See also: PAHA, Paha, and рана

English

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Noun

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paha (plural pahas or paha)

  1. An elongated landform composed of only loess, or of till capped by loess.
    Synonym: greda

Bikol Central

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Etymology 1

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈpahaʔ/ [ˈpa.haʔ]
  • IPA(key): /ˈpaʔaʔ/ [ˈpa.ʔaʔ] (h-dropping)
  • Hyphenation: pa‧ha

Adjective

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pahà (plural paraha, Basahan spelling ᜉᜑ)

  1. thirsty
    Paha na ako.
    I'm thirsty.
Derived terms
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See also
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Etymology 2

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Borrowed from Spanish faja.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈpaha/ [ˈpa.ha]
  • Hyphenation: pa‧ha

Noun

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páha (Basahan spelling ᜉᜑ)

  1. belt
    Synonyms: hagkos, sinturon
  2. sash
    Synonym: abay

Estonian

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Etymology

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From Proto-Finnic *paha, borrowed from Proto-Norse [script needed] (*bāga-), from Proto-Germanic *bēgaz.

Adjective

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paha (genitive paha, partitive paha, comparative pahem, superlative kõige pahem)

  1. bad
  2. evil

Declension

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Declension of paha (ÕS type 17u/sõna, no gradation)
singular plural
nominative paha pahad
accusative nom.
gen. paha
genitive pahade
partitive paha pahu
pahasid
illative pahha
pahasse
pahadesse
pahusse
inessive pahas pahades
pahus
elative pahast pahadest
pahust
allative pahale pahadele
pahule
adessive pahal pahadel
pahul
ablative pahalt pahadelt
pahult
translative pahaks pahadeks
pahuks
terminative pahani pahadeni
essive pahana pahadena
abessive pahata pahadeta
comitative pahaga pahadega

Finnish

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Etymology

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From Proto-Finnic *paha.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈpɑhɑ/, [ˈpɑ̝ɦɑ̝]
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɑhɑ
  • Hyphenation(key): pa‧ha

Adjective

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paha (comparative pahempi, superlative pahin)

  1. bad, evil, ill
    Synonyms: häijy, ilkeä
    Antonyms: hyvä, kiltti
  2. bad, unsuitable, unfitting, unhealthy
    Synonym: huono
    Antonym: hyvä
  3. bad, difficult, serious, severe, urgent
    Synonym: vakava
  4. difficult, hard, tricky
    Synonym: vaikea
    Antonym: helppo
    paha kysymystricky question
  5. (chiefly in expressions) bad, sorry
    Minulla on paha mieli.I feel sad / offended. (literally, “I have a bad mind.”)

Declension

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Inflection of paha (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
nominative paha pahat
genitive pahan pahojen
partitive pahaa pahoja
illative pahaan pahoihin
singular plural
nominative paha pahat
accusative nom. paha pahat
gen. pahan
genitive pahan pahojen
pahain rare
partitive pahaa pahoja
inessive pahassa pahoissa
elative pahasta pahoista
illative pahaan pahoihin
adessive pahalla pahoilla
ablative pahalta pahoilta
allative pahalle pahoille
essive pahana pahoina
translative pahaksi pahoiksi
abessive pahatta pahoitta
instructive pahoin
comitative pahoine
Possessive forms of paha (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
Rare. Only used with substantive adjectives.
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative pahani pahani
accusative nom. pahani pahani
gen. pahani
genitive pahani pahojeni
pahaini rare
partitive pahaani pahojani
inessive pahassani pahoissani
elative pahastani pahoistani
illative pahaani pahoihini
adessive pahallani pahoillani
ablative pahaltani pahoiltani
allative pahalleni pahoilleni
essive pahanani pahoinani
translative pahakseni pahoikseni
abessive pahattani pahoittani
instructive
comitative pahoineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative pahasi pahasi
accusative nom. pahasi pahasi
gen. pahasi
genitive pahasi pahojesi
pahaisi rare
partitive pahaasi pahojasi
inessive pahassasi pahoissasi
elative pahastasi pahoistasi
illative pahaasi pahoihisi
adessive pahallasi pahoillasi
ablative pahaltasi pahoiltasi
allative pahallesi pahoillesi
essive pahanasi pahoinasi
translative pahaksesi pahoiksesi
abessive pahattasi pahoittasi
instructive
comitative pahoinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative pahamme pahamme
accusative nom. pahamme pahamme
gen. pahamme
genitive pahamme pahojemme
pahaimme rare
partitive pahaamme pahojamme
inessive pahassamme pahoissamme
elative pahastamme pahoistamme
illative pahaamme pahoihimme
adessive pahallamme pahoillamme
ablative pahaltamme pahoiltamme
allative pahallemme pahoillemme
essive pahanamme pahoinamme
translative pahaksemme pahoiksemme
abessive pahattamme pahoittamme
instructive
comitative pahoinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative pahanne pahanne
accusative nom. pahanne pahanne
gen. pahanne
genitive pahanne pahojenne
pahainne rare
partitive pahaanne pahojanne
inessive pahassanne pahoissanne
elative pahastanne pahoistanne
illative pahaanne pahoihinne
adessive pahallanne pahoillanne
ablative pahaltanne pahoiltanne
allative pahallenne pahoillenne
essive pahananne pahoinanne
translative pahaksenne pahoiksenne
abessive pahattanne pahoittanne
instructive
comitative pahoinenne

Derived terms

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adjectives
adverbs
nouns
verbs

Noun

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paha

  1. the evil
    Synonym: pahuus
    Antonyms: hyvä, hyvyys

Declension

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Inflection of paha (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
nominative paha
genitive pahan
partitive pahaa
illative pahaan
singular plural
nominative paha
accusative nom. paha
gen. pahan
genitive pahan
partitive pahaa
inessive pahassa
elative pahasta
illative pahaan
adessive pahalla
ablative pahalta
allative pahalle
essive pahana
translative pahaksi
abessive pahatta
instructive
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of paha (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative pahani
accusative nom. pahani
gen. pahani
genitive pahani
partitive pahaani
inessive pahassani
elative pahastani
illative pahaani
adessive pahallani
ablative pahaltani
allative pahalleni
essive pahanani
translative pahakseni
abessive pahattani
instructive
comitative
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative pahasi
accusative nom. pahasi
gen. pahasi
genitive pahasi
partitive pahaasi
inessive pahassasi
elative pahastasi
illative pahaasi
adessive pahallasi
ablative pahaltasi
allative pahallesi
essive pahanasi
translative pahaksesi
abessive pahattasi
instructive
comitative
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative pahamme
accusative nom. pahamme
gen. pahamme
genitive pahamme
partitive pahaamme
inessive pahassamme
elative pahastamme
illative pahaamme
adessive pahallamme
ablative pahaltamme
allative pahallemme
essive pahanamme
translative pahaksemme
abessive pahattamme
instructive
comitative
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative pahanne
accusative nom. pahanne
gen. pahanne
genitive pahanne
partitive pahaanne
inessive pahassanne
elative pahastanne
illative pahaanne
adessive pahallanne
ablative pahaltanne
allative pahallenne
essive pahananne
translative pahaksenne
abessive pahattanne
instructive
comitative
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative pahansa
accusative nom. pahansa
gen. pahansa
genitive pahansa
partitive pahaansa
inessive pahassaan
pahassansa
elative pahastaan
pahastansa
illative pahaansa
adessive pahallaan
pahallansa
ablative pahaltaan
pahaltansa
allative pahalleen
pahallensa
essive pahanaan
pahanansa
translative pahakseen
pahaksensa
abessive pahattaan
pahattansa
instructive
comitative

Further reading

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Guaraní

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Etymology

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From pa (ten) +‎ -ha (ordinal number suffix).

Adjective

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paha

  1. (ordinal number) tenth

Hawaiian

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Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Particle

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paha

  1. Used to indicate the conditional mood, expressed in English as perhaps, might, possibly

Usage notes

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Follows the word it modifies.

Conjunction

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ā ... paha

  1. or

Usage notes

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The verb (and its modifying particles) go between ā and paha.

Indonesian

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Etymology

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Inherited from Malay paha, from Proto-Malayic *paha(ʔ), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *paqa, from Proto-Austronesian *paqa (thigh).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈpaha/
  • Hyphenation: pa‧ha
  • Rhymes: -ha, -a

Noun

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paha (first-person possessive pahaku, second-person possessive pahamu, third-person possessive pahanya)

  1. (anatomy) thigh (upper leg)

Derived terms

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Further reading

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Ingrian

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Etymology

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From Proto-Finnic *paha. Cognates include Finnish paha and Estonian paha.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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paha (comparative pahemp)

  1. bad
    paha ilmabad weather

Declension

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Declension of paha (type 3/kana, no gradation, gemination)
singular plural
nominative paha pahat
genitive pahan pahhoin
partitive pahhaa pahoja
illative pahhaa pahhoi
inessive pahas pahois
elative pahast pahoist
allative pahalle pahoille
adessive pahal pahoil
ablative pahalt pahoilt
translative pahaks pahoiks
essive pahanna, pahhaan pahoinna, pahhoin
exessive1) pahant pahoint
1) obsolete
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)
**) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

Antonyms

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Derived terms

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See also

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References

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  • Fedor Tumansky (1790) “пага”, in Опытъ повѣствованїя о дѣянїях, положенїи, состоянїи и раздѣленїи Санкт-Петербургской губернїи [An experiment of an account of the acts, location, condition and division of the Saint Petersburg gubernia], Краткїй словарь ижерскаго, финскаго, эстонскаго, чюдскаго, и ямскаго нарѣчїя съ россїйскимъ переводомъ [A short dictionary of the Ingrian, Finnish, Estonian, Chud and Yamtian dialects with a Russian translation], page 679
  • Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 371

Karelian

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Regional variants of paha
North Karelian
(Viena)
paha
South Karelian
(Tver)
paha

Etymology

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From Proto-Finnic *paha. Cognates include Finnish paha and Estonian paha.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈpɑhɑ/
  • Hyphenation: pa‧ha

Noun

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paha (genitive pahan, partitive pahua)

  1. evil spirit

Adjective

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paha (genitive pahan, partitive pahua, comparative pahempipahembi, superlative pahin)

  1. bad

Declension

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Viena Karelian declension of paha (type 4/kala, no gradation)
singular plural
nominative paha pahat
genitive pahan pahojen
partitive pahua pahoja
illative pahah pahoih
inessive pahašša pahoissa
elative pahašta pahoista
adessive pahalla pahoilla
ablative pahalta pahoilta
translative pahakši pahoiksi
essive pahana pahoina
comitative pahoineh
abessive pahatta pahoitta
Tver Karelian declension of paha (type 4/kala no gradation)
singular plural
nominative paha pahat
genitive pahan pahoin
partitive pahua pahoida
illative pahah pahoih
inessive pahašša pahoissa
elative pahašta pahoista
adessive pahalla pahoilla
ablative pahalda pahoilda
translative pahakši pahoiksi
essive pahana pahoina
comitative pahanke pahoinke
abessive pahatta pahoitta
Possessive forms of paha
1st person pahani
2nd person pahaš
3rd person pahah
*) Possessive forms are very rare for adjectives and only used in substantivised clauses.

References

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  • A. V. Punzhina (1994) “paha”, in Словарь карельского языка (тверские говоры) [Dictionary of the Karelian language (Tver dialects)], →ISBN
  • P. M. Zaykov et al. (2015) Venäjä-Viena Šanakirja [Russian-Viena Karelian Dictionary], →ISBN

Livvi

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Etymology

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From Proto-Finnic *paha. Cognates include Finnish paha and Estonian paha.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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paha (genitive pahan, partitive pahua, comparative pahembi, superlative pahin)

  1. bad
  2. wicked

Noun

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paha (genitive pahan, partitive pahua)

  1. grief
  2. evil

Declension

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Declension of paha (Type 1/griba, no gradation)
singular plural
nominative paha pahat
genitive pahan pahoin
partitive pahua pahoi
illative pahah pahoih
inessive pahas pahois
elative pahaspäi pahoispäi
allative pahale pahoile
adessive pahal pahoil
ablative pahalpäi pahoilpäi
translative pahakse pahoikse
essive pahannu pahoinnu
abessive pahattah pahoittah
comitative pahanke pahoinke
instructive pahoin
prolative pahači

References

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  • Tatjana Boiko (2019) “paha”, in Suuri Karjal-Venʹalaine Sanakniigu (livvin murreh) [The Big Karelian-Russian dictionary (Livvi dialect)], 2nd edition, →ISBN, page 198

Malay

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Alternative forms

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  • peha (common nonstandard spelling)

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Proto-Malayic *paha(ʔ), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *paqa, from Proto-Austronesian *paqa (thigh). Cognate with Tagalog paa (foot).

Noun

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paha (Jawi spelling ڤها, plural paha-paha, informal 1st possessive pahaku, 2nd possessive pahamu, 3rd possessive pahanya)

  1. thigh (upper leg)
    Paha ayam
    Chicken thigh
    Paha manusia
    Human thigh
Descendants
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  • Indonesian: paha

Etymology 2

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Noun

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paha (Jawi spelling ڤها, plural paha-paha, informal 1st possessive pahaku, 2nd possessive pahamu, 3rd possessive pahanya)

  1. (archaic, mathematics) a fourth, a quarter
    Synonyms: perempat, suku

Etymology 3

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Noun

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paha (Jawi spelling ڤها, plural paha-paha, informal 1st possessive pahaku, 2nd possessive pahamu, 3rd possessive pahanya)

  1. a type of bird; Dicrurus aeneus malayensis

Further reading

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Tagalog

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed from Spanish faja, from Aragonese faxa, from Latin fascia.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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paha (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜑ)

  1. girdle; band; binder
    Synonyms: bigkis, tali, laso
  2. paper band such as those wrapped around newspapers or magazines for addressing and mailing purposes

Etymology 2

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Borrowed from Spanish paja, from Old Spanish paxa, from Latin palea.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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paha (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜑ)

  1. straw
    Synonym: dayami

References

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  • paha”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

Turkish

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Etymology

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From Ottoman Turkish بها (baha, paha), from Persian بها (bahâ).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /paˈha/
  • Hyphenation: pa‧ha

Noun

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paha (definite accusative pahayı, plural pahalar)

  1. price, value

Declension

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Inflection
Nominative paha
Definite accusative pahayı
Singular Plural
Nominative paha pahalar
Definite accusative pahayı pahaları
Dative pahaya pahalara
Locative pahada pahalarda
Ablative pahadan pahalardan
Genitive pahanın pahaların
Possessive forms
Nominative
Singular Plural
1st singular paham pahalarım
2nd singular pahan pahaların
3rd singular pahası pahaları
1st plural pahamız pahalarımız
2nd plural pahanız pahalarınız
3rd plural pahaları pahaları
Definite accusative
Singular Plural
1st singular pahamı pahalarımı
2nd singular pahanı pahalarını
3rd singular pahasını pahalarını
1st plural pahamızı pahalarımızı
2nd plural pahanızı pahalarınızı
3rd plural pahalarını pahalarını
Dative
Singular Plural
1st singular pahama pahalarıma
2nd singular pahana pahalarına
3rd singular pahasına pahalarına
1st plural pahamıza pahalarımıza
2nd plural pahanıza pahalarınıza
3rd plural pahalarına pahalarına
Locative
Singular Plural
1st singular pahamda pahalarımda
2nd singular pahanda pahalarında
3rd singular pahasında pahalarında
1st plural pahamızda pahalarımızda
2nd plural pahanızda pahalarınızda
3rd plural pahalarında pahalarında
Ablative
Singular Plural
1st singular pahamdan pahalarımdan
2nd singular pahandan pahalarından
3rd singular pahasından pahalarından
1st plural pahamızdan pahalarımızdan
2nd plural pahanızdan pahalarınızdan
3rd plural pahalarından pahalarından
Genitive
Singular Plural
1st singular pahamın pahalarımın
2nd singular pahanın pahalarının
3rd singular pahasının pahalarının
1st plural pahamızın pahalarımızın
2nd plural pahanızın pahalarınızın
3rd plural pahalarının pahalarının

Derived terms

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Further reading

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Veps

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Etymology

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From Proto-Finnic *paha. Cognates include Finnish paha.

Adjective

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paha

  1. bad
  2. unkind
  3. disgusting, distasteful
  4. harmful

Inflection

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Inflection of paha (inflection type 5/sana)
nominative sing. paha
genitive sing. pahan
partitive sing. pahad
partitive plur. pahoid
singular plural
nominative paha pahad
accusative pahan pahad
genitive pahan pahoiden
partitive pahad pahoid
essive-instructive pahan pahoin
translative pahaks pahoikš
inessive pahas pahoiš
elative pahaspäi pahoišpäi
illative pahaze pahoiže
adessive pahal pahoil
ablative pahalpäi pahoilpäi
allative pahale pahoile
abessive pahata pahoita
comitative pahanke pahoidenke
prolative pahadme pahoidme
approximative I pahanno pahoidenno
approximative II pahannoks pahoidennoks
egressive pahannopäi pahoidennopäi
terminative I pahazesai pahoižesai
terminative II pahalesai pahoilesai
terminative III pahassai
additive I pahazepäi pahoižepäi
additive II pahalepäi pahoilepäi

Derived terms

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References

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Votic

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Etymology

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From Proto-Finnic *paha.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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paha

  1. bad, poor
  2. bad, evil, ill
  3. mischievous

Inflection

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Declension of paha (type III/jalkõ, no gradation)
singular plural
nominative paha pahad
genitive paha pahojõ, pahoi
partitive pahha pahoitõ, pahoi
illative pahhasõ, pahha pahoisõ
inessive pahaz pahoiz
elative pahassõ pahoissõ
allative pahalõ pahoilõ
adessive pahallõ pahoillõ
ablative pahaltõ pahoiltõ
translative pahassi pahoissi
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)
**) the terminative is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative (sg) or the genitive.
***) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive.

References

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  • Hallap, V., Adler, E., Grünberg, S., Leppik, M. (2012) “paha”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn
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