kvailas
Lithuanian
editEtymology
editProbably from an unattested *kvaiklas (with dissimilation of the -kl- to -l-), itself from *kvaitla, a nominal formation from the same root as kvaĩsti (“to become stunned, dazed”), of unknown origin.[1] The closest phonetic match, Proto-Indo-European *kʷey- (in either the "perceive, revere" or "to gather, layer" senses), is semantically distant.
According to Fraenkel, in addition to kvaĩsti, related to kvaĩkti (“to become stunned, dazed”), kváikė (“stupid woman, stupid thing”), kvaitulỹs (“dizziness”), kvaĩšas, kvaišà (“stupid person”), kvaĩšti (“to become stupid, stunned, dazed”), kváišinti (“to fool, tease, make dizzy”), kvaitýtis (“to behave foolishly”).[2]
According to Būga (cited by Fraenkel), in ablaut with kuitė́ti (“to perish, faint”).
Pronunciation
editAdjective
editkvaĩlas m (feminine kvailà) stress pattern 4[3]
Declension
editRelated terms
edit- (noun, fool): kvailys, kvaila
- (noun, foolishness): kvailumas, kvailybė, kvailystė
- (verb): kvailioti (“be foolish; fool around”), kvailėti (“become foolish”), kvailinti (“fool, dupe; call a fool”)
- (adverb): kvailai (“foolishly”), kvailyn (“becoming more foolish”)
- (adjective): kvailokas (“doltish”), puskvailis (“half-foolish”), apykvailis (“rather foolish”), pokvailis (“somewhat foolish”), priekvailis (“a little foolish”)
References
edit- ^ Smoczyński, Wojciech (2007) “kvaĩlas”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka litewskiego[1] (in Polish), Vilnius: Uniwersytet Wileński, page 330
- ^ Fraenkel, Ernst (1955, 1962–1965) “kvaĩkti”, in Litauisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume I, Heidelberg-Göttingen: Carl Winter and Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, page 324
- ^ “kvailas”, in Lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of the Lithuanian language], lkz.lt, 1941–2024