Wiktionary

pagan

See also: Pagan, pag- -an, Pagán, págán, and păgân

English

edit

Etymology

edit

From Middle English pagan (adjective and noun), from Latin pāgānus (“rural, rustic", later "civilian”), replaced Middle English payen from the same root. The meaning "not (Judeo-)Christian" arose in Vulgar Latin, probably from the 4th century.[1] It is unclear whether this usage is derived primarily from the "rustic" or from the "civilian" meaning, which in Roman army jargon meant 'clumsy'. As a self-designation of neopagans, attested since 1990.

Partly displaced native heathen, from Old English hǣþen.

Pronunciation

edit
  • enPR: pā'gən, IPA(key): /ˈpeɪɡən/
  • Audio (US):(file)
  • Rhymes: -eɪɡən

Adjective

edit

pagan (not comparable)

  1. Relating to, characteristic of religions that differ from main world religions.
    Under Christianization, many converted societies transformed their pagan deities into saints.
  2. (by extension, derogatory) Savage, immoral, uncivilized, wild.

Usage notes

edit
  • When referring to modern paganism, the term is now often capitalized, like other terms referring to religions.

Synonyms

edit

Antonyms

edit
  • (antonym(s) of “religion”):

Hyponyms

edit

Derived terms

edit

Translations

edit
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Noun

edit

pagan (plural pagans)

  1. A person not adhering to a main world religion; a follower of a pantheistic or nature-worshipping religion.
    This community has a surprising number of pagans.
  2. (by extension, derogatory) An uncivilized or unsocialized person.
  3. (by extension, derogatory) An unruly, badly educated child.
  4. An outlaw biker who is a member of the Pagans MC.

Synonyms

edit

Derived terms

edit
edit

Translations

edit
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

See also

edit

References

edit
  1. ^ Augustine, Divers. Quaest. 83.

Anagrams

edit

Asturian

edit

Verb

edit

pagan

  1. third-person plural present subjunctive of pagar

Cebuano

edit

Pronunciation

edit
  • Hyphenation: pa‧gan

Verb

edit

pagan

  1. to embroil; to draw into a situation; to cause to be involved
  2. to implicate; to connect or involve in an unfavorable or criminal way with something
  3. to fall victim to a friendly fire
  4. (military) to fall victim as collateral damage
  5. to be hit by a stray bullet
  6. to get caught in a crossfire
  7. (games, of marbles) to hit the adjacent marble with the _target marble

Quotations

edit

For quotations using this term, see Citations:pagan.

Estonian

edit

Etymology

edit

Ultimately from Latin paganus, through either Old East Slavic поганъ (poganŭ) or directly from Latin, through the German crusaders. Cognate to Finnish pakana.

Noun

edit

pagan (genitive pagana, partitive paganat)

  1. pagan, heathen
  2. a devil, an evil spirit

Declension

edit
Declension of pagan (ÕS type 2/õpik, no gradation)
singular plural
nominative pagan paganad
accusative nom.
gen. pagana
genitive paganate
partitive paganat paganaid
illative paganasse paganatesse
paganaisse
inessive paganas paganates
paganais
elative paganast paganatest
paganaist
allative paganale paganatele
paganaile
adessive paganal paganatel
paganail
ablative paganalt paganatelt
paganailt
translative paganaks paganateks
paganaiks
terminative paganani paganateni
essive paganana paganatena
abessive paganata paganateta
comitative paganaga paganatega

Derived terms

edit

Interjection

edit

pagan

  1. damn, darn, heck

Galician

edit

Pronunciation

edit

Verb

edit

pagan

  1. third-person plural present indicative of pagar

Livvi

edit

Etymology

edit

From Old Church Slavonic поганъ (poganŭ). Related to Finnish pakana (“pagan”) and Ingrian pakana.

Noun

edit

pagan (genitive paganan, partitive [please provide])

  1. pagan, heathen
  2. sage, seer

Adjective

edit

pagan (genitive paganan, partitive [please provide])

  1. dirty, unclean

References

edit
  • Pertti Virtaranta, Raija Koponen (2009) “pakana”, in Marja Torikka, editor, Karjalan kielen sanakirja‎[1], Helsinki: Kotus, →ISSN

Old High German

edit

Verb

edit

pāgan

  1. (Bavaria) Alternative form of bāgan

Spanish

edit

Pronunciation

edit
  • IPA(key): /ˈpaɡan/ [ˈpa.ɣ̞ãn]
  • Rhymes: -aɡan
  • Syllabification: pa‧gan
  • Audio:(file)

Verb

edit

pagan

  1. third-person plural present indicative of pagar

Volapük

edit

Etymology

edit

From pag (“paganism”) +‎ -an.

Noun

edit

pagan (nominative plural pagans)

  1. (Volapük Nulik) pagan, gentile

Declension

edit
declension of pagan
singular plural
nominative pagan pagans
genitive pagana paganas
dative pagane paganes
accusative pagani paganis
vocative 1 o pagan! o pagans!
predicative 2 paganu paganus
  • 1 status as a case is disputed
  • 2 in later, non-classical Volapük only

Welsh

edit

Etymology

edit

Borrowed from Latin pagan.

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

pagan m

  1. pagan

Derived terms

edit

Mutation

edit
Mutated forms of pagan
radical soft nasal aspirate
pagan bagan mhagan phagan

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

edit
  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “pagan”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=pagan&oldid=82821401"
  NODES
Community 1
games 2
games 2
HOME 1
languages 1
mac 2
Note 4
os 5
Verify 4