Wiktionary

mes

See also: Appendix:Variations of "mes"
Languages (37)
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English

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Noun

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mes

  1. plural of me
    If I travelled back in time to witness my own birth, would there be two mes?

Anagrams

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Afrikaans

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Etymology

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From Dutch mes, from Middle Dutch mets, mes, contraction of *metses, from Old Dutch *metisas, *metsas, from Proto-West Germanic *matisahs (“food knife”).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /mɛs/
  • Audio:(file)

Noun

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mes (plural messe)

  1. knife

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • → Zulu: umese
    • Fanagalo: mes (or directly)

Albanian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Proto-Albanian *meTi, *meTśi-, from Proto-Indo-European *me-t/dhi (“with, middle”), ultimately from *medʰyo-. Cognate to Gothic 𐌼𐌹𐌸 (miþ, “with”). It might represent a devoiced variant of mez. A loan from Modern Greek μέσος (mésos, “in the middle”) is not excluded.

Noun

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mes m (plural mese, definite mesi, definite plural meset)

  1. middle

Declension

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Declension of mes
singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative mes mesi mese meset
accusative mesin
dative mesi mesit meseve meseve
ablative mesesh

Derived terms

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See also

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Aragonese

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Etymology

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From Latin mensis.

Noun

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mes m (plural meses)

  1. month

References

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Aromanian

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Etymology

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From Latin mensis.

Noun

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mes m (plural mesh)

  1. month

Synonyms

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Asturian

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Etymology

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From Latin mensis.

Noun

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mes m (plural meses)

  1. month

Atong (India)

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Etymology

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Cognate with Garo mes. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Noun

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mes

  1. sheep

References

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Catalan

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Etymology 1

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Inherited from Old Catalan mes, from Latin mēnsem (“month”), from Proto-Indo-European *mḗh₁n̥s (“moon, month”). Compare Occitan mes, French mois, Spanish mes.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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mes m (plural mesos)

  1. month
Derived terms
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See also

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Etymology 2

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Inherited from Old Catalan mas, mays, from Latin magis.

Pronunciation

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Adverb

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mes

  1. but

Etymology 3

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Inherited from Latin missus, perfect passive participle of mittere.

Pronunciation

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Participle

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mes (feminine mesa, masculine plural mesos, feminine plural meses)

  1. past participle of metre

Etymology 4

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Inherited from Vulgar Latin mās, reduced form of Latin meās.

Pronunciation

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Determiner

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mes

  1. feminine plural of mon

References

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Cornish

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Etymology 1

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From Proto-Celtic *magestus, from *magos.

Noun

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mes m (plural mesyow)

  1. open field
  2. open country

Adverb

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mes

  1. out

Etymology 2

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From Proto-Celtic *messus (“acorn”). Cognate with Welsh mes (“acorns”), Breton mez (“acorns”).

Noun

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mes m (singulative mesen)

  1. (collective) acorns

Etymology 3

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Conjunction

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mes

  1. but

Dutch

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Dutch Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nl

Etymology

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From Middle Dutch mets, mes, contraction of *metses, from Old Dutch *metisas, *metsas, from Proto-West Germanic *matisahs (“food knife”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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mes n (plural messen, diminutive mesje n)

  1. knife, cleaver
  2. (informal) blade

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Afrikaans: mes
    • → Zulu: umese
      • Fanagalo: mes (or directly)
  • Berbice Creole Dutch: mesi
  • Jersey Dutch: määs
  • Negerhollands: mes
  • Skepi Creole Dutch: masa
  • → Indonesian: mes (“medical knife”)
  • → Japanese: メス (mesu, “medical knife”)
  • → Korean: 메스 (meseu, “medical knife”)
  • → Loup A: meschu (from the diminutive form)
  • → Malagasy: méso, mésa

Franco-Provençal

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Determiner

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mes

  1. feminine plural of mon
  2. Alternative form of mos, masculine plural of mon

French

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Etymology

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From Old French mes, from Latin meōs, meī and meās, meae.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /mɛ/, (in liaison) /mɛ.z‿/
  • IPA(key): /me/, (in liaison) /me.z‿/
  • Audio:(file)

Determiner

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mes pl

  1. my (when referring to a plural noun)
    Mes clés sont dans ma poche.
    My keys are in my pocket.
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French possessive determiners
Possessee
singular plural
m f
Possessor singular 1st mon1 ma mes
2nd ton1 ta tes
3rd son1 sa ses
plural 1st notre nos
2nd votre2 vos2
3rd leur leurs
1 Also used before feminine adjectives and nouns beginning with a vowel or mute h.
2 Also used as the polite singular form.
For the singular persons there are gender-neutral neologisms man, tan, san. These are extremely rare.

Descendants

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  • Louisiana Creole: mê

Further reading

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Galician

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese mes, from Latin mensis. Compare Portuguese mês and Spanish mes.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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mes m (plural meses)

  1. month

References

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Garo

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Noun

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mes

  1. lamb

Gothic

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Romanization

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mes

  1. Romanization of 𐌼𐌴𐍃

Indonesian

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈmɛs]
  • Hyphenation: mès

Etymology 1

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From Dutch mess (“mess”), from English mess, from Middle English mes, partly from Old English mēse, mēose (“table”); and partly from Old French mes, Late Latin missum, from mittō (“to put, place (e.g. on the table)”). Doublet of misa.

Noun

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mès (plural mes-mes)

  1. mess (hall)

Etymology 2

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From English mesh, from Middle English mesche, from Old English masc (“net”) (perhaps influenced in form by related Old English mæscre (“mesh, spot”)) both from Proto-Germanic *maskrǭ, *maskwǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *mezg- (“to knit, twist, plait”).

Noun

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mès (plural mes-mes)

  1. (engineering) mesh, structure or opening.

Etymology 3

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From Dutch mest (“manure”), from Middle Dutch mest, from Old Dutch *mist, from Proto-Germanic *mihstuz. Semantic loan from Dutch kunstmest (“artificial fertilizer”).

Noun

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mès (plural mes-mes)

  1. (colloquial) artificial fertilizer.

Etymology 4

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From Dutch mes (“blade”), from Middle Dutch mets, mes, contraction of *metses, from Old Dutch *metisas, *metsas, from Proto-West Germanic *matisahs (“food knife”). Cognate of Japanese メス (mesu, “medical knife”) and Korean 메스 (meseu, “medical knife”).

Noun

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mès (plural mes-mes)

  1. (surgery, colloquial) scalpel, blade, medical knife.
    Synonyms: bisturi, pisau bedah, pisau operasi, skalpel
    Kemudian tampak fasia, diinsisi dengan memberikan mes no 22 dan dijepit dengan memberikan pinset cirurgis. ― Fascia appeared, incised with 22 blade and clamped with surgical forceps.
    Berikan mes no 15 dan pinset chirurgi pada operator untuk insisi kulit sampai fasia. ― Give the blade 15 and surgical forceps to the operator for skin incision to the fascia.

Further reading

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Kalasha

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Noun

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mes

  1. table

Ladino

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Alternative forms

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Noun

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mes m (Latin spelling, Hebrew spelling מיס)

  1. month

Latgalian

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Etymology

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From Proto-Balto-Slavic *mes. Cognates include Latvian mēs and Lithuanian mes.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈmʲæs]
  • Hyphenation: mes

Pronoun

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mes

  1. we

Declension

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Declension of mes
singular plural
nominative es mes
genitive mane, mani myusu
dative maņ mums
accusative mani myus
locative manī myusūs

See also

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Latgalian personal pronouns
first second third (a.) third (l.)
m f m f
singular es tu jis jei šys šei
plural mes jius jī juos šī šuos

References

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  • Nicole Nau (2011) A short grammar of Latgalian, München: LINCOM GmbH, →ISBN, page 35

Latvian

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Pronoun

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mes (personal, 1st person plural)

  1. (dialectal, archaic) we; alternative form of mēs

Lithuanian

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Pronunciation

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  This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

Etymology 1

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From Proto-Balto-Slavic *mes; compare Latvian mēs, Old Prussian mes, Proto-Slavic *my; akin to Old Armenian մեք (mekʻ). This form in m replaced Proto-Indo-European *wéy (“we”), probably after the 1st person plural verbal suffix -me. At the East-Baltic stage, the oblique forms were rebuilt by analogy with jūs. Compare the Old Prussian oblique forms nūsan, nūmans, and Old Church Slavonic насъ, намъ (nasŭ, namŭ), from *n̥s-, nos-.

Pronoun

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mẽs

  1. we (first-person plural pronoun)
Declension
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declension of mes
singular dual plural
nominative àš mùdu m, mùdvi f mẽs
genitive manę̃s mùdviejų mū́sų
dative mán mùdviem mùms
accusative manè mùdu m, mùdvi f mùs
instrumental manimì, manim̃ mùdviem mumìs
locative manyjè, manỹ mùdviese mumysè
See also
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Lithuanian personal pronouns
singular (vienaskaita) dual (dviskaita) plural (daugiskaita) reflexive
(sangrąžiniai)
1st person
(pirmasis asmuo) 		2nd person
(antrasis asmuo) 		3rd person
(trečiasis asmuo) 		1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
m f m f m f m f m f
nominative
(vardininkas) 		àš tù jìs,
jisaĩ 		jì,
jinaĩ 		mùdu mùdvi jùdu jùdvi juõdu,
jiẽdu 		jiẽdvi mẽs jū̃s jiẽ jõs -
genitive
(kilmininkas) 		manę̃s tavę̃s jõ jõs mùdviejų jùdviejų jų̃dviejų mū́sų jū́sų jų̃ savę̃s
dative
(naudininkas) 		mán táu jám jái mùdviem jùdviem jõdviem mùms jùms jíems jóms sáu
accusative
(galininkas) 		manè tavè jį̃ ją̃ mùdu mùdvi jùdu jùdvi juõdu jiẽdvi mùs jùs juõs jàs savè
instrumental
(įnagininkas) 		manimì, manim̃ tavimì, tavim̃ juõ jà mùdviem jùdviem jõdviem mumìs jumìs jaĩs jomìs savimì,
savim̃
locative
(vietininkas) 		manyjè, manỹ tavyjè, tavỹ jamè jojè mùdviese jùdviese jiẽdviese mumysè jumysè juosè josè savyjè,
savỹ
possessive
(savybiniai) 		màno tàvo jõ jõs mùdviejų jùdviejų jų̃dviejų mū́sų jū́sų jų̃ sàvo

Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

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mès

  1. third-person future indicative of mèsti

Lombard

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Latin mensis (“month”). Compare French mois, Italian mese, Portuguese mês, Romansch main, Spanish mes.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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mes m (Milanese)

  1. month

Further reading

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  • mes at Lombard Wiktionary

Megleno-Romanian

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Etymology

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From Latin mensis.

Noun

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mes

  1. month

Occitan

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Etymology 1

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From Old Occitan mes, from Latin mensis (“month”). Compare French mois, Italian mese, Portuguese mês, Romansch main, Spanish mes.

Noun

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mes m (plural meses)

  1. month

Etymology 2

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Verb

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mes

  1. past participle of metre

Old English

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Etymology

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Uncertain. Perhaps derived from Proto-West Germanic *mihsu, the nominative/accusative plural of *mihs (“dung, excrement; urine”), reanalysed as a singular noun. Compare Old Frisian mēse (“urine”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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mes f

  1. dung
  2. (in the plural) fertiliser, manure

Declension

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Strong ō-stem:

singular plural
nominative mes mesa, mese
accusative mese mesa, mese
genitive mese mesa
dative mese mesum

See also

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Old French

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Etymology 1

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From Latin magis.

Alternative forms

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Conjunction

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mes

  1. but
Descendants
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Etymology 2

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From Latin meōs, meī and meās, meae.

Determiner

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mes m pl or f pl

  1. my (first-person plural possessive)
Descendants
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Old Galician-Portuguese

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Etymology

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Inherited from Latin mēnsis.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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mes m (plural meses)

  1. month
    • 13th century CE, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, , cantiga 5 ([ facsimile]), lines 135–140:
      Muitos gafos sãou a Emperadriz en aquele mes;
      mas de grand' algo que porên lle davan ela ren non pres,
      mas andou en muitas romarías, e depois ben a tres
      meses entrou na cidade de Roma, u ér' o cortês
      Emperador, que a chamou e disso-lle: “Ves?
      Guári-m' est' irmão gaf', e dar-ch-ei grand' haver.”
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Descendants

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Further reading

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  • Manuel Ferreiro (2014–2024) “mes”, in Universo Cantigas. Edición crítica da poesía medieval galego-portuguesa (in Galician), A Coruña: UDC, →ISSN

Old Irish

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Noun

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mes m

  1. Alternative spelling of mess

Mutation

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Mutation of mes
radical lenition nasalization
mes
also mmes after a proclitic
ending in a vowel 		mes
pronounced with /β̃(ʲ)-/ 		unchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Old Occitan

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Etymology

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From Latin mensis. Gallo-Romance cognate with Old French mois.

Noun

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mes m (oblique plural mes, nominative singular mes, nominative plural mes)

  1. month

Descendants

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References

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Old Prussian

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Etymology

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From Proto-Indo-European *wéy, with the initial m- appearing due to influence from the first-person verbal suffix and the first-person singular object pronoun. Cognate with Latvian mēs, Lithuanian mẽs, Proto-Slavic *my, Old Armenian մեք (mekʻ).

Pronoun

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mes

  1. we, the first person plural pronoun

Declension

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See as for declension of mes.

References

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  • Mažiulis, Vytautas (1988–1997) “mes”, in Prūsų kalbos etimologijos žodynas [Etymological dictionary of Old Prussian]‎[1] (in Lithuanian), Vilnius
  • W. R. Schmalstieg (1971) “New Look at the Old Prussian Pronoun”, in Baltistica VII(2), Vilnius: Vilniau Universitetas

Portuguese

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Noun

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mes m (plural meses)

  1. Pre-reform spelling (used until 1943 in Brazil and 1911 in Portugal) of mês.

Rohingya

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Persian [Term?].

Noun

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mes (Hanifi spelling 𐴔𐴠𐴏𐴢)

  1. table

Romansch

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Adjective

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mes m (feminine mia)

  1. (possessive) my

Spanish

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Etymology

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Inherited from Latin mēnsis (“month”). Compare Catalan mes, Italian mese, Portuguese mês, Romansch mais.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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mes m (plural meses)

  1. month
    Mi mes favorito es enero.
    My favourite month is January.

Derived terms

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See also

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Further reading

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Sumerian

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Romanization

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mes

  1. Romanization of 𒈩 (mes)

Swedish

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Middle Low German mêse, meise, from Old Saxon mēsa, from Proto-West Germanic *maisā, from Proto-Germanic *maisǭ. Cognate to Norwegian Bokmål meis, meise and Norwegian Nynorsk meis, meise.

Noun

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mes c

  1. a tit (genus Parus), a small bird
Declension
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Declension of mes
nominative genitive
singular indefinite mes mes
definite mesen mesens
plural indefinite mesar mesars
definite mesarna mesarnas
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Etymology 2

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From Old Swedish mes, mese, likely derived from a verb cognate of Icelandic meita (“cut, chop”). Cognate to Norwegian Bokmål meis and Norwegian Nynorsk meis.

Noun

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mes c

  1. the metal frame of a backpack
Declension
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Declension of mes
nominative genitive
singular indefinite mes mes
definite mesen mesens
plural indefinite mesar mesars
definite mesarna mesarnas

Etymology 3

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) Cognate to Norwegian meis and Dutch miezel.

Noun

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mes c

  1. (colloquial, derogatory) a wimp, a wuss, a coward
Declension
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Declension of mes
nominative genitive
singular indefinite mes mes
definite mesen mesens
plural indefinite mesar mesars
definite mesarna mesarnas

Further reading

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  • mes in Svensk ordbok.
  • “mes”, in Svenska Akademiens ordbok [Dictionary of the Swedish Academy]‎[2] (in Swedish), 1937
  • mes in Reverso Context (Swedish-English)

Zoogocho Zapotec

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Spanish mesa, from Latin mēnsa.

Noun

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mes

  1. table

References

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  • Long C., Rebecca, Cruz M., Sofronio (2000) Diccionario zapoteco de San Bartolomé Zoogocho, Oaxaca (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”; 38)‎[3] (in Spanish), second electronic edition, Coyoacán, D.F.: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., page 255
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