obraz
Czech
editEtymology
editInherited from Old Czech obraz, from Proto-Slavic *obrazъ. By surface analysis, deverbal from obrazit.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editobraz m inan
Declension
editDerived terms
editFurther reading
editOld Czech
editEtymology
editInherited from Proto-Slavic *obrazъ. By surface analysis, deverbal from obraziti.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editobraz m inan
- display; carving; sculpture, engraving; relief; drawing; painting (created representation of something)
- (religion) idol (graven image or representation of anything that is revered, or believed to convey spiritual power)
- mark and inscription stamped on a coin
- minted money; coins
- image (vision created in the human mind)
- reflection (that which is seen in a mirror)
- image, likeness (set of characteristic features, especially spiritual)
Declension
editsingular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | obraz | obrazy | obrazi, obrazové |
genitive | obraza, obrazu | obrazú | obrazóv |
dative | obrazu | obrazoma | obrazóm |
accusative | obraz | obrazy | obrazy |
vocative | obraze | obrazy | obrazi, obrazové |
locative | obrazě, obrazu | obrazú | obraziech |
instrumental | obrazem | obrazoma | obrazy |
See also Appendix:Old Czech nouns and Appendix:Old Czech pronunciation.
Descendants
edit- Czech: obraz
References
edit- Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “obraz”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění
Old Polish
editEtymology
editInherited from Proto-Slavic *obrazъ. By surface analysis, deverbal from obrazić. First attested in the second half of the 14th century.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editobraz m inan (diminutive obrazek)
- (attested in Lesser Poland) sculpture, statue, engraved image
- 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter][1], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 72, 20:
- Iaco sen wstaiøczich, gospodne, w mescze twoiem obraz gich ku niczemu obroczisz (velut somnium surgentium, domine, in civitate tua imaginem ipsorum ad nihilum rediges)
- [Jako sen wstających, Gospodnie, w mieście twojem obraz jich ku niczemu obrocisz (velut somnium surgentium, Domine, in civitate tua imaginem ipsorum ad nihilum rediges)]
- (attested in Lesser Poland) shape, form, figure
- c. 1301-1350, Kazania świętokrzyskie[2], Miechów, page cv 21:
- Y moui ewangelista suøti pod obrazem trsy crolew poganskih
- [I mowi ewanjelista święty pod obrazem trzy krolew pogańskich]
- (attested in Lesser Poland) shadow, illusion
- 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter][3], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 38, 9:
- Ale zaprawdø w obraze przeszedl czlowek (in imagine pertransit homo) a za dar se troszcze
- [Ale zaprawdę w obrazie przeszedł człowiek (in imagine pertransit homo), a za dar sie troszcze]
- person's impeccable demeanor
- 1930 [c. 1455], “I Par”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka)[4], 16, 29:
- Modlcye syø panv w obraze swyøtem (adorate dominum in decore sancto)
- [Modlcie się Panu w obrazie świętem (adorate Dominum in decore sancto)]
- (attested in Silesia) The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:
Related terms
editDescendants
editReferences
edit- Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “obraz”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
- Mańczak, Witold (2017) “obraz”, in Polski słownik etymologiczny (in Polish), Kraków: Polska Akademia Umiejętności, →ISBN
- Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “obraz”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
- B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “obraz”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
Old Slovak
editEtymology
editInherited from Proto-Slavic *obrazъ. By surface analysis, deverbal from obraziť. First attested in 1585.
Noun
editobraz m inan
- display; carving; sculpture, engraving; relief; drawing; painting (created representation of something)
- form, appearance; character, nature (set of characteristic bodily or mental traits)
- (religion) idol (graven image or representation of anything that is revered, or believed to convey spiritual power)
- image (idea formed in the human mind; visual impression)
- reflection
- description (verbal representation)
- model, example (mform for imitation)
- face (front part of a head)
- sign, symbol
Descendants
edit- Slovak: obraz
References
edit- Majtán, Milan et al., editors (1991–2008), “obraz”, in Historický slovník slovenského jazyka [Historical Dictionary of the Slovak Language] (in Slovak), volumes 1–7 (A – Ž), Bratislava: VEDA, →OCLC
Polish
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editInherited from Old Polish obraz. By surface analysis, deverbal from obrazić.
Noun
editobraz m inan (diminutive obrazek, related adjective obrazowy)
- (art) image (artistic creation)
- "Mona Lisa" jest jednym z najbardziej znanych obrazów olejnych z czasów renesansu.
- The Mona Lisa is one of the most famous oil paintings of the Renaissance.
- image (representation of reality resulting from the reflection or refraction of light rays)
- film, movie; banger (feature presentation of images, especially a good one)
- Synonym: film
- image (representation of reality on the screen of an electronic device)
- Synonym: wizja
- image (observed or remembered situation)
- Synonym: scena
- holistic description (thorough explanation of something)
- Synonym: opis
- image (sight of someone or something)
- Synonym: widok
- image (idea someone has about something, or someone's opinion about something)
- Synonym: wizerunek
- scene (part of a theater play, opera or ballet)
- (mathematics) image (something mapped to by a function)
- (mathematics) image (subset of a codomain comprising those elements that are images of something)
- (obsolete, historical) type of tax
- (obsolete) figure, form; symbol, sign
- (obsolete) impression; glance
- (Middle Polish) example, model
- (Middle Polish) idol (representation of a deity)
- Synonym: bożek
- (Middle Polish) representation (creation meant to represent something i.e. on an image)
- Synonym: reprezentacja
- (Middle Polish) imagination
- Synonym: wyobrażenie
- (Middle Polish) reflection (result of copying from an example or model)
- (Middle Polish) equivalent; reference
- (Middle Polish) reflection (image of something on a shiny surface)
- Synonym: odbicie
- (Middle Polish) shadow (something fleeting)
- (Middle Polish) being; person, character
- (Middle Polish) block (square slab of marble or other expensive stone used for lining walls)
- (Middle Polish) map of the sky (paths in the sky along which the heavenly bodies move)
Declension
editDerived terms
edit- patrzeć jak w obraz impf
Related terms
edit- patrzeć jak w obraz impf
- przeobrazić pf, przeobrażać impf
- wyobrazić pf, wyobrażać impf
Trivia
editAccording to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), obraz is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 37 times in scientific texts, 12 times in news, 22 times in essays, 21 times in fiction, and 9 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 101 times, making it the 623rd most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]
Etymology 2
editSee the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Noun
editobraz f
References
editFurther reading
edit- obraz in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- obraz in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “obraz”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
- “OBRAZ”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 17.04.2023
- Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “obraz”, in Słownik języka polskiego
- Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “obraz”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
- J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1904), “obraz”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 3, Warsaw, page 500
- obraz in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego
Romanian
editEtymology
editBorrowed from Old Church Slavonic образъ (obrazŭ), from Proto-Slavic *obrazъ.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editobraz m (plural obraji)
- countenance
- cheek
- (slang) buttock
- Synonym: bucă
Declension
editsingular | plural | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | ||
nominative-accusative | obraz | obrazul | obraji | obrajii | |
genitive-dative | obraz | obrazului | obraji | obrajilor | |
vocative | obrazule | obrajilor |
Derived terms
editSerbo-Croatian
editEtymology
editInherited from Proto-Slavic *obrazъ.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editòbraz m (Cyrillic spelling о̀браз)
Declension
editRelated terms
editSee also
editSlovak
editEtymology
editInherited from Old Slovak obraz, from Proto-Slavic *obrazъ.By surface analysis, deverbal from obraziť.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editobraz m inan (related adjective obrazový, diminutive obrázok or obrážtek, augmentative obrazisko)
Declension
editRelated terms
editFurther reading
edit- “obraz”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2024
Slovene
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Slavic *obrazъ.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editobrȁz m inan
Inflection
editMasculine inan., hard o-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
nom. sing. | obràz | ||
gen. sing. | obráza | ||
singular | dual | plural | |
nominative (imenovȃlnik) |
obràz | obráza | obrázi |
genitive (rodȋlnik) |
obráza | obrázov | obrázov |
dative (dajȃlnik) |
obrázu | obrázoma | obrázom |
accusative (tožȋlnik) |
obràz | obráza | obráze |
locative (mẹ̑stnik) |
obrázu | obrázih | obrázih |
instrumental (orọ̑dnik) |
obrázom | obrázoma | obrázi |
Derived terms
editFurther reading
edit- “obraz”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU (in Slovene), 2014–2024
- Czech terms inherited from Old Czech
- Czech terms derived from Old Czech
- Czech terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Czech terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Czech deverbals
- Czech terms with IPA pronunciation
- Czech terms with audio pronunciation
- Czech lemmas
- Czech nouns
- Czech masculine nouns
- Czech inanimate nouns
- cs:Mathematics
- Czech masculine inanimate nouns
- Czech hard masculine inanimate nouns
- cs:Art
- cs:Painting
- Old Czech terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Old Czech terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Old Czech deverbals
- Old Czech terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Czech lemmas
- Old Czech nouns
- Old Czech masculine nouns
- Old Czech inanimate nouns
- zlw-ocs:Religion
- Old Czech masculine inanimate nouns
- Old Czech hard masculine o-stem nouns
- Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Old Polish deverbals
- Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Polish lemmas
- Old Polish nouns
- Old Polish masculine nouns
- Old Polish inanimate nouns
- Lesser Poland Old Polish
- Old Polish terms with quotations
- Silesia Old Polish
- Old Polish terms with uncertain meaning
- Old Slovak terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Old Slovak terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Old Slovak deverbals
- Old Slovak lemmas
- Old Slovak nouns
- Old Slovak masculine nouns
- Old Slovak inanimate nouns
- zlw-osk:Religion
- Polish 2-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Polish/ɔbras
- Rhymes:Polish/ɔbras/2 syllables
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Polish terms inherited from Old Polish
- Polish terms derived from Old Polish
- Polish deverbals
- Polish lemmas
- Polish nouns
- Polish masculine nouns
- Polish inanimate nouns
- pl:Art
- Polish terms with usage examples
- pl:Mathematics
- Polish terms with obsolete senses
- Polish terms with historical senses
- Middle Polish
- Polish non-lemma forms
- Polish noun forms
- pl:Artistic works
- pl:Visualization
- Romanian terms borrowed from Old Church Slavonic
- Romanian terms derived from Old Church Slavonic
- Romanian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Romanian terms with audio pronunciation
- Romanian lemmas
- Romanian nouns
- Romanian countable nouns
- Romanian masculine nouns
- Romanian slang
- ro:Body parts
- Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Serbo-Croatian lemmas
- Serbo-Croatian nouns
- Serbo-Croatian masculine nouns
- sh:Face
- Slovak terms inherited from Old Slovak
- Slovak terms derived from Old Slovak
- Slovak terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Slovak terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Slovak terms with IPA pronunciation
- Slovak lemmas
- Slovak nouns
- Slovak masculine nouns
- Slovak inanimate nouns
- sk:Mathematics
- Slovak terms with declension dub
- sk:Art
- Slovene terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Slovene terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Slovene 2-syllable words
- Slovene terms with IPA pronunciation
- Slovene lemmas
- Slovene nouns
- Slovene masculine inanimate nouns
- Slovene masculine nouns
- Slovene inanimate nouns
- sl:Anatomy
- Slovene masculine hard o-stem nouns
- Slovene nouns with accent alternations
- Requests for accents in Slovene noun entries