kona

See also: kôna, kōnā, and Kona

Faroese

Etymology

From Old Norse kona, from Proto-Germanic *kwenǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷḗn.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkʰoːna/

Noun

kona f (genitive singular konu, plural konur)

1. woman
2. wife

Declension

f1	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	kona	konan	konur	konurnar
accusative	konu	konuna	konur	konurnar
dative	konu	konuni	konum	konunum
genitive	konu	konunnar	kona	konanna

Gilbertese

Verb

kona

1. can; to be able to

Hawaiian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈko.na/, [ˈko.nə]

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Determiner

kona

1. his, her, its third person singular possessive, o-type

Synonyms

• ko ia
• ko ia ala
• ko ia nei

Related terms

• ona
• nona

See also

Hawaiian possessive pronouns

The o-type forms are used for possessions that are inherited, out of personal control, and for things that can be got into (houses, clothes, cars). The a-type forms are used for acquired possessions.
			singular	dual	plural
1st person			koʻu, kaʻu kuʻu (affectionate, o- and a-type)	ko māua, kā māua (exclusive) ko kāua, kā kāua (inclusive)	ko mākou, kā mākou (exclusive) ko kākou, kā kākou (inclusive)
2nd person			kou, kāu kō (affectionate, o- and a-type)	ko ʻolua, kā ʻolua	ko ʻoukou, kā ʻoukou
3rd person			kona, kāna	ko lāua, kā lāua	ko lākou, kā lākou

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Compare Maori tonga.

Noun

kona

1. leeward side of an island, southwest due to Hawaiian tradewinds

Etymology 3

From Proto-Polynesian *jona (“yaws”) (compare with Maori tona (“wart”), Tahitian tona (“wart, chancre”) and Tongan tona (“yaws”)). Sense may have gone obsolete with partial reduplication of konakona to differentiate with other senses above, see there for details.

Noun

kona

1. (archaic) bump, wart

Derived terms

• ʻilikona

Related terms

• konakona

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse kona (“woman, wife”), from Proto-Germanic *kwenǭ (“woman”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷḗn (“woman”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkʰɔːna/, [ˈkʰoɔ̯ːnä]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɔːna, -a

Noun

kona f (genitive singular konu, nominative plural konur)

1. a woman
   • Timothy 2:11-12 (English, Icelandic)

     Konan á að læra í kyrrþey, í allri undirgefni. Ekki leyfi ég konu að kenna eða taka sér vald yfir manninum, heldur á hún að vera kyrrlát.

     A woman should learn in quietness and full submission. I do not permit a woman to teach or to have authority over a man; she must be silent.

2. a wife

   Ég fór þangað með konunni minni. ― I went there with my wife.

Declension

Declension of kona (feminine)

	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	kona	konan	konur	konurnar
accusative	konu	konuna	konur	konurnar
dative	konu	konunni	konum	konunum
genitive	konu	konunnar	kvenna	kvennanna

Coordinate terms

• karl
• eiginmaður
• maður
• stúlka
• barn

Derived terms

• eiginkona
• hjúkrunarkona
• sundkona
• vinkona

Related terms

• kven-
• kvendi
• kvæna

See also

• dama, frú, fröken, jómfrú, kerling, maddama, ungfrú
• drós, svanni, víf

Japanese

Romanization

kona

1. Rōmaji transcription of こな

Matal

Noun

kona

1. son

   Masla uwanay, la uwana Kona gulo uwana gi gəkə̀sànì.(Luka 9:35)

   This one, He is my Son that I have chosen (Luke 9:35)

   Kona aŋa Zəzagəla ― Son of God

Northern Ndebele

Etymology

From Proto-Nguni [Term?].

Pronoun

koná

1. it; class 15 absolute pronoun.

Norwegian Bokmål

Alternative forms

• konen m sg

Noun

kona f sg

1. definite feminine singular of kone

Norwegian Nynorsk

Noun

kona f sg

1. definite singular of kone

Old Danish

Alternative forms

• konæ (Jutlandic)

Etymology

From Old Norse kona, from Proto-Germanic *kwenǭ.

Noun

kona f (genitive konu, plural konur)

1. (Scania) woman, wife
   • c. 1210, "Sæl bondæn sina", Scanian Law, chapter 10.

     Sæl bondæn sina eghna iorth bort tha ær konan ey skyld […]

     If the man sells off his land, then the wife is not obligated to […]

Descendants

• Danish: kone

Old Norse

Alternative forms

• kvenna, kvinna
• kuna

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *kwenǭ, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʷḗn (“woman”).

Noun

kona f (genitive konu, plural konur)

1. woman
2. wife

Declension

  Declension of kona (weak ōn-stem)

feminine	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	kona	konan	konur	konurnar
accusative	konu	konuna	konur	konurnar
dative	konu	konunni	konum	konunum
genitive	konu	konunnar	kvenna	kvennanna

Note the form kvenna in genitive plural.

Coordinate terms

• karl m

Derived terms

Many of the derivatives use the genitive plural kvenna-, or the shorter kvenn-, which effectively forms an independent prefix pertaining to women or to womanhood. This is also the origin of the alternative form kvinna f, whence also some of its modern Scandinavian descendants.

Old Norse terms prefixed with kvenn-

• alfkona f (“female elf”)
• bakstrkona f (“female baker”)
• baðkona f (“female bathing attendant”)
• blótkona f (“idolatress”)
• brúðkona f (“bridesmaid”)
• byrgiskona f (“concubine”)
• draumkona f (“woman who appears in dreams”)
• eiginkona f (“wife”)
• eignarkona f (“wife”)
• einsetukona f (“hermitess, anchoress”)
• eptirgǫngukona f (“female underling”)
• falskona f (“harlot”)
• farandkona f (“beggar woman”)
• farkona f (“beggar woman”)
• festarkona f (“betrothed woman”)
• finnkona f (“female Finn”)
• fjǫlkyngiskona f (“sorceress”)
• flagðkona f (“ogress”)
• frændkona f (“kinswoman”)
• fylgikona f (“mistress”)
• fylgjukona f (“female guardian spirit; mistress”)
• fyrirkona f (“woman of distinction”)
• fárskona f (“wicked woman”)
• fǫrukona f (“vagrant woman”)
• galdrakona f (“witch”)
• griðkona f (“housemaid”)
• gǫngukona f (“vagrant woman”)
• heimakona f (“housemaid”)
• heitkona f (“one's promised spouse”)
• hjalskona f (“female friend”)
• hjákona f (“concubine”)
• hornkona f (“old woman in the corner”)
• hórkona f (“adulteress”)
• húskona f (“housewife”)
• kararkona f (“bedridden old woman”)
• konubú n (“woman's estate”)
• konuefni n (“one's future wife, bride”)
• konufé n (“marriage portion”)
• konuhár n (“woman's hair”)
• konuklæði n pl (“woman's attire”)
• konulauss (“wifeless, widowed”)
• konumál n (“love affair”)
• konunám m (“abduction of a woman”)
• kvendi n (“woman”)
• kvennabúnaðr m (“women's attire”)
• kvennafar n (“love affairs”)
• kvennafolk f (“woman”)
• kvennafriðr m (“immunity of women”)
• kvennagrið n (“immunity of women”)
• kvennahjal n (“women's gossip”)
• kvennahús n (“lady's bower”)
• kvennaklæðnaðr m (“female dress”)
• kvennalið n (“women-folk”)
• kvennamaðr m (“one fond of women”)
• kvennamunr m (“distinction of women”)
• kvennamál n pl (“love matters”)
• kvennanám n (“abduction, rape”)
• kvennaráð n pl (“women's counsel”)
• kvennasiðr m (“habits of women”)
• kvennaskap n (“women's temper”)
• kvennaskipan f (“placing of the ladies (at a banquet)”)
• kvennaskáli m (“women's apartment”)
• kvennasveit f (“bevy of women”)
• kvennavagn m (“Ursa Minor”)
• kvennavist f (“women's abode”)
• kvennaást f (“women's love”)
• kvenska f (“womanhood, chastity”)
• lagskona f (“concubine”)
• launkona f (“concubine”)
• lausungarkona f (“loose woman”)
• léttlætiskona f (“loose woman”)
• nærkona f (“midwife”)
• portkona f (“harlot”)
• prestkona f (“a priest's wife”)
• rausnarkona f (“magnificent lady”)
• rekkjukona f (“chambermaid”)
• ráðakona f (“housekeeper”)
• ráðskona f (“housekeeper”)
• salkona f (“housemaid”)
• saurlífiskona f (“harlot”)
• seiðkona f (“sorceress”)
• sifkona f (“a woman related by affinity”)
• sjókona f (“mermaid”)
• skaldkona f (“poetess”)
• skartskona f (“woman given to vain display”)
• skyndikona f (“loose woman”)
• spákona f (“prophetess”)
• sækona f (“mermaid”)
• sængarkona f (“woman in childbed”)
• sængrkona f (“woman in childbed”)
• trollkona f (“female troll”)
• trúkona f (“devout woman”)
• trúnaðarkona f (“confidante”)
• veiðikona f (“fisherwoman, huntress”)
• verkakona f (“workwoman”)
• verkkona f (“workwoman”)
• vinkona f (“female friend”)
• virðingarkona f (“worthy lady”)
• vændiskona f (“harlot”)
• vísdómskona f (“wise woman”)
• vísindakona f (“wise woman”)
• yfirsetukona f (“midwife”)
• áburðarkona f (“a showy, dressy woman”)
• þjónostukona f (“female servant”)
• þokkakona f (“mistress”)
• þrælskona f (“thrall's wife”)
• þváttkona f (“washer-woman”)
• ǫlmusukona f (“poor woman”)

 

Related terms

• kván f, kvæn f

Descendants

Most of the modern Scandinavian languages today distinguish between variations derived from kona, meaning wife, and variations derived from kvinna, meaning woman.

• Icelandic: kona
• Faroese: kona; kvinna
• Norwegian Nynorsk: kona, konu, kone; kvinna, kvinne
• Old Swedish: kona, kuna (gen. plur. kvinna, kvænna)
  • Swedish: kona; kvinna
• Danish: kone; kvinde
  • Norwegian Bokmål: kone; kvinne
• → Norman: guênipe, guénipe (Jèrriais)
• → French: guenipe

References

• “kona”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Old Swedish

Alternative forms

• kuna

Etymology

From Old Norse kona, from Proto-Germanic *kwenǭ.

Noun

kona f

1. woman
2. wife
3. mistress, paramour

Declension

Declension of kona (on-stem)

	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	kona	konan	konu(r), -o(r)	konuna(r), -ona(r)
accusative	konu, -o	konuna, -ona	konu(r), -o(r)	konuna(r), -ona(r)
dative	konu, -o	konunni, -onne	konum, -om	konumin, -omen
genitive	konu, -o	konunna(r), -onna(r)	kvinna	kvinnanna

Descendants

• Swedish: kona, kvinna

Phuthi

Etymology

From Proto-Nguni [Term?].

Pronoun

koná

1. it; class 15 absolute pronoun.

Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkɔ.na/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɔna
• Syllabification: ko‧na

Verb

kona

1. third-person singular present of konać

Sambali

Noun

konâ

1. fish

Swahili

Etymology

Borrowed from English corner.

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Noun

kona class IX (plural kona class X)

1. a corner (area in the angle between converging lines or walls)
2. a bend or turn
3. (soccer) a corner kick

References

kona at Nino Vessella's Swahili-English Dictionary

Swazi

Etymology

From Proto-Nguni [Term?].

Pronoun

koná

1. it; class 15 absolute pronoun.

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish kona, kuna (“woman, wife, concubine”) (genitive plural kvinna, kvænna), from Old Norse kona, from Proto-Germanic *kwenǭ. Feminine in Late Modern Swedish. Akin to English quean.

Noun

kona c

1. (obsolete) woman

Declension

Declension of kona

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	kona	konas
	definite	konan	konans
plural	indefinite	konor	konors
	definite	konorna	konornas

Synonyms

• kvinna

Derived terms

• trollkona

Anagrams

• Noak, kaon

Tok Pisin

Etymology

From English corner.

Noun

kona

1. corner

Xhosa

Etymology

From Proto-Nguni [Term?].

Pronoun

koná

1. it; class 15 absolute pronoun.