lakkuma
Estonian
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Finnic *lakkudak, of sound-symbolic origin. Similar stems can be found in other languages, such as Russian лака́ть (lakátʹ) and Latvian lakt.
Pronunciation
editVerb
editlakkuma (da-infinitive lakkuda) (transitive, usually atelic)
- to lap, to lap up (to take liquid into the mouth with the tongue)
- (colloquial, derogatory) to drink (alcohol) in large amounts
- to lick (to slide one's tongue over sth)
- Synonym: limpsima
- (informal, also figuratively) to comb one's hair smooth, near the head; overpolish
Conjugation
editConjugation of lakkuma (ÕS type 28/õppima, kk-k gradation)
indicative | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
present | perfect | ||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
1st sing. | lakun | ei laku | 1st sing. | olen lakkunud | ei ole lakkunud pole lakkunud | ||||
2nd sing. | lakud | 2nd sing. | oled lakkunud | ||||||
3rd sing. | lakub | 3rd sing. | on lakkunud | ||||||
1st plur. | lakume | 1st plur. | oleme lakkunud | ||||||
2nd plur. | lakute | 2nd plur. | olete lakkunud | ||||||
3rd plur. | lakuvad | 3rd plur. | on lakkunud | ||||||
impersonal | lakutakse | ei lakuta | impersonal | on lakutud | ei ole lakutud pole lakutud | ||||
past | pluperfect | ||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
1st sing. | lakkusin | ei lakkunud | 1st sing. | olin lakkunud | ei olnud lakkunud polnud lakkunud | ||||
2nd sing. | lakkusid | 2nd sing. | olid lakkunud | ||||||
3rd sing. | lakkus | 3rd sing. | oli lakkunud | ||||||
1st plur. | lakkusime | 1st plur. | olime lakkunud | ||||||
2nd plur. | lakkusite | 2nd plur. | olite lakkunud | ||||||
3rd plur. | lakkusid | 3rd plur. | oli lakkunud | ||||||
impersonal | lakuti | ei lakutud | impersonal | oli lakutud | ei olnud lakutud polnud lakutud | ||||
conditional | |||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
1st sing. | lakuksin | ei lakuks | 1st sing. | lakkunuksin oleksin lakkunud |
ei lakkunuks ei oleks lakkunud poleks lakkunud | ||||
2nd sing. | lakuksid | 2nd sing. | lakkunuksid oleksid lakkunud | ||||||
3rd sing. | lakuks | 3rd sing. | lakkunuks oleks lakkunud | ||||||
1st plur. | lakuksime | 1st plur. | lakkunuksime oleksime lakkunud | ||||||
2nd plur. | lakuksite | 2nd plur. | lakkunuksite oleksite lakkunud | ||||||
3rd plur. | lakuksid | 3rd plur. | lakkunuksid oleksid lakkunud | ||||||
impersonal | lakutaks | ei lakutaks | impersonal | oleks lakutud | ei oleks lakutud poleks lakutud | ||||
imperative | |||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||
2nd sing. | laku | ära laku | 2nd sing. | ole lakkunud | ära ole lakkunud | ||||
3rd sing. | lakkugu | ärgu lakkugu | 3rd sing. | olgu lakkunud | ärgu olgu lakkunud | ||||
1st plur. | lakkugem | ärme lakume ärme laku ärgem lakkugem |
1st plur. | olgem lakkunud | ärme oleme lakkunud ärme ole lakkunud ärgem olgem lakkunud | ||||
2nd plur. | lakkuge | ärge lakkuge | 2nd plur. | olge lakkunud | ärge olge lakkunud | ||||
3rd plur. | lakkugu | ärgu lakkugu | 3rd plur. | olgu lakkunud | ärgu olgu lakkunud | ||||
impersonal | lakutagu | ärgu lakutagu | impersonal | olgu lakutud | ärgu olgu lakutud | ||||
quotative | |||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||
voice | positive | negative | voice | positive | negative | ||||
active | lakkuvat | ei lakkuvat | active | olevat lakkunud | ei olevat lakkunud polevat lakkunud | ||||
passive | lakutavat | ei lakutavat | passive | olevat lakutud | ei olevat lakutud polevat lakutud | ||||
Nominal forms | |||||||||
ma-infinitive | active | passive | da-infinitive | present | past | ||||
nominative | lakkuma | lakutama | nominative | lakkuda | olla lakkunud | ||||
illative | — | inessive | lakkudes | olles lakkunud | |||||
inessive | lakkumas | participle | active | passive | |||||
elative | lakkumast | present | lakkuv | lakutav | |||||
translative | lakkumaks | past | lakkunud | lakutud | |||||
abessive | lakkumata | negative | lakkumatu | — |
Derived terms
editadjectives
nouns
verbs
Compound nouns
editCompound verbs
editReferences
editCategories:
- Estonian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Estonian terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Estonian sound-symbolic terms
- Estonian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Estonian/ɑkːumɑ
- Rhymes:Estonian/ɑkːumɑ/3 syllables
- Estonian lemmas
- Estonian verbs
- Estonian transitive verbs
- Estonian colloquialisms
- Estonian derogatory terms
- Estonian informal terms
- Estonian õppima-type verbs
- et:Drinking