kalayaan

See also: Kalayaan

Tagalog

Alternative forms

• calayaan — obsolete, Spanish-based orthography
• kalayahan — obsolete

Etymology

From laya +‎ ka- -an. Used by Marcelo H. del Pilar in 1882 (originally as kalayahan) as an equivalent for Spanish libertad (“liberty”) in his Tagalog translation of José Rizal's El Amor Patrio. The word was then used in 1886 by Rizal for his search for an equivalent for German Freiheit (“freedom; freehood”) while translating Friedrich Schiller's drama, William Tell. Later adopted by the Katipunan to articulate their separatist ideology against the Spanish Empire.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog)
  • IPA^(key): /kalaˈjaʔan/ [kɐ.lɐˈjaː.ʔɐn̪] (“freedom; liberty”, noun)

    • Audio:

      (file)

    • Rhymes: -aʔan
  • IPA^(key): /kalajaˈʔan/ [kɐ.lɐ.jɐˈʔan̪] (“libertinage, self-abandonment”, noun)
    • Rhymes: -an
• Syllabification: ka‧la‧ya‧an

Noun

kalayaan (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜎᜌᜀᜈ᜔)

1. freedom; liberty

   Synonyms: (archaic) kamaharlikaan, (archaic) katimawaan

   Ipinaglaban ng mga Katipunero ang ating kalayaan mula sa mga Kastilang sumakop sa bansa.

   The Katipuneros fought for our freedom from the Spaniards who conquered (our) land.

   Dumating ang bakasyong tag-init, at galak na galak ang bulilit na si Yan-Yan sa natamo nitong kalayaan mula sa paaralan.

   Summer vacation came, and little Yan-Yan was overjoyed for finally earning freedom from school.

Derived terms

• Araw ng Kalayaan

 

Related terms

• Kalayaan

 

See also

• kaligtasan
• kasarinlan

 

Noun

kalayaán (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜎᜌᜀᜈ᜔)

1. libertinage; self-abandonment

   Synonyms: pagpapabaya, libertinahe

Further reading

• “kalayaan”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
• Panganiban, José Villa (1973) Diksyunaryo-Tesauro Pilipino-Ingles (overall work in Tagalog and English), Quezon City: Manlapaz Publishing Co., page 623
• Almario, Virgilio S. (2014 November 14) Rizal: Makata‎^[1], Anvil Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
• Bagong kasaysayan: Ang Kartilya ni Emilio Jacinto at ang Diwang Pilipino sa agos ng kasaysayan‎^[2], Palimbagang Kalawakan, 1999
• José Rizal, National Heroes Commission (1964) Mga ibaʼt ibang sinulat ni Rizal, 1873-1892‎^[3] (in Tagalog), Pambansang Komisyon ng mga Bayáni