ر
- English 2-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English uncountable nouns
- English countable nouns
- English nouns with irregular plurals
- en:Islam
- English offensive terms
- English religious slurs
- en:Politics
- English terms with quotations
- English short forms
- en:People
- en:Islamism
- French lemmas
- French nouns
- French countable nouns
- French terms spelled with K
- French masculine nouns
- French feminine nouns
- French nouns with multiple genders
- French masculine and feminine nouns by sense
- Indonesian terms derived from Arabic
- Indonesian terms derived from the Arabic root ك ف ر
- Indonesian terms inherited from Malay
- Indonesian terms derived from Malay
- Indonesian terms inherited from Classical Malay
- Indonesian terms derived from Classical Malay
- Indonesian semantic loans from Hebrew
- Indonesian terms derived from Hebrew
- Indonesian semantic loans from Ancient Greek
- Indonesian terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Indonesian 2-syllable words
- Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Indonesian/afir
- Rhymes:Indonesian/afir/2 syllables
- Indonesian lemmas
- Indonesian nouns
- id:Islam
- id:Christianity
- Malay terms derived from Arabic
- Malay terms derived from the Arabic root ك ف ر
- Malay terms borrowed from Arabic
- Malay 2-syllable words
- Malay terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Malay/fir
- Rhymes:Malay/ir
- Rhymes:Malay/ir/2 syllables
- Malay lemmas
- Malay nouns
- ms:Islam
- Malay offensive terms
- Malay religious slurs
- Polish 2-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Polish/afir
- Rhymes:Polish/afir/2 syllables
- Polish lemmas
- Polish nouns
- Polish masculine nouns
- Polish personal nouns
- pl:Islam