Wiktionary

lap

See also: LAP, Lap, láp, lập, lấp, lặp, lắp, ļap, and łap

English

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Middle English lappe, from Old English læppa (“skirt or flap of a garment”), from Proto-Germanic *lappô (“cloth; rag”), of uncertain origin, possibly Proto-Indo-European *leb- (“to hang loosely”).[1][2] Cognate with Dutch lap (“cloth; rag”), German Lappen (“cloth; lobe; flap”), Icelandic leppur (“rag; patch”).

Noun

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lap (plural laps)

  1. The loose part of a coat; the lower part of a garment that plays loosely; a skirt; an apron.
  2. An edge; a border; a hem, as of cloth.
  3. The part of the clothing that lies on the knees or thighs when one sits down; that part of the person thus covered.
  4. (figuratively) A place of rearing and fostering.
    Coordinate term: knee
  5. The upper legs of a seated person.
    The boy was sitting on his mother's lap.
  6. (archaic, euphemistic) The female pudenda. [17th century]
  7. (engineering) A component that overlaps or covers any portion of itself or of an adjacent component.
Derived terms
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Translations
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The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Verb

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lap (third-person singular simple present laps, present participle lapping, simple past and past participle lapped)

  1. (transitive) To enfold; to hold as in one's lap; to cherish.
  2. (transitive) To rest or recline in someone's lap, or as in a lap.

References

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  1. ^ Douglas Harper (2001–2024) “lap”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
  2. ^ Roberts, Edward A. (2014) “lapa”, in A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the Spanish Language with Families of Words based on Indo-European Roots, Xlibris Corporation, →ISBN

Etymology 2

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From Middle English lappen (“to fold, wrap”) from earlier wlappen (“to fold, wrap”), from Old English *wlappan, *wlæppan, *wlappian (“to wrap”), from Proto-Germanic *wlapp-, *wrapp- (“to wrap, fold, roll up, turn”), from Proto-Indo-European *werb- (“to bend, turn”).

Cognate with Middle Dutch lappen (“to wrap up, embrace”), dialectal Danish vravle (“to wind”), Old Italian goluppare (“to wrap, fold up”) (from Germanic). Doublet of wrap. Also related to envelop, develop.

The sense of "to get a lap ahead (of someone) on a track" is from 1847, on notion of "overlapping." The noun meaning "a turn around a track" (1861) is from this sense.

Verb

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lap (third-person singular simple present laps, present participle lapping, simple past and past participle lapped or (archaic) lapt)

  1. (transitive) To fold; to bend and lay over or on something.
    to lap a piece of cloth
  2. (transitive) to wrap around, enwrap, wrap up
    to lap a bandage around a finger
  3. (transitive) to envelop, enfold
    lapped in luxury
  4. (intransitive) to wind around
  5. (transitive) To place or lay (one thing) so as to overlap another.
    One laps roof tiles so that water can run off.
  7. (transitive) To polish (a surface, especially metal or gemstone) with very fine abrasive to achieve smoothness and small dimensional changes.
    Hypernym: cut
    Coordinate term: grind
  8. (intransitive) To be turned or folded; to lie partly on or over something; to overlap.
    The cloth laps back.
    The boats lap; the edges lap.
    • 1681, Nehemiah Grew, Musæum Regalis Societatis. Or A Catalogue & Description of the Natural and Artificial Rarities Belonging to the Royal Society and Preserved at Gresham Colledge. […], London: […] W. Rawlins, for the author, →OCLC:
      The upper wings are opacous […] ; at their hinder ends, where they lap over, transparent, like the wing of a fly.
  10. (transitive, sports, motor racing) To overtake a straggler in a race by completing one more whole lap than the straggler.
    Antonym: unlap
  11. To cut or polish with a lap, as glass, gems, cutlery, etc.
Derived terms
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Translations
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The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Noun

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lap (plural laps)

  1. The act or process of lapping.
  2. That part of any substance or fixture which extends over, or lies upon, or by the side of, a part of another.
    the lap of a board
  3. The state or condition of being in part extended over or by the side of something else; or the extent of the overlapping.
    The second boat got a lap of half its length on the leader.
  4. The amount by which a slide valve at its half stroke overlaps a port in the seat, being equal to the distance the valve must move from its mid stroke position in order to begin to open the port. Used alone, lap refers to outside lap (see below).
  5. (sports) One circuit around a race track.
    to run twenty laps
    to drive the fastest lap in qualifying
    to win by three laps
    • 2012 May 13, Andrew Benson, “Williams's Pastor Maldonado takes landmark Spanish Grand Prix win”, in BBC Sport‎[2]:
      Alonso's second place moves him into a tie on points at the head of the championship with Sebastian Vettel, who was sixth in his Red Bull, passing Button, then Hamilton and finally Mercedes driver Nico Rosberg in quick succession in the closing laps.
  6. (swimming) The traversal of one length of the pool, or (less commonly) one length and back again.
    to swim two laps
  7. In card playing and other games, the points won in excess of the number necessary to complete a game;—so called when they are counted in the score of the following game.
  8. A sheet, layer, or bat, of cotton fiber prepared for the carding machine.
  10. A piece of brass, lead, or other soft metal, used to hold a cutting or polishing powder in cutting glass, gems, etc. or in polishing cutlery or in toolmaking. It is usually in the form of a wheel or disk that revolves on a vertical axis.
Derived terms
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Translations
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The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Etymology 3

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From Middle English lappen, from Old English lapian, from Proto-Germanic *lapōną, *lapjaną (“to lick; lap”), from imitative Proto-Indo-European *leh₂b- (“to lap, lick”); akin to Old High German laffen (“to lick”), Old Norse lepja, Danish labe, Old Saxon lepil, German Löffel (“spoon”). Cognate with Latin lambere (“lick”). French lamper is a loanword from German. Compare Danish leffe, dialect German läffeln.

Verb

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lap (third-person singular simple present laps, present participle lapping, simple past and past participle lapped or (archaic) lapt)

  1. (transitive, intransitive) To take (liquid) into the mouth with the tongue; to lick up with a quick motion of the tongue.
    Don’t lap your soup like that! You look like a dog.
  2. (intransitive, of water) To wash against a surface with a splashing sound; to swash.
Derived terms
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Translations
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Noun

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lap (countable and uncountable, plural laps)

  1. The taking of liquid into the mouth with the tongue.
    • 1955, Ann Haven Morgan, Kinships of Animals and Man: A Textbook of Animal Biology, page 176:
      With each lap of its tongue a cat gathers up milk and throws it well back into the gateway of its throat […]
  2. (obsolete, slang, uncountable) Liquor; alcoholic drink.
Translations
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Translations
References
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  • John Camden Hotten (1873) The Slang Dictionary

Further reading

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Etymology 4

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Noun

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lap (plural laps)

  1. (medicine, colloquial) Clipping of laparoscopy.
  2. (medicine, colloquial) Clipping of laparotomy.
Derived terms
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Adjective

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lap (not comparable)

  1. (medicine, colloquial) Clipping of laparoscopic.
Derived terms
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See also

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Anagrams

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Afrikaans

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Etymology

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From Dutch lap, from Middle Dutch lap, from Old Dutch lap.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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lap (plural lappe, diminutive lappie)

  1. A patch, a rag, a piece of cloth.
  2. A plot, a tract (of ground).

Derived terms

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Albanian

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Etymology

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From Proto-Albanian *lapa. An onomatopoeic cognate to Greek λάπτω (lápto, “to lick”), Lithuanian lapth (“to swallow greedily”), Proto-Slavic *lopati (“to eat greedily”), and the like.[1] Compare Italian allappare, Sicilian allippari.

Verb

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lap (aorist lapa)

  1. to slurp, lap up

Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “lap”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 212

Azerbaijani

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Etymology

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From Middle Mongol ᠯᠠᠪ (lab).[1][2] Compare Mongolian лав (lav, “clearly, actually, surely, evidently”).

Pronunciation

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Adverb

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lap

  1. even (emphasizing a comparative or superlative)
    Lap yaxşı! ― Even better![nt. 1]
  2. very
  3. downright, right, immediately, directly used to emphasize the following phrase
    dənizin lap kənarında ― right at the seashore

Usage notes

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  1. ^ Lap yaxşı is also used as a response to the interlocutor introducing him or herself and can be understood as a less formal way of saying 'nice to meet you':
    -Sizin adınız nədir? - Yaqub. - Lap yaxşı.
    -What is your name? - Jacob. - Very good.

Determiner

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lap

  1. very (the same; identical) (especially when used with həmin)
    lap həmin dəqiqə ― the very minute
    lap vaxtında ― at the right time

References

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  1. ^ Caferoğlu, A. (1954). Azerbaycan ve Anadolu Ağızlarındaki Moğolca Unsurlar. Türk Dili Araştırmaları Yıllığı-Belleten
  2. ^ The template Template:R:tr:Tokat 2014 does not use the parameter(s): 
    page=190
    Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.    Tokat, Feyza (2014) “On the Common Words in Mongolian and the Turkish Dialects in Turkey”, in The Journal of International Social Research (Uluslararası Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi)‎[1], volume 7, number 32, →ISSN, pages 185-198.

Further reading

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  • “lap” in Obastan.com.

Dutch

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Middle Dutch lap, lappe, from Old Dutch lap, from Proto-Germanic *lappa-, *lappô (“rag, cloth”), of uncertain origin, possibly Proto-Indo-European *leb- (“to hang loosely”).[1][2] Cognate with German Lappen.

Noun

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lap m (plural lappen, diminutive lapje n)

  1. a rag, a piece of cloth
  2. a patch, a piece of cloth
  3. a slice of meat
  4. a plot, a tract (of ground)
Derived terms
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Descendants
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  • Afrikaans: lap
  • Negerhollands: lap
  • → Caribbean Javanese: lap
  • → Indonesian: lap
  • → Papiamentu: lapi

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Douglas Harper (2001–2024) “lap”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
  2. ^ Roberts, Edward A. (2014) “lapa”, in A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the Spanish Language with Families of Words based on Indo-European Roots, Xlibris Corporation, →ISBN

Etymology 2

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Probably from Etymology 1 above, which dialectally meant "blow, strike", from which a semantic shift may have taken place to "stupidity". Or, possibly related leppen (“to lap up, drink sloppily or audibly”); the semantic shift would then be from "childlike" (as one who drinks sloppily) to "foolish".

Noun

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lap m (plural lappen, diminutive lapje n)

  1. (obsolete, except in compounds) a bloke, dude, bum; especially a drunk or objectionable one
Derived terms
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Further reading

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Etymology 3

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Interjection

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lap

  1. (chiefly Belgium) exclamation of dismay, disappointment

Etymology 4

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

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lap

  1. inflection of lappen:
    1. first-person singular present indicative
    2. (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
    3. imperative

Anagrams

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Hungarian

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(1) üveglap
 
(2) papírlap
 
(4) napilap

Etymology

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From Proto-Uralic *lappɜ (“flat surface”), either directly or as a back-formation from lapos.[1][2]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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lap (plural lapok)

  1. sheet (thin, flat piece of any solid material)
    • 2004, “Spárgatorta”, in Petőfi Népe‎[3], volume 59, number 117:
      A leveles tésztát kinyújtjuk, a lapokat egymásra fektetjük, és még egyszer kinyújtjuk.
      Roll out the puff pastry dough, lay the sheets on top of each other, and roll out once more.
  2. sheet (piece of paper, usually rectangular, that has been prepared for writing, printing or other uses)
    Synonyms: ív, papírlap
    • 1982, István Pintér, “A Veréb is akció”, in Somogyi Néplap‎[4], volume 38, number 285:
      Kitépett egy lapot a noteszából, néhány sort írt rá.
      He tore a sheet from his notebook and wrote a couple of lines on it.
  3. (proscribed, archaic) page (one side of a written or printed paper sheet)
    Synonym: oldal
    • 1868, Balázs Orbán, “Sugópatak zuhatagjai”, in A Székelyföld leírása:
      Mellékelt képünk ezen zuhatagot tünteti elő. (Lásd a 74. lapon.)
      The accompanying illustration shows this waterfall. (See page 74.)
  4. newspaper, magazine, periodical (publication issued regularly)
    Hyponyms: hírlap, újság, folyóirat, magazin
    • 1930, “Újdonságok”, in Pápai Hírlap‎[5], volume 27, number 45:
      Ezenkívül háziipari, iparművészeti, háztartási cikkeket olvasunk ebben az egyedülálló magyar női lapban.
      We can also read articles on homecrafts, applied arts and housekeeping in this unique Hungarian women's magazine.
  5. greeting card, postcard (decorated card made of thick paper that is sent or given to someone)
    Hyponyms: üdvözlőlap, képeslap, levelezőlap
    • 1994, Tivadar Petercsák, chapter I, in A képes levelezőlap története‎[6]:
      A lapok címzési oldalának jobb felső sarkába nyomtatták a sárga színű bélyeget.
      The yellow stamp was printed in the top right corner of the address side of the cards.
  6. playing card (one piece out of a pack of cards used to play games)
    Synonym: kártyalap
    • 1992, György Somlyó, “Azután”, in Holmi‎[7], volume 4, number 4:
      A pakliban egyetlen cinkelt lap sem található.
      There isn't a single marked card in the deck.
  7. (computing) page (one of many documents opened in a tabbed interface)
    • 2011, Botond Kopacz, “1.4 Biztonsági funkciók”, in Internet Explorer 9 a zsebben‎[8]:
      De mi a helyzet abban az esetben, ha egyszerre több megnyitott lappal dolgozunk, és az egyik lap lefagy?
      But what if we are working with several pages open at once, and one of them crashes?
  8. (geometry) face (any of the flat bounding surfaces of a polyhedron)
    Synonym: (a less technical term in this sense) oldal
    • 1983, Euclid, “Tizenkettedik könyv”, in Gyula Mayer, transl., Elemek‎[9]:
      Vegyünk egy hasábot, melynek alapja az ABC háromszög s szemközti lapja DEF.
      Consider a prism whose base is triangle ABC, and the opposite face is DEF.
  9. (in the possessive) top (the flat, horizontal surface of a table or desk)
    Synonym: asztallap
    • 1915, Kurt Matull, chapter XV, in A ​przemysli repülő‎[10]:
      Leült az íróasztala elé, keresztbe tette lábait és idegesen dobolt az asztal lapján.
      He sat down before his desk, crossed his legs and started nervously tapping on the desktop.
  10. (in the possessive) flat (flat side of something, as opposed to the edge)
    • 2013, “Csábító fogások vasban gazdag májjal”, in Heves Megyei Hírlap‎[11], volume 24, number 45:
      A fokhagymát megtisztítjuk, és a kés lapjával szétnyomjuk.
      Peel the garlic, and crush it with the flat of the knife.

Declension

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Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
singular plural
nominative lap lapok
accusative lapot lapokat
dative lapnak lapoknak
instrumental lappal lapokkal
causal-final lapért lapokért
translative lappá lapokká
terminative lapig lapokig
essive-formal lapként lapokként
essive-modal — —
inessive lapban lapokban
superessive lapon lapokon
adessive lapnál lapoknál
illative lapba lapokba
sublative lapra lapokra
allative laphoz lapokhoz
elative lapból lapokból
delative lapról lapokról
ablative laptól lapoktól
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		lapé lapoké
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		lapéi lapokéi
Possessive forms of lap
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. lapom lapjaim
2nd person sing. lapod lapjaid
3rd person sing. lapja lapjai
1st person plural lapunk lapjaink
2nd person plural lapotok lapjaitok
3rd person plural lapjuk lapjaik

Derived terms

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Compound words with this term at the beginning
Compound words with this term at the end
Expressions

References

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  1. ^ Entry #458 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
  2. ^ lap in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)

Further reading

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  • lap in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

Indonesian

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Dutch lap, from Middle Dutch lap, lappe, from Old Dutch lap, from Proto-Germanic *lappa-, *lappô (“rag, cloth”), of uncertain origin, possibly Proto-Indo-European *leb- (“to hang loosely”).

Noun

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lap

  1. rag (a piece of old cloth, especially one used for cleaning, patching, etc.)

Verb

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lap (active mengelap, passive dilap)

  1. to wipe

Etymology 2

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From English lap, from Middle English lappen (“to fold, wrap”) from earlier wlappen (“to fold, wrap”), from Old English *wlappan, *wlæppan, *wlappian (“to wrap”), from Proto-Germanic *wlapp-, *wrapp- (“to wrap, fold, roll up, turn”), from Proto-Indo-European *werb- (“to bend, turn”).

Noun

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lap

  1. lap (one circuit around a race track)
    Synonym: putaran
  2. lap (the traversal of one length of the pool)

Further reading

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Mòcheno

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Etymology

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From Middle High German loup, from Old High German loup, from Proto-West Germanic *laub, from Proto-Germanic *laubą (“leaf”). Cognate with German Laub, English leaf.

Noun

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lap n

  1. leaf

References

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Phalura

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Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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Adverb

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lap (Perso-Arabic spelling لپ)

  1. quickly
  2. soon

Alternative forms

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References

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  • Henrik Liljegren, Naseem Haider (2011) “lap”, in Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)‎[12], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN

Scots

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Verb

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lap

  1. simple past tense of leap

Alternative forms

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Tok Pisin

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Etymology

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From English laugh.

Noun

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lap

  1. laughter

Verb

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lap

  1. to laugh
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