lesen
Galician
editVerb
editlesen
German
editEtymology
editFrom Middle High German lesen, from Old High German lesan, from Proto-Germanic *lesaną (“to gather”), from Proto-Indo-European *les- (“to gather”). Cognate with English lease (“to gather”) [with an obsolete meaning], cognate with Dutch lezen (“to read”).
Pronunciation
edit- IPA(key): /ˈleːzn̩/ (Germany)
- IPA(key): /ˈleːsn̩/ (Austria)
Audio: (file) Audio: (file) Audio (Austria): (file)
Verb
editlesen (class 5 strong, third-person singular present liest, past tense las, past participle gelesen, past subjunctive läse, auxiliary haben)
- (transitive or intransitive) to read (look at and understand symbols, words, or data)
- (transitive) to select and gather or harvest (things like grapes)
Conjugation
editinfinitive | lesen | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | lesend | ||||
past participle | gelesen | ||||
auxiliary | haben | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
present | ich lese | wir lesen | i | ich lese | wir lesen |
du liest | ihr lest | du lesest | ihr leset | ||
er liest | sie lesen | er lese | sie lesen | ||
preterite | ich las | wir lasen | ii | ich läse1 | wir läsen1 |
du lasest du last |
ihr last | du läsest1 du läst1 |
ihr läset1 ihr läst1 | ||
er las | sie lasen | er läse1 | sie läsen1 | ||
imperative | lies (du) | lest (ihr) |
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
Derived terms
edit- ablesen
- anlesen
- auflesen
- auseinanderlesen
- auslesen
- belesen
- drüberlesen
- durchlesen
- einlesen
- erlesen
- gegenlesen
- guten Lesestoff abgeben
- herauslesen
- herunterlesen
- hineinlesen
- hinweglesen
- Lese-
- Lese- und Schreibfähigkeit
- Lese- und Schreibrecht
- lese-rechtschreibschwach
- Lese-Rechtschreibschwäche, Lese-Rechtschreib-Schwäche
- Lese-Rechtschreibstörung
- Lese-Schreibelektronik
- Lese-Schreibgeschwindigkeit
- Lese-Schreibschaltung
- Lese-Schreibspeicher
- Lese-Schreibverstärker
- Leseabend
- Leseaufführung
- Leseausweis
- Lesebändchen
- Lesebefehl
- Lesebereitschaft
- Lesebestätigung
- Lesebrille
- Lesebuch
- Lesebücher
- Lesedrama
- Leseecke
- Leseeinheit
- Leseerlebnis
- Leseexemplar
- Lesefähigkeit
- Lesefehler
- Lesefibel
- Lesefluss
- lesefreudig
- Lesefrucht
- Lesegenauigkeit
- Lesegerät
- Lesegeschwindigkeit
- Lesegesellschaft
- Lesegewohnheit
- Lesegruppe
- Lesegut
- Leseheft
- Lesehilfe
- Lesehore
- Lesehunger
- Lesekompetenz
- Lesekopf
- Lesekreis
- Lesekultur
- Leselampe
- Leseleistung
- Leseleuchte
- Leselicht
- Leseliste
- Lesemarathon
- Lesemarke
- Lesemöglichkeit
- Lesemuffel
- Lesen
- lesend
- lesenswert
- Leseordnung
- Lesepfeife
- Lesepistole
- Leseplatz
- Leseprobe
- Leseproblem
- Leseprogramm
- Lesepublikum
- Lesepuffer
- Lesepult
- Leser
- Leseranalyse
- Leseratte
- Leserausweis
- Leserbrief
- Leserbriefseite
- Leserbriefspalte
- Leserecht
- Lesereise
- Leserforschung
- Leserichtung
- Leserin
- Leserkolumne
- Leserkommentar
- Leserkreis
- leserlich
- Leserlichkeit
- Leserreise
- Leserreporter
- Leserschaft
- Leserstamm
- Lesertipp
- Leserverarsche
- Leserzahl
- Lesesaal
- Lesesessel
- Lesesicherheit
- Lesespaß
- Lesestab
- Leseständer
- Lesestation
- Lesestift
- Lesestoff
- Lesestück
- Lesetipp
- Leseübung
- Lesevergnügen
- Leseverständnis
- Leseverstärker
- Leseverstehen
- Leseversuch
- Lesevorgang
- Lesevorrichtung
- Lesewiederholung
- lesewürdig
- Lesewürdigkeit
- Lesewut
- lesewütig
- Lesewütigkeit
- Lesezeichen
- Lesezeiger
- Lesezirkel
- Lesezugriff
- Lesezusatz
- Lesezyklen
- Lesezyklus
- Lesung
- loslesen
- mitlesen
- nachlesen
- Nur-Lese-Speicher
- offener Leserahmen
- querlesen
- rauslesen
- runterlesen
- Schreib-Lese-Speicher
- selektives Leseverstehen
- überlesen
- verlesen
- voraus lesend
- vorlesen
- Vorlesung
- Weinlese
- weiterlesen
Further reading
editGerman Low German
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Germanic *lesaną.
Cognate with Dutch Low Saxon leazn, lezen; Plautdietsch läsen; German lesen; Dutch lezen.
Verb
editlesen (past singular lees, past participle leest or lesen, auxiliary verb hebben)
- (transitive or intransitive) to read
- Hest du de Daagbläder vunmorgen leest?
- Did you read the newspapers this morning?
- (rare, dated, transitive or intransitive) to gather up
Conjugation
editinfinitive | lesen | |
---|---|---|
indicative | present | preterite |
1st person singular | lees | lees |
2nd person singular | leess(t) | leess(t) |
3rd person singular | lees(t) | lees |
plural | leest, leesen | lesen |
imperative | present | — |
singular | lees(e) | |
plural | leest | |
participle | present | past |
lesen | (e)leest, geleest | |
Note: This conjugation is one of many; neither its grammar nor spelling apply to all dialects. |
infinitive | lesen | |
---|---|---|
indicative | present | preterite |
1st person singular | lees | lees |
2nd person singular | liss(t) | leess(t) |
3rd person singular | lis(t) | lees |
plural | leest, leesen | lesen |
imperative | present | — |
singular | lees | |
plural | leest | |
participle | present | past |
lesen | (e)lesen, gelesen | |
Note: This conjugation is one of many; neither its grammar nor spelling apply to all dialects. |
Hungarian
editEtymology
editPronunciation
editNoun
editlesen
Malay
editEtymology
editBorrowed from English licence. The loss of the final consonant -ce /s/ is either due to constraint against final consonant clusters, or being analysed as a plural ending (Malay lacked regular plurals).
Pronunciation
editNoun
editlesen (Jawi spelling ليسين, plural lesen-lesen, informal 1st possessive lesenku, 2nd possessive lesenmu, 3rd possessive lesennya)
- A licence.
Affixations
editCompounds
editAlternative forms
edit- lisensi (Indonesia)
Further reading
edit- “lesen” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
Middle Dutch
editEtymology
editFrom Old Dutch lesan, from Proto-West Germanic *lesan, from Proto-Germanic *lesaną, from Proto-Indo-European *les- (“to gather”).
Verb
editlēsen
Inflection
editThis verb needs an inflection-table template.
Descendants
editFurther reading
edit- “lesen (II)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “lesen (II)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page II
Middle High German
editEtymology
editInherited from Old High German lësan, from Proto-West Germanic *lesan, from Proto-Germanic *lesaną (“to collect”). The sense “to read”, found throughout North and West Germanic except English, is a semantic loan from Latin legō.
Pronunciation
editVerb
editlësen (class 5 strong, third-person singular present liset, past tense las, past participle gelësen, past subjunctive læse, auxiliary hān)
Conjugation
editinfinitive | lësen | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
genitive gerund | lësennes lësenes | ||||
dative gerund | lësenne lësene | ||||
present participle | lësende | ||||
past participle | gelësen | ||||
auxiliary | hān | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
present | ich lise | wir lësen | i | ich lëse | wir lësen |
du lisest | ir lëset | du lësest | ir lëset | ||
ër liset | sie lësent | ër lëse | sie lësen | ||
preterite | ich las | wir lāsen | ii | ich læse | wir læsen |
du læse | ir lāset | du læsest | ir læset | ||
ër las | sie lāsen | ër læse | sie læsen | ||
imperative | lis (du) | lëset (ir) |
Descendants
editNorwegian Nynorsk
editParticiple
editlesen (neuter lese, definite singular and plural lesne)
- past participle of lesa
Anagrams
edit- Galician non-lemma forms
- Galician verb forms
- German terms inherited from Middle High German
- German terms derived from Middle High German
- German terms inherited from Old High German
- German terms derived from Old High German
- German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- German terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- German 2-syllable words
- German terms with IPA pronunciation
- German terms with audio pronunciation
- German lemmas
- German verbs
- German strong verbs
- German class 5 strong verbs
- German verbs using haben as auxiliary
- German transitive verbs
- German intransitive verbs
- German Low German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- German Low German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- German Low German lemmas
- German Low German verbs
- German Low German transitive verbs
- German Low German intransitive verbs
- German Low German terms with usage examples
- German Low German terms with rare senses
- German Low German dated terms
- Low German weak verbs
- Low German class 5 strong verbs
- Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hungarian non-lemma forms
- Hungarian noun forms
- Malay terms borrowed from English
- Malay terms derived from English
- Malay terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Malay/sen
- Rhymes:Malay/en
- Rhymes:Malay/en/2 syllables
- Malay lemmas
- Malay nouns
- Middle Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch
- Middle Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch
- Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Middle Dutch lemmas
- Middle Dutch verbs
- Middle Dutch class 5 strong verbs
- Middle High German terms inherited from Old High German
- Middle High German terms derived from Old High German
- Middle High German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Middle High German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Middle High German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Middle High German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Middle High German semantic loans from Latin
- Middle High German terms derived from Latin
- Middle High German terms with IPA pronunciation
- Middle High German lemmas
- Middle High German verbs
- Middle High German strong verbs
- Middle High German class 5 strong verbs
- Middle High German verbs using hān as auxiliary
- Norwegian Nynorsk non-lemma forms
- Norwegian Nynorsk participles
- Norwegian Nynorsk past participles