kura

See also: Kura, kura', kurą, kúra, kůra, kūra, and kurā

Bambara

Adjective

kura

1. new

References

• Richard Nci Diarra, Lexique bambara-français-anglais, December 13, 2010

Basque

Noun

kura

1. allative singular of ku

Czech

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Czech kura, kúra, from Proto-Slavic *kura.

Alternative forms

• koura (dialectal)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈkura]

Noun

kura f

1. (archaic) hen

Declension

Declension of kura (hard feminine)

	singular	plural
nominative	kura	kury
genitive	kury	kur
dative	kuře	kurám
accusative	kuru	kury
vocative	kuro	kury
locative	kuře	kurách
instrumental	kurou	kurami

Etymology 2

Noun

kura m

1. genitive/accusative singular of kur

Further reading

• “kura”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
• “kura”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989

Fijian

Etymology

From Proto-Oceanic *gurat.

Noun

kura

1. noni

Finnish

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *kura (“dirt, mud”) (compare Estonian kura), possibly borrowed from Proto-Germanic *gurą or alternatively from Proto-Uralic *kura (“dirt, mud”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkurɑ/, [ˈkurɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -urɑ
• Hyphenation^(key): ku‧ra

Noun

kura

1. mud, dirt
2. (informal) garbage, trash, rubbish, something worthless (especially in the partitive singular)

   Tuohan on täyttä kuraa.

   But that thing is complete garbage.

3. (slang) wet, unhardened concrete
4. (colloquial) diarrhea

   Hänellä on vatsa kuralla.

   She has diarrhea.

Declension

Inflection of kura (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)
nominative		kura	kurat
genitive		kuran	kurien
partitive		kuraa	kuria
illative		kuraan	kuriin
		singular	plural
nominative		kura	kurat
accusative	nom.	kura	kurat
	gen.	kuran
genitive		kuran	kurien kurain rare
partitive		kuraa	kuria
inessive		kurassa	kurissa
elative		kurasta	kurista
illative		kuraan	kuriin
adessive		kuralla	kurilla
ablative		kuralta	kurilta
allative		kuralle	kurille
essive		kurana	kurina
translative		kuraksi	kuriksi
abessive		kuratta	kuritta
instructive		—	kurin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of kura (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative kurani kurani accusative nom. kurani kurani gen. kurani genitive kurani kurieni kuraini rare partitive kuraani kuriani inessive kurassani kurissani elative kurastani kuristani illative kuraani kuriini adessive kurallani kurillani ablative kuraltani kuriltani allative kuralleni kurilleni essive kuranani kurinani translative kurakseni kurikseni abessive kurattani kurittani instructive — — comitative — kurineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative kurasi kurasi accusative nom. kurasi kurasi gen. kurasi genitive kurasi kuriesi kuraisi rare partitive kuraasi kuriasi inessive kurassasi kurissasi elative kurastasi kuristasi illative kuraasi kuriisi adessive kurallasi kurillasi ablative kuraltasi kuriltasi allative kurallesi kurillesi essive kuranasi kurinasi translative kuraksesi kuriksesi abessive kurattasi kurittasi instructive — — comitative — kurinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative kuramme kuramme accusative nom. kuramme kuramme gen. kuramme genitive kuramme kuriemme kuraimme rare partitive kuraamme kuriamme inessive kurassamme kurissamme elative kurastamme kuristamme illative kuraamme kuriimme adessive kurallamme kurillamme ablative kuraltamme kuriltamme allative kurallemme kurillemme essive kuranamme kurinamme translative kuraksemme kuriksemme abessive kurattamme kurittamme instructive — — comitative — kurinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative kuranne kuranne accusative nom. kuranne kuranne gen. kuranne genitive kuranne kurienne kurainne rare partitive kuraanne kurianne inessive kurassanne kurissanne elative kurastanne kuristanne illative kuraanne kuriinne adessive kurallanne kurillanne ablative kuraltanne kuriltanne allative kurallenne kurillenne essive kurananne kurinanne translative kuraksenne kuriksenne abessive kurattanne kurittanne instructive — — comitative — kurinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative kuransa kuransa accusative nom. kuransa kuransa gen. kuransa genitive kuransa kuriensa kurainsa rare partitive kuraansa kuriaan kuriansa inessive kurassaan kurassansa kurissaan kurissansa elative kurastaan kurastansa kuristaan kuristansa illative kuraansa kuriinsa adessive kurallaan kurallansa kurillaan kurillansa ablative kuraltaan kuraltansa kuriltaan kuriltansa allative kuralleen kurallensa kurilleen kurillensa essive kuranaan kuranansa kurinaan kurinansa translative kurakseen kuraksensa kurikseen kuriksensa abessive kurattaan kurattansa kurittaan kurittansa instructive — — comitative — kurineen kurinensa

Derived terms

• kuraantua
• kurainen
• kurata

 

compounds

• kuraeteinen
• kurahousut
• kurakeli
• kuralammikko
• kuralapaset
• kuralätäkkö
• kuramatto
• kurapuku
• kuraputti
• kurarukkanen
• kurasaappaat
• kuravelli
• kuravesi

 

Further reading

• “kura”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02

Anagrams

• karu

Hausa

Noun

kūrā f (plural kūrā̀yē, possessed form kūrar̃)

1. hyena

Ingrian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *kura. Cognates include dialectal Finnish kura and dialectal Estonian kura.

Pronunciation

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈkurɑ/, [ˈkurɑ]
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈkurɑ/, [ˈkurɑ]
• Rhymes: -urɑ
• Hyphenation: ku‧ra

Adjective

kura

1. left
   • 1936, L. G. Terehova, V. G. Erdeli, translated by Mihailov and P. I. Maksimov, Geografia: oppikirja iƶoroin alkușkoulun kolmatta klaassaa vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-Pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 5:

     Kurast poolest meitä kiiree vilkahti orava.

     From the left side a squirrel flashed past us.

Declension

Declension of kura (type 3/koira, no gradation, gemination)
	singular	plural
nominative	kura	kurat
genitive	kuran	kurriin
partitive	kurraa	kurria
illative	kurraa	kurrii
inessive	kuras	kuris
elative	kurast	kurist
allative	kuralle	kurille
adessive	kural	kuril
ablative	kuralt	kurilt
translative	kuraks	kuriks
essive	kuranna, kurraan	kurinna, kurriin
exessive1)	kurant	kurint
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

Antonyms

• oikia

Derived terms

• kural
• kuruli

 

References

• V. I. Junus (1936) Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka‎^[2], Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 59
• Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 221
• Olga I. Konkova, Nikita A. Dyachkov (2014) Inkeroin Keel: Пособие по Ижорскому Языку‎^[3], →ISBN, page 79

Japanese

Romanization

kura

1. Rōmaji transcription of くら

Latvian

Pronoun

kura

1. inflection of kurš:
   1. genitive singular masculine
   2. nominative singular feminine

Livonian

Etymology

Related to Veps hura (“left”) and Votic kurõa.

Adjective

kura

1. left (opposite of right)

Lower Sorbian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *kura.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkura/

Noun

kura f (diminutive kurka)

1. chicken, hen

Declension

Declension of kura

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	kura	kurje	kury
Genitive	kury	kurowu	kurow
Dative	kurje	kuroma	kuram
Accusative	kuru	kurje	kury
Instrumental	kuru	kuroma	kurami
Locative	kurje	kuroma	kurach

Synonyms

• kokoš f

Further reading

• Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928) “kura”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008
• Starosta, Manfred (1999) “kura”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag

Maori

Etymology 1

From Proto-Polynesian *kula from Proto-Oceanic *gurat “noni, Morinda citrifolia”, referring to use of its roots that yield a red dye. Cognate with Fijian kura.

Noun

kura

1. red

   Synonyms: whero, mea

Colors in Maori · ngā tae (layout · text)

tea, mā	kiwikiwi	pango
mea, kura, whero	karaka; parauri	kōwhai, renga
	kāriki, kākāriki	kārikiuri
	kikorangi	kahurangi
tūāuri	waiporoporo	māwhero

Etymology 2

From English school.

Noun

kura

1. school, an educational institution providing primary and secondary education.

Etymology 3

Likely related to Samoan 'ulo “pot, cauldron”, Tongan kulo “cauldron” and Fijian kuro “claypot” all from Proto-Oceanic *kuron “cooking pot” from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kudən, from Proto-Austronesian *kudən. (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

kura

1. liquid container, tank

Derived terms

• kurawai

Further reading

• Williams, Herbert William (1917) “kura”, in A Dictionary of the Maori Language, pages 183-4
• “kura” in John C. Moorfield, Te Aka: Maori–English, English–Maori Dictionary and Index, 3rd edition, Longman/Pearson Education New Zealand, 2011, →ISBN.

Mapudungun

Noun

kura (Raguileo spelling)

1. stone

References

• Wixaleyiñ: Mapucezugun-wigkazugun pici hemvlcijka (Wixaleyiñ: Small Mapudungun-Spanish dictionary), Beretta, Marta; Cañumil, Dario; Cañumil, Tulio, 2008.

Old Czech

Alternative forms

• kúra

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kura. By surface analysis, kur +‎ -a.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (13^th CE) /ˈkura/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /ˈkura/

Noun

kura f

1. hen

Declension

Declension of kura (hard a-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	kura	kuřě	kury
genitive	kury	kurú	kur
dative	kuřě	kurama	kurám
accusative	kuru	kuřě	kury
vocative	kuro	kuřě	kury
locative	kuřě	kurú	kurách
instrumental	kurú	kurama	kurami

This table shows the most common forms around the 13th century.
See also Appendix:Old Czech nouns and Appendix:Old Czech pronunciation.

Descendants

• Czech: kura, koura

Further reading

• Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “kura”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění

Pitjantjatjara

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈkʊrɐ]

Adjective

kura

1. bad
2. useless

Antonyms

• palya (“good”)

Derived terms

• kura-kura (“ordinary, mundane; poor-quality; weird, strange”)
• kuraṉi (“to spoil, to make bad”)
• kuranmananyi (“to malign, to defame”)
• kuraringanyi (“to turn bad; to hate, to dislike; to break down”)

Polish

kura

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈku.ra/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ura
• Syllabification: ku‧ra
• Homophone: Kura

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kura.

Noun

kura f (male equivalent kogut, diminutive kurka, augmentative kurzysko)

1. hen

Declension

Declension of kura

	singular	plural
nominative	kura	kury
genitive	kury	kur
dative	kurze	kurom
accusative	kurę	kury
instrumental	kurą	kurami
locative	kurze	kurach
vocative	kuro	kury

Derived terms

adjective

• kurzy

 

verbs

• chodzić spać z kurami impf

 

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

kura m animal

1. genitive/accusative singular of kur

Further reading

• kura in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• kura in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Rwanda-Rundi

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

-kûra (infinitive gukûra, perfective -kûye)

1. remove, take away

Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *-kʊ́da.

Verb

-kúra (infinitive gukúra, perfective -kúze)

1. grow up

Slovak

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kura.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkura/

Noun

kura n

1. chicken

Declension

Declension of kura

	singular	plural
nominative	kura	kuratá / kurence
genitive	kuraťa	kuriat / kureniec
dative	kuraťu	kuratám / kurencom
accusative	kura	kuratá / kurence
locative	kurati	kuratách / kurencoch
instrumental	kuraťom	kuratami / kurencami

Related terms

• kurča n
• kurací, kurčací
• kuriatko n, kurčiatko n

Further reading

• “kura”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2024

Slovene

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *kura.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kùːra/

Noun

kúra f

1. hen (female chicken)

   Synonym: kokọ̑š

Inflection

The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.

Feminine, a-stem
nom. sing.	kúra
gen. sing.	kúre
	singular	dual	plural
nominative (imenovȃlnik)	kúra	kúri	kúre
genitive (rodȋlnik)	kúre	kúr	kúr
dative (dajȃlnik)	kúri	kúrama	kúram
accusative (tožȋlnik)	kúro	kúri	kúre
locative (mẹ̑stnik)	kúri	kúrah	kúrah
instrumental (orọ̑dnik)	kúro	kúrama	kúrami

Further reading

• “kura”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU (in Slovene), 2014–2024

Swahili

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic قُرْعَة (qurʕa).

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Noun

kura class IX (plural kura class X)

1. lot (as in drawing lots)
2. ballot

Derived terms

• -piga kura

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish kura. Cognate with English cower, German kauern (“to squat”).

Verb

kura (present kurar, preterite kurade, supine kurat, imperative kura)

1. to huddle, to cower

   Vi fann honom kurande bakom en trästock

   We found him cowering behind a log

2. (in "kura ihop sig") to curl up
3. (by extension) to hole up (usually figuratively, of staying in some place in a somewhat asocial manner or the like)

   sitta hemma och kura

   be holed up at home

Conjugation

Conjugation of kura (weak)

	Active		Passive
Infinitive	kura		kuras
Supine	kurat		kurats
Imperative	kura		—
Imper. plural1	kuren		—
	Present	Past	Present	Past
Indicative	kurar	kurade	kuras	kurades
Ind. plural1	kura	kurade	kuras	kurades
Subjunctive2	kure	kurade	kures	kurades
	Participles
Present participle	kurande
Past participle	—
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

Derived terms

• kurragömma (“hide and seek”)

See also

• krypa ihop (“curl up”)

References

• kura in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• kura in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• kura in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

Tagalog

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Spanish cura, from Ecclesiastical Latin cūra (“monastic office holder, obedientiary”) from Latin cūra (“warden, administrator”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ˈkuɾa/ [ˈkuː.ɾɐ]
• Rhymes: -uɾa
• Syllabification: ku‧ra

Noun

kura (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜇ)

1. (ecclesiastical) curate; parish priest

   Synonyms: pari, kura paroko, saserdote, (colloquial) among

Related terms

• kura paroko

 

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ˈkuɾaʔ/ [ˈkuː.ɾɐʔ]
• Rhymes: -uɾaʔ
• Syllabification: ku‧ra

Noun

kurà (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜇ)

1. outdoor picnic held near a spring, river, lake, or any waterway

   Synonym: piknik

Further reading

• “kura”, in KWF Diksiyonaryo ng Wikang Filipino, Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino, 2024
• “kura”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

Turkish

Etymology

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish قرعه, from Arabic قُرْعة (qurʕa).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ku.ɾaː/

Noun

kura (definite accusative kurayı, plural kuralar)

1. Choosing the outcome among two or more candidates by chance; drawing lots, drawing straws.

   Synonyms: çekiliş, ad çekimi, ad çekme

Declension

Inflection
Nominative	kura
Definite accusative	kurayı
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	kura	kuralar
Definite accusative	kurayı	kuraları
Dative	kuraya	kuralara
Locative	kurada	kuralarda
Ablative	kuradan	kuralardan
Genitive	kuranın	kuraların
Possessive forms Nominative Singular Plural 1st singular kuram kuralarım 2nd singular kuran kuraların 3rd singular kurası kuraları 1st plural kuramız kuralarımız 2nd plural kuranız kuralarınız 3rd plural kuraları kuraları Definite accusative Singular Plural 1st singular kuramı kuralarımı 2nd singular kuranı kuralarını 3rd singular kurasını kuralarını 1st plural kuramızı kuralarımızı 2nd plural kuranızı kuralarınızı 3rd plural kuralarını kuralarını Dative Singular Plural 1st singular kurama kuralarıma 2nd singular kurana kuralarına 3rd singular kurasına kuralarına 1st plural kuramıza kuralarımıza 2nd plural kuranıza kuralarınıza 3rd plural kuralarına kuralarına Locative Singular Plural 1st singular kuramda kuralarımda 2nd singular kuranda kuralarında 3rd singular kurasında kuralarında 1st plural kuramızda kuralarımızda 2nd plural kuranızda kuralarınızda 3rd plural kuralarında kuralarında Ablative Singular Plural 1st singular kuramdan kuralarımdan 2nd singular kurandan kuralarından 3rd singular kurasından kuralarından 1st plural kuramızdan kuralarımızdan 2nd plural kuranızdan kuralarınızdan 3rd plural kuralarından kuralarından Genitive Singular Plural 1st singular kuramın kuralarımın 2nd singular kuranın kuralarının 3rd singular kurasının kuralarının 1st plural kuramızın kuralarımızın 2nd plural kuranızın kuralarınızın 3rd plural kuralarının kuralarının

Related terms

• piyango

Noun

kura

1. dative singular of kur

Further reading

• “kura”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu

Yoruba

Etymology 1

From Hausa kūrā (“hyena”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kú.ɾá/

Noun

kúrá

1. An irredeemable person, unrepentant, hopeless, rogue

Etymology 2

kú (“to die”) +‎ rà (“to decay”)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kú.ɾà/

Verb

kúrà

1. to decompose

Derived terms

• ìkúrà (“decomposition”)

 

Etymology 3

kú (“to die”) +‎ ara (“body”)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kú.ɾā/

Verb

kúra

1. to feel numb, to suffer from numbness, to be impotent

Derived terms

• ìkúra (“numbness, impotence”)

 

Etymology 4

Alternative forms

• kùrà-kùrà

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kù.ɾà/

Ideophone

kùrà

1. Emphasizing the act of scooping or digging dirt with one's hands

   Mò ń bu iyẹ̀pẹ̀ kùrà ― I am heavily scooping up dirt