marijuana

English

Alternative forms

• marihuana (less common)

Etymology

Borrowed from Mexican Spanish marihuana, from mariguana. First attested in 1874 in the publications of Hubert Howe Bancroft. Altered by influence of a folk etymology involving the proper name María Juana (“Mary Jane”).

Pronunciation

• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˌmɛɹɪˈwɑ.nə/, /ˌmæɹ-/, /-ˈhwɑ-/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˌmæɹɪˈwɑː.nə/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

Noun

marijuana (usually uncountable, plural marijuanas)

2. The inflorescence of the Cannabis sativa plant, smoked or ingested for euphoric effect.

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:marijuana

   After smoking a bowl of that fine marijuana, they ate some brownies.

   • 1957, Jack Kerouac, chapter 13, in On the Road, Viking Press, →OCLC, part 1:

     You could smell tea, weed, I mean marijuana, floating in the air, together with the chili beans and beer.

   • 2017 April 2, “Marijuana”, in Last Week Tonight with John Oliver, season 4, episode 7, John Oliver (actor), via HBO:

     Exactly. Marijuana is something we just all gradually decided is okay, like Mark Wahlberg as a serious actor. “You know what? Sure, I’ve decided I’m fine with that.”

3. The hemp plant itself, Cannabis sativa.

Derived terms

• antimarijuana
• marijuanalike
• medical marijuana
• nonmarijuana
• promarijuana

 

Descendants

• → Italian: marijuana

Translations

drug

• Afrikaans: dagga (af), marijuana
• Albanian: marihuanë f
• Arabic: مَارِيجْوَانَا f (marijwānā), حَشِيش (ar) m (ḥašīš)

  Egyptian Arabic: بانجو m (bangu)

  Hijazi Arabic: حشيش m (ḥašīš), ماروانا f (māriwāna)

• Armenian: մարիխուանա (hy) (marixuana), պլան (hy) (plan), կանեփ (hy) (kanepʻ)
• Azerbaijani: esrar, marixuana
• Belarusian: марыхуа́на f (maryxuána)
• Bengali: গাঁজা (bn) (gãja)
• Bulgarian: марихуа́на (bg) f (marihuána)
• Burmese: ဘင်း (my) (bhang:), ဆေးခြောက် (my) (hce:hkrauk), မူယစ်ဆေး (muyachce:), ဂန်ဂျာ (my) (gan-gya)
• Catalan: marihuana (ca) f
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 大麻 (daai⁶ maa⁴)

  Hokkien: 大麻 (zh-min-nan) (tōa-môa)

  Mandarin: 大麻 (zh) (dàmá)

• Czech: marihuana (cs) f
• Danish: marijuana c
• Dutch: marihuana (nl)
• Esperanto: mariĥuano
• Estonian: marihuaana
• Finnish: marihuana (fi)
• French: marijuana (fr) f, marihuana (fr) f
• Galician: marihuana (gl) f
• Georgian: მარიხუანა (marixuana)
• German: Marihuana (de) n, Haschisch (de) m or n
• Greek: μαριχουάνα (el) f (marichouána)
• Gujarati: ગાંજો (gā̃jo)
• Hausa: ganye (ha)
• Hawaiian: paka lōlō
• Hebrew: מָרִיחוּאָנָה (he) f (marikhu'ána)
• Hindi: गांजा m (gāñjā), मारिजुआना (mārijuānā)
• Hungarian: marihuána (hu), kender (hu)
• Icelandic: marijúana n, gras (is) n (slang)
• Indonesian: ganja (id)
• Italian: erba (it) f, marijuana (it) f
• Japanese: マリワナ (mariwana), マリファナ (ja) (marifana), ガンジャ (ganja)
• Kannada: ಗಾಂಜಾ (kn) (gāñjā)
• Kazakh: марихуана (marixuana), наша (naşa)
• Khmer: កញ្ឆា (km) (kɑñchaa)
• Korean: 마리화나 (ko) (marihwana), 대마(大麻) (ko) (daema)
• Kyrgyz: марихуана (marihuana), наша (naşa)
• Lakota: pȟežíšiča, čhaŋlí šiča
• Lao: ກັນຊາ (kan sā)
• Latin: cannabis f
• Latvian: marihuāna f, kaņepe (lv) f
• Lithuanian: marihuana f, kanapė f
• Macedonian: марихуа́на f (marihuána)
• Malay: ganja (ms)
• Maltese: marijuana f
• Maori: taru rauhea, tarukino
• Navajo: naakai binátʼoh
• Nepali: गाँजा (ne) (gā̃jā)
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: marihuana m, hasjisj m, hasj (no) m (short form)

  Nynorsk: marihuana m, hasjisj m, hasj m (short form)

• Persian: شاه‌دانه (šâh-dâne), ماری‌جوانا (mâri-juânâ), ماریجوانا (mârijuânâ)
• Polish: marihuana (pl) f
• Portuguese: maconha (pt) f (Brazil)
• Punjabi: ਗਾਂਜਾ (pa) (gāñjā)
• Romanian: marijuana (ro) f
• Russian: марихуа́на (ru) f (marixuána), план (ru) m (plan) (slang), анаша́ (ru) f (anašá) (slang)
• Sanskrit: गञ्जा (sa) f (gañjā)
• Scottish Gaelic: cainb f
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: марихуана f

  Roman: marihuana (sh) f

• Slovak: marihuana (sk) f
• Slovene: marihuana (sl) f
• Spanish: marihuana (es) f, mariguana (es) f
• Swahili: bangi (sw)
• Tagalog: marihuwana, tsongke, marijuana
• Tajik: нашъа (našʾa), марихуана (marixuana)
• Tamil: கஞ்சாவை (kañcāvai), கஞ்சா (ta) (kañcā)
• Telugu: గంజాయి (te) (gañjāyi)
• Thai: กัญชา (th) (gan-chaa)
• Turkish: esrar (tr)
• Ukrainian: марихуа́на f (maryxuána)
• Urdu: گانجا m (gānjā), بھنگ (bhaṅg), بھانگ (bhāṅg), شاہدانہ (śāh-dāna), حشیش (haśīś), بنگ (baṅg), قنب (qunnib)
• Uzbek: marixuana (uz), nasha (uz)
• Vietnamese: cần sa (vi), marijuana (vi)
• Yiddish: מעראַוואַנאַ f (meravana), מאַריכואַנע f (marikhuane)
• Zulu: insangu class 9

plant Cannabis sativa

• Afrikaans: daggaplant
• Arabic: قِنَّب هِنْدِيّ m (qinnab hindiyy)
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 大麻 (daai⁶ maa⁴)

  Hokkien: 大麻 (zh-min-nan) (tōa-môa)

  Mandarin: 大麻 (zh) (dàmá), 線麻／线麻 (zh) (xiànmá)

• Coptic: ⲉⲣⲃⲓⲥⲓ m (erbisi)
• Czech: konopí (cs) n
• Danish: cannabis c
• Esperanto: kanabo
• Finnish: hamppu (fi)
• German: Hanf (de) m, Cannabis (de) m or n
• Greek: κάνναβη (el) f (kánnavi)

  Ancient: κάνναβις f (kánnabis)

• Hawaiian: paka lōlō
• Lao: please add this translation if you can
• Latin: cannabis f
• Maori: taru rauhea
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: hamp m, cannabis m, kannabis m

  Nynorsk: hamp m, cannabis m, kannabis m

• Scottish Gaelic: cainb f, còrcach f
• Slovak: konopa f
• Spanish: cáñamo (es) m
• Thai: กัญชา (th) (gan-chaa)

See also

• Appendix:Cannabis slang

Further reading

• marijuana on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• marijuana (word) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Douglas Harper (2001–2024) “marijuana”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ma.ʁi.ʁwa.na/, /ma.ʁi.ʒɥa.na/

Noun

marijuana f (plural marijuanas)

1. marijuana, cannabis

Further reading

• “marijuana”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Italian

Una pianta di marijuana in fiore – A flowering marijuana plant

Etymology

Borrowed from English marijuana, from Mexican Spanish marihuana.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ma.riˈwa.na/, /ma.rjuˈa.na/
• Rhymes: -ana
• Hyphenation: ma‧ri‧juà‧na

Noun

marijuana f (uncountable)

1. marijuana

Further reading

• cannabis sativa on the Italian Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^it
• marijuana on the Italian Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^it
• marijuana in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
• “marijuana” in Il dizionario della lingua italiana De Mauro

Portuguese

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ma.ɾi.ʒuˈɐ̃.nɐ/ [ma.ɾi.ʒʊˈɐ̃.nɐ], (faster pronunciation) /ma.ɾiˈʒwɐ̃.nɐ/

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ma.ɾi.ʒuˈɐ̃.nɐ/ [ma.ɾi.ʒʊˈɐ̃.nɐ], (faster pronunciation) /ma.ɾiˈʒwɐ̃.nɐ/
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ma.ɾi.ʒuˈɐ.na/ [ma.ɾi.ʒʊˈɐ.na], (faster pronunciation) /ma.ɾiˈʒwɐ.na/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /mɐ.ɾiˈʒwɐ.nɐ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /mɐ.ɾiˈʒwɐ.nɐ/
  • (Northern Portugal) IPA^(key): /mɐ.ɾiˈʒwa.nɐ/

• Hyphenation: ma‧ri‧ju‧a‧na

Noun

marijuana f (plural marijuanas)

1. marijuana, cannabis

   Synonyms: canábis, (Mozambique) suruma

Romanian

Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from French marijuana, from Spanish marihuana.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ma.riˈwa.na], [ma.riˈhwa.na]

Noun

marijuana f (uncountable)

1. marijuana

Declension

gender f	uncountable
Nom/Acc	marijuana
Gen/Dat	marijuanei

See also

• hașiș

Swedish

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish marihuana.

Noun

marijuana c

1. marijuana

Declension

Declension of marijuana

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	marijuana	marijuanas
	definite	marijuanan	marijuanans
plural	indefinite	—	—
	definite	—	—

Synonyms (slang)

• braj
• brass
• gräs
• grönt
• jazztobak
• w
• äzi

 

See also

• gås
• hasch
• holk
• mecka

 

References

• marijuana in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• marijuana in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)