pardon
English
editEtymology
editFrom Middle English pardonen, from Old French pardoner (modern French pardonner), from Late Latin perdonare, from per- + donare, possibly a calque (if not vice-versa) of a Germanic word represented by Frankish *firgeban (“to forgive, give up completely”), from *fir- + *geban. Akin to Old High German fargeban, firgeban (“to forgive”), Old English forġiefan (“to forgive”). More at forgive.
Pronunciation
edit- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈpɑːdn̩/
- (General American, Canada) IPA(key): /ˈpɑɹd(ə)n/, [ˈpʰɑ˞dn̩]
Audio (General American): (file) - (New Zealand) IPA(key): /ˈpaːdɘn/, [ˈpʰäːɾɘn]
- Rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)dən
- Hyphenation: par‧don
Noun
editpardon (countable and uncountable, plural pardons)
- Forgiveness for an offence.
- Synonym: clemency
- 1748, [Samuel Richardson], Clarissa. Or, The History of a Young Lady: […], volume (please specify |volume=I to VII), London: […] S[amuel] Richardson; […], →OCLC:
- […] a step, that could not be taken with the least hope of ever obtaining pardon from or reconciliation with any of my friends; […]
- 1997, Denise Keyes Filios, Women Out of Bounds:
- According to this logic, the pardons Balteira gained on her pilgrimage should have revirginated her, and would have if she had an 'iron box', or a firm dedication to her Christian faith, with which to guard her chastity.”
- (law) An order that releases a convicted criminal without further punishment, prevents future punishment, or (in some jurisdictions) removes an offence from a person's criminal record, as if it had never been committed.
- The President […] shall have Power to grant Reprieves and Pardons for Offences against the United States, except in Cases of Impeachment.
- 1974 September 8, Gerald R. Ford, 00:24 from the start, in Proclamation 4311[1], archived from the original on 18 May 2017, page 2[2]:
- NOW, THEREFORE, I, Gerald R. Ford, President of the United States, pursuant to the pardon power conferred upon me by Article II, Section 2, of the Constitution, have granted and by these presents do grant a full, free, and absolute pardon unto Richard Nixon for all offenses against the United States which he, Richard Nixon, has committed or may have committed or taken part in during the period from July[sic – meaning January] 20, 1969 through August 9, 1974.
- 2001, Barbara Olson, “The Final Frenzy: Finishing Touches on the Legend”, in The Final Days: The Last, Desperate Abuses of Power by the Clinton White House[3] (Politics/Current Affairs), Washington, D.C.: Regnery Publishing, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 7:
- But the president's most irreversible, almost God-like power is the authority granted to him under Article II, Section 2, of the United States Constitution, "to grant Reprieves and Pardons for Offenses Against the United States. . . ."
The power is absolute-even a serial killer could be pardoned-and utterly unreviewable. It cannot be rescinded by the next president. The president may grant a pardon before a trial, after a trial, or without a trial. Once granted, a pardon can never be taken away.
Derived terms
editTranslations
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Verb
editpardon (third-person singular simple present pardons, present participle pardoning, simple past and past participle pardoned)
- (transitive) To forgive (a person).
- Synonym: amnesty
- 1599 (first performance), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Iulius Cæsar”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, (please specify the act number in uppercase Roman numerals, and the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals):
- O, pardon me, thou bleeding piece of earth, / That I am meek and gentle with these butchers!
- 1815 December (indicated as 1816), [Jane Austen], Emma: […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: […] [Charles Roworth and James Moyes] for John Murray, →OCLC:
- I hope you will not find he has outstepped the truth more than may be pardoned, in consideration of the motive.
- 1793 March 19, Hester Piozzi, Thraliana:
- Well! the King of France died pardoning & pitying all those who had tortured his Soul & Body, a great Pattern for us all.
- 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter I, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:
- In the old days, to my commonplace and unobserving mind, he gave no evidences of genius whatsoever. He never read me any of his manuscripts, […], and therefore my lack of detection of his promise may in some degree be pardoned.
- (transitive) To refrain from exacting as a penalty.
- c. 1596–1598 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Merchant of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene i]:
- I pardon thee thy life before thou ask it.
- (transitive, law) To grant an official pardon for a crime.
- 1900, Charles W[addell] Chesnutt, chapter I, in The House Behind the Cedars, Boston, Mass.; New York, N.Y.: Houghton, Mifflin and Company […], →OCLC:
- The murderer, he recalled, had been tried and sentenced to imprisonment for life, but was pardoned by a merciful governor after serving a year of his sentence.
Derived terms
editTranslations
edit
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Interjection
editpardon?
- Often used when someone does not understand what another person says.
Synonyms
edit- See also Thesaurus:say again
Translations
edit
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Anagrams
editCzech
editAlternative forms
editInterjection
editpardon
- sorry, I'm sorry, I beg your pardon, I apologize
Further reading
editDutch
editEtymology
editPronunciation
editInterjection
editpardon
Descendants
editNoun
editpardon n (plural pardons)
Descendants
editFrench
editEtymology
editPronunciation
editInterjection
editpardon
Descendants
edit- → Bulgarian: пардон (pardon) (colloquial)
- → Czech: pardon (colloquial)
- → Dutch: pardon
- → English: pardon
- → Greek: μπαρδόν (bardón)
- → Hungarian: pardon
- → Macedonian: пардон (pardon)
- → Ottoman Turkish: پاردون (pardon)
- Turkish: pardon
- → Polish: pardon
- → Romanian: pardon
- → Russian: пардон (pardon) (colloquial)
Noun
editpardon m (plural pardons)
Derived terms
editDescendants
editFurther reading
edit- “pardon”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams
editHungarian
editEtymology
editFrom French pardon, primarily via German Pardon.[1]
Pronunciation
editInterjection
editpardon
Noun
editpardon
Declension
editInflection (stem in -o-, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | pardon | pardonok |
accusative | pardont | pardonokat |
dative | pardonnak | pardonoknak |
instrumental | pardonnal | pardonokkal |
causal-final | pardonért | pardonokért |
translative | pardonná | pardonokká |
terminative | pardonig | pardonokig |
essive-formal | pardonként | pardonokként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | pardonban | pardonokban |
superessive | pardonon | pardonokon |
adessive | pardonnál | pardonoknál |
illative | pardonba | pardonokba |
sublative | pardonra | pardonokra |
allative | pardonhoz | pardonokhoz |
elative | pardonból | pardonokból |
delative | pardonról | pardonokról |
ablative | pardontól | pardonoktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
pardoné | pardonoké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
pardonéi | pardonokéi |
Possessive forms of pardon | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | pardonom | pardonjaim |
2nd person sing. | pardonod | pardonjaid |
3rd person sing. | pardonja | pardonjai |
1st person plural | pardonunk | pardonjaink |
2nd person plural | pardonotok | pardonjaitok |
3rd person plural | pardonjuk | pardonjaik |
Derived terms
editReferences
edit- ^ pardon in Károly Gerstner, editor, Új magyar etimológiai szótár [New Etymological Dictionary of Hungarian] (ÚESz.), Online edition (beta version), Budapest: MTA Research Institute for Linguistics / Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics, 2011–2024.
Further reading
edit- pardon in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Polish
editEtymology
editPronunciation
edit- IPA(key): /ˈpar.dɔn/, (standard) /parˈdɔw̃/, (regional or dialectal, proscribed) /parˈdɔm/
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -ardɔn, -ɔw̃
- Syllabification: par‧don
Noun
editpardon m inan
- (dated) pardon, forgiveness
- Synonyms: przebaczenie, wybaczenie
Declension
editDerived terms
editInterjection
editpardon
- (colloquial) sorry, excuse me, I beg your pardon
- Synonym: przepraszam
Further reading
editRomanian
editEtymology
editPronunciation
editInterjection
editpardon
- pardon!, pardon me!, excuse me!, I beg your pardon!, sorry!
Noun
editpardon n (uncountable)
Synonyms
editSee also
editSwedish
editNoun
editpardon c
- (usually negated) mercy
- utan pardon ― without mercy
Synonyms
editReferences
edit- pardon in Svensk ordbok (SO)
- pardon in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
- pardon in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
Anagrams
editTurkish
editEtymology
editFrom Ottoman Turkish پاردون (pardon), from French pardon.
Pronunciation
editInterjection
editpardon
- pardon!, pardon me!, excuse me!, I beg your pardon!, sorry!
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʰebʰ-
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms derived from Old French
- English terms derived from Late Latin
- English terms derived from Germanic languages
- English 2-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)dən
- Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)dən/2 syllables
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English uncountable nouns
- English countable nouns
- English terms with quotations
- en:Law
- English terms with usage examples
- English verbs
- English transitive verbs
- English interjections
- Czech lemmas
- Czech interjections
- Dutch terms borrowed from French
- Dutch terms derived from French
- Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
- Dutch terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɔn
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch interjections
- Dutch nouns
- Dutch nouns with plural in -s
- Dutch neuter nouns
- nl:Law
- French deverbals
- French 2-syllable words
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French terms with audio pronunciation
- French lemmas
- French interjections
- French nouns
- French countable nouns
- French masculine nouns
- French phrasebook
- Hungarian terms borrowed from French
- Hungarian terms derived from French
- Hungarian terms borrowed from German
- Hungarian terms derived from German
- Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Hungarian/on
- Rhymes:Hungarian/on/2 syllables
- Hungarian lemmas
- Hungarian interjections
- Hungarian nouns
- Hungarian dated terms
- hu:Law
- Polish terms borrowed from French
- Polish terms derived from French
- Polish 2-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Polish/ardɔn
- Rhymes:Polish/ardɔn/2 syllables
- Rhymes:Polish/ɔw̃
- Rhymes:Polish/ɔw̃/2 syllables
- Polish lemmas
- Polish nouns
- Polish masculine nouns
- Polish inanimate nouns
- Polish dated terms
- Polish interjections
- Polish colloquialisms
- Romanian terms borrowed from French
- Romanian terms derived from French
- Romanian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Romanian lemmas
- Romanian interjections
- Romanian nouns
- Romanian uncountable nouns
- Romanian neuter nouns
- Romanian dated terms
- Swedish lemmas
- Swedish nouns
- Swedish common-gender nouns
- Swedish terms with usage examples
- Turkish terms inherited from Ottoman Turkish
- Turkish terms derived from Ottoman Turkish
- Turkish terms derived from French
- Turkish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Turkish lemmas
- Turkish interjections