plaintiff

English

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plaintiff

Etymology

From Middle English plaintif, from Anglo-Norman, from Old French plaintif (“complaining”; as a noun, “one who complains, a plaintiff”) from the verb plaindre. Doublet of plaintive.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈpleɪntɪf/
Audio (Southern England): (file)
Rhymes: -eɪntɪf

Noun

plaintiff (plural plaintiffs)

(law, UK historical, otherwise current) A party bringing a suit in civil law against a defendant; accuser.
Synonyms: actor, (English and Singapore law) claimant, complainant, litigant, (Scots law) pursuer

Antonym: defendant

Hypernyms: litigant, litigator

Hyponyms: petitioner, suer

Usage notes

Plaintiff is used in civil law, and should not be confused with complainant, the alleged victim in a criminal prosecution (who is not a party to the legal proceeding).

Derived terms

plaintiff in error

Related terms

plaintive

Translations

party bringing a suit in civil law against a defendant

Albanian: paditës (sq) m, paditëse f
Arabic: (indefinite) مُدَّعٍ m (muddaʕin), (definite) الْمُدَّعِي (al-muddaʕī)
Armenian: հայցվոր (hy) (haycʻvor)
Azerbaijani: iddiaçı (az)
Belarusian: ісце́ц m (iscjéc), iсьце́ц m (isʹcjéc)
Bengali: মুদ্দই (bn) (muddoi)
Bulgarian: тъжи́тел (bg) m (tǎžítel), тъжи́телка f (tǎžítelka), ище́ц (bg) m (ištéc), ищца́ f (ištcá)
Burmese: တရားလို (my) (ta.ra:lui)
Chinese:
Cantonese: 原告 (jyun⁴ gou³)

Mandarin: 原告 (zh) (yuángào)
Czech: žalobce (cs) m, žalobkyně f
Danish: sagsøger c
Dutch: eiser (nl) m, aanklager (nl) m
Esperanto: plendanto
Estonian: hageja (et)
Faroese: stevnandi m
Finnish: kantaja (fi)
French: demandeur (fr), demandeuse (fr) f, plaignant (fr) m, plaignante (fr) f
Georgian: მოსარჩელე (mosarčele)
German: Kläger (de) m, Klägerin (de) f
Hebrew: תּוֹבֵעַ m (tovéa), ^{(please verify)} מְבַקֵּשׁ m (mevakesh)
Hindi: अभियोगी (hi) m (abhiyogī), वादी (hi) m (vādī)
Hungarian: felperes (hu)
Icelandic: stefnandi m
Indonesian: penggugat (id)
Interlingua: demandator
Irish: éilitheoir m, gearánaí m
Italian: querelante (it) m, parte civile f, ricorrente (it) m, attore (it) m
Japanese: 原告 (ja) (げんこく, genkoku)
Kazakh: қуынушы (quynuşy), талапкер (talapker), даулаушы (daulauşy)
Khmer: ដើមចោទ (km) (daəmcaot), ចោទកៈ (km) (caotĕəʼkaʼ)
Korean: 원고(原告) (ko) (won'go)
Kurdish:
Northern Kurdish: daweker (ku), dewedar (ku), dozker (ku), dozdar (ku)
Kyrgyz: доочу (ky) (doocu)
Lao: ໂຈດ (chōt), ສະກະວາທີ (sa ka wā thī)
Latin: petītor m, petītrix f
Latvian: prasītājs m, prasītāja f
Lithuanian: ieškovas m, ieškovė f
Macedonian: тужител m (tužitel), тужителка f (tužitelka), жалител m (žalitel), жалителка f (žalitelka)
Malay: plaintif
Malayalam: വാദി (ml) (vādi)
Manchu: ᡥᠠᠪᡧᠠᡥᠠ
ᠨᡳᠶ᠋ᠠᠯᠮᠠ (habšaha niyalma)
Maori: kaiwhakapae
Middle English: actour
Mongolian:
Classical Mongolian: ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ
ᠬᠦ᠋ᠮᠦᠨ (ǰaɣalduɣsan kümün)

Cyrillic: заалдагч (mn) (zaaldagč)

Mongolian: ᠵᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠯᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠴᠢ (ǰaɣalduɣči)
Norwegian:
Bokmål: saksøker m

Nynorsk: saksøkjar m
Pashto: مدعي m (moda'i), شاکي m (šākī), دعوا لرونکی m (da'wā 'larunkay)
Persian: خواهان (fa) (xâhân), شاکی (fa) (šâki), دعویٰ گر (da'vâ gar), دعویٰ دار (da'vâ dâr), مدعی (fa) (modda'i)
Polish: powód (pl) m, powódka f
Portuguese: querelante (pt) m or f, acusação (pt) f, promotoria (pt)
Romanian: reclamant (ro) m, reclamantă (ro) f
Russian: исте́ц (ru) m (istéc)
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: жа̀лилац m

Roman: žàlilac (sh) m
Slovak: žalobca m, žalobkyňa f
Slovene: tožnik m, tožnica f
Spanish: demandante (es), querellante (es)
Swedish: kärande (sv) c
Tagalog: nagsasakdal
Tajik: даъвогар (daʾvogar), муддаӣ (muddai)
Tatar: дәгъвачы (tt) (däğwaçı)
Thai: โจทก์ (th) (jòot)
Turkish: davacı (tr), iddiacı (tr)
Ukrainian: позива́ч m (pozyváč), пози́вач m (pozývač), позива́чка f (pozyváčka), пози́вачка f (pozývačka)
Urdu: مُدَّعِی m (mudda'ī)
Uzbek: daʻvogar
Vietnamese: nguyên cáo (vi), nguyên đơn (vi)
Welsh: achwynydd m, achwynwr m
Yakut: үҥээччи (üñeecci)