karista

See also: käristä

Finnish

Etymology 1

From Proto-Finnic *karistak, from an onomatopoeic root +‎ -ista. Compare karahtaa, karauttaa.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkɑristɑˣ/, [ˈkɑ̝ris̠tɑ̝(ʔ)]
• Rhymes: -ɑristɑ
• Hyphenation^(key): ka‧ris‧ta

Verb

karista (intransitive)

1. to fall off, drop off

   Synonym: varista

   Lehdet karisivat.

   Leaves fell off.

2. to rustle, rattle

   Synonyms: rapista, ripistä, rutista

Conjugation

Inflection of karista (Kotus type 66/rohkaista, no gradation)
indicative mood
present tense				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		karisen	en karise	1st sing.	olen karissut	en ole karissut
2nd sing.		kariset	et karise	2nd sing.	olet karissut	et ole karissut
3rd sing.		karisee	ei karise	3rd sing.	on karissut	ei ole karissut
1st plur.		karisemme	emme karise	1st plur.	olemme karisseet	emme ole karisseet
2nd plur.		karisette	ette karise	2nd plur.	olette karisseet	ette ole karisseet
3rd plur.		karisevat	eivät karise	3rd plur.	ovat karisseet	eivät ole karisseet
passive		karistaan	ei karista	passive	on karistu	ei ole karistu
past tense				pluperfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		karisin	en karissut	1st sing.	olin karissut	en ollut karissut
2nd sing.		karisit	et karissut	2nd sing.	olit karissut	et ollut karissut
3rd sing.		karisi	ei karissut	3rd sing.	oli karissut	ei ollut karissut
1st plur.		karisimme	emme karisseet	1st plur.	olimme karisseet	emme olleet karisseet
2nd plur.		karisitte	ette karisseet	2nd plur.	olitte karisseet	ette olleet karisseet
3rd plur.		karisivat	eivät karisseet	3rd plur.	olivat karisseet	eivät olleet karisseet
passive		karistiin	ei karistu	passive	oli karistu	ei ollut karistu
conditional mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		karisisin	en karisisi	1st sing.	olisin karissut	en olisi karissut
2nd sing.		karisisit	et karisisi	2nd sing.	olisit karissut	et olisi karissut
3rd sing.		karisisi	ei karisisi	3rd sing.	olisi karissut	ei olisi karissut
1st plur.		karisisimme	emme karisisi	1st plur.	olisimme karisseet	emme olisi karisseet
2nd plur.		karisisitte	ette karisisi	2nd plur.	olisitte karisseet	ette olisi karisseet
3rd plur.		karisisivat	eivät karisisi	3rd plur.	olisivat karisseet	eivät olisi karisseet
passive		karistaisiin	ei karistaisi	passive	olisi karistu	ei olisi karistu
imperative mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		—	—	1st sing.	—	—
2nd sing.		karise	älä karise	2nd sing.	—	—
3rd sing.		kariskoon	älköön karisko	3rd sing.	olkoon karissut	älköön olko karissut
1st plur.		kariskaamme	älkäämme karisko	1st plur.	—	—
2nd plur.		kariskaa	älkää karisko	2nd plur.	—	—
3rd plur.		kariskoot	älkööt karisko	3rd plur.	olkoot karisseet	älkööt olko karisseet
passive		karistakoon	älköön karistako	passive	olkoon karistu	älköön olko karistu
potential mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		karissen	en karisse	1st sing.	lienen karissut	en liene karissut
2nd sing.		karisset	et karisse	2nd sing.	lienet karissut	et liene karissut
3rd sing.		karissee	ei karisse	3rd sing.	lienee karissut	ei liene karissut
1st plur.		karissemme	emme karisse	1st plur.	lienemme karisseet	emme liene karisseet
2nd plur.		karissette	ette karisse	2nd plur.	lienette karisseet	ette liene karisseet
3rd plur.		karissevat	eivät karisse	3rd plur.	lienevät karisseet	eivät liene karisseet
passive		karistaneen	ei karistane	passive	lienee karistu	ei liene karistu
Nominal forms
infinitives				participles
		active	passive		active	passive
1st		karista		present	kariseva	karistava
long 1st1		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st karistakseni karistaksemme 2nd karistaksesi karistaksenne 3rd karistakseen karistaksensa		past	karissut	karistu
2nd	inessive2	karistessa	karistaessa	agent4	karisema
		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st karistessani karistessamme 2nd karistessasi karistessanne 3rd karistessaan karistessansa		negative	karisematon
	instructive	karisten	—	1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). 3) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details). 4) Usually with a possessive suffix. May not be used with all verbs, especially intransitive ones (more details). Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms.
3rd	inessive	karisemassa	—
	elative	karisemasta	—
	illative	karisemaan	—
	adessive	karisemalla	—
	abessive	karisematta	—
	instructive	kariseman	karistaman
4th3	verbal noun	kariseminen
5th1		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st karisemaisillani karisemaisillamme 2nd karisemaisillasi karisemaisillanne 3rd karisemaisillaan karisemaisillansa

Derived terms

• karahtaa
• karaista
• karike
• kariseminen
• karistaa
• karisuttaa

 

Further reading

• “karista”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-01

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkɑristɑˣ/, [ˈkɑ̝ris̠tɑ̝(ʔ)]
• Rhymes: -ɑristɑ
• Hyphenation^(key): ka‧ris‧ta

Verb

karista

1. inflection of karistaa:
   1. present active indicative connegative
   2. second-person singular present imperative
   3. second-person singular present active imperative connegative

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkɑristɑ/, [ˈkɑ̝ris̠tɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -ɑristɑ
• Hyphenation^(key): ka‧ris‧ta

Noun

karista

1. elative singular of kari

Etymology 4

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkɑristɑ/, [ˈkɑ̝ris̠tɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -ɑristɑ
• Hyphenation^(key): ka‧ris‧ta

Adjective

karista

1. partitive singular of karinen

Anagrams

• arkista, karitsa, kasarit, raiskat, rakasti, rakista, rikasta, taksari, taskari