poder

See also: põder and Põder

Aragonese

Etymology

From Vulgar Latin potēre, regularization of Latin posse.

Verb

poder

to be able to, can

Asturian

Etymology

From Vulgar Latin potēre, regularization of Latin posse.

Noun

poder m (plural poderes)

power

Verb

poder

to be able to, can

Conjugation

Impersonal forms
Infinitive		poder
Gerund		pudiendo
Past participle		podíu
Personal forms
		yo	tu	él~elli/-a/-o	nosotros/-es~nós	vosotros/-es~vós	ellos/-es
Indicative	Present	puedo pueo	puedes pues	pue	podemos	podéis	pueden puen
	Imperfect preterite	podía	podíes	podía	podíemos~podíamos	podíais~podíeis	podíen
	Perfect preterite	pudi	pudisti pudiesti	pudo	pudimos pudiemos	pudistis pudiestis	pudieron
	Pluperfect preterite	pudiera~pudiere	pudieras~pudieres	pudiera~pudiere	pudiéramos~pudiéremos	pudierais~pudiereis	pudieran~pudieren
		yo	tu	él~elli/-a/-o	nosotros/-es~nós	vosotros/-es~vós	ellos/-es
Subjunctive	Present	pueda puea	puedas pueas	pueda puea	podamos	podáis	puedan puean
Subjunctive	Imperfect preterite	pudiera~pudiere	pudieras~pudieres	pudiera~pudiere	pudiéramos~pudiéremos	pudierais~pudiereis	pudieran~pudieren
		yo	tu	él~elli/-a/-o	nosotros/-es~nós	vosotros/-es~vós	ellos/-es
Potential	Future	podré	podrás	podrá	podremos	podréis	podrán
Potential	Conditional	podría	podríes	podría	podríamos~podríemos	podríais~podríeis	podríen
		-	tu	vusté	nosotros/-es~nós	vosotros/-es~vós	vustedes
Imperative			pue		vamos poder	podéi

Reference http://www.academiadelallingua.com/diccionariu/normes.pdf

Bikol Central

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish poder.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /poˈdeɾ/ [poˈd̪eɾ]
Hyphenation: po‧der

Noun

podér (Basahan spelling ᜉᜓᜇᜒᜍ᜔)

power, might, force
Synonyms: puwersa, kapangyarihan
right, authority
Synonym: awtoridad

Catalan

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Catalan poder, from Vulgar Latin potēre, regularization of Latin posse.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): (Central) [puˈðɛ]
IPA^(key): (Balearic) [poˈðə]
IPA^(key): (Valencia) [poˈðeɾ]
Audio: (file)

Verb

poder (first-person singular present puc, first-person singular preterite poguí, past participle pogut); root stress: (Central, Valencia, Balearic) /ɔ/

to be able; can
to be allowed, to be permitted; may

Conjugation

Conjugation of poder (second conjugation, irregular, with velar infix)

person		singular			plural
infinitive			poder
gerund			podent
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		pogut		poguda
		plural		poguts		pogudes
person		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	puc	pots	pot	podem	podeu	poden
	imperfect	podia	podies	podia	podíem	podíeu	podien
	future	podré	podràs	podrà	podrem	podreu	podran
	preterite	poguí	pogueres	pogué	poguérem	poguéreu	pogueren
	conditional	podria	podries	podria	podríem	podríeu	podrien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	pugui	puguis	pugui	puguem	pugueu	puguin
	imperfect	pogués	poguessis	pogués	poguéssim	poguéssiu	poguessin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	pugues	pugui	puguem	pugueu	puguin
	negative (no)	—	no puguis	no pugui	no puguem	no pugueu	no puguin

Derived terms

potser

Related terms

potent

Etymology 2

Nominalization of Etymology 1.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): (Central) [puˈðɛr]
IPA^(key): (Balearic) [poˈðə]
IPA^(key): (Valencia) [poˈðeɾ]
Audio: (file)

Noun

poder m (plural poders)

Derived terms

Etymology 3

Per GDLC, a popular alteration of potser.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): (Central) [puˈðe]
IPA^(key): (Balearic) [poˈðe]
IPA^(key): (Valencia) [poˈðeɾ]

Adverb

poder

(colloquial) maybe
Synonym: potser

References

“poder” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
“poder”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
“poder” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
“poder” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Galician

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese poder, from Vulgar Latin potēre, regularization of Latin posse.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [poˈðeɾ]

Verb

poder (first-person singular present podo, first-person singular preterite puiden, past participle podido)
poder (first-person singular present podo or posso, first-person singular preterite pudem or pude, past participle podido, reintegrationist norm)

can (to be able)

Conjugation

Conjugation of poder (irregular)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	poder
Personal	poder	poderes	poder	podermos	poderdes	poderen
Gerund
	podendo
Past participle
Masculine	podido			podidos
Feminine	podida			podidas
Indicative
Present	podo	podes	pode	podemos	podedes	poden
Imperfect	podía	podías	podía	podiamos	podiades	podían
Preterite	puiden	puideches	puido	puidemos	puidestes	puideron
Pluperfect	puidera	puideras	puidera	puideramos	puiderades	puideran
Future	poderei	poderás	poderá	poderemos	poderedes	poderán
Conditional	podería	poderías	podería	poderiamos	poderiades	poderían
Subjunctive
Present	poida	poidas	poida	poidamos	poidades	poidan
Imperfect	puidese	puideses	puidese	puidésemos	puidésedes	puidesen
Future	puider	puideres	puider	puidermos	puiderdes	puideren
Imperative
Affirmative		pode	poida	poidamos	podede	poidan
Negative (non)		non poidas	non poida	non poidamos	non poidades	non poidan

Reintegrated conjugation of poder (irregular) (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	poder
Personal	poder	poderes	poder	podermos	poderdes	poderem
Gerund
	podendo
Past participle
Masculine	podido			podidos
Feminine	podida			podidas
Indicative
Present	podo, posso	podes	pode	podemos	podedes, podeis	podem
Imperfect	podia	podias	podia	podíamos	podíades, podíeis, podíais¹	podiam
Preterite	pudem, pude	pudeste, pudeche¹	pudo, pôde	pudemos	pudestes	pudérom, puderam
Pluperfect	pudera	puderas	pudera	pudéramos	pudérades, pudéreis, pudérais¹	puderam
Future	poderei	poderás	poderá	poderemos	poderedes, podereis	poderám, poderão
Conditional	poderia	poderias	poderia	poderíamos	poderíades, poderíeis, poderíais¹	poderiam
Subjunctive
Present	poda, possa	podas, possas	poda, possa	podamos, possamos	podades, possais	podam, possam
Imperfect	pudesse	pudesses	pudesse	pudéssemos	pudéssedes, pudésseis	pudessem
Future	puder	puderes	puder	pudermos	puderdes	puderem
Imperative
Affirmative		pode	poda, possa	podamos, possamos	podede, podei	podam, possam
Negative (nom)		nom podas, nom possas	nom poda, nom possa	nom podamos, nom possamos	nom podades, nom possais	nom podam, nom possam

¹Less recommended.

Noun

poder m (plural poderes)

Derived terms

poderoso (“powerful; mighty”)

References

Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “poder”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “poder”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “poder”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “poder”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Occitan

Alternative forms

podeir (Auvergnat)
pogússer (Auvergnat)
pogueir (Auvergnat)
puescher (Vivaro-Alpine) (Limousin)

Etymology

From Old Occitan poder, from Vulgar Latin potēre, regularization of Latin posse.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /puˈðe/ (Lengadocian)
IPA^(key): /puˈðej/ (Limousin)
Audio (Béarn): (file)

Verb

poder

to be able to, can

Conjugation

Lengadocian (Central Occitan)

		simple			compound
infinitive		poder			aver pogut
gerund		podent			*use gerund of aver* + past participle**
past participle		pogut			—
person		singular			plural
person		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	pòdi	pòdes	pòt	podèm	podètz	pòdon
	imperfect	podiái	podiás	podiá	podiam	podiatz	podián
	preterite	poguèri	poguères	poguèt	poguèrem	poguèretz	poguèron
	future	poirai	poiràs	poirà	poirem	poiretz	poiràn
	conditional	poiriái	poiriás	poiriá	poiriam	poiriatz	poirián
	conditional 2nd form¹	poguèra	poguèras	poguèra	pogueram	pogueratz	poguèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	pòsca	pòscas	pòsca	poscam	poscatz	pòscan
	imperfect	poguèsse	poguèsses	poguèsse	poguèssem	poguèssetz	poguèsson
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
compound tenses	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
imperative			pòsca		poscam	poscatz	¹Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

Noun

poder m (plural poders)

power

Old Occitan

Alternative forms

poer

Etymology

From Vulgar Latin potēre, regularization of Latin posse.

Noun

poder m (oblique plural poders, nominative singular poders, nominative plural poder)

power (ability; capability)

Verb

poder

can; be able to

Descendants

Occitan: poder

References

Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “posse”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volumes 9: Placabilis–Pyxis, page 233

Portuguese

Portuguese Wikipedia has an article on:

poder

Wikipedia ^pt

Etymology 1

From Old Galician-Portuguese poder, from Vulgar Latin potēre, regularization of Latin posse.

Pronunciation

(Brazil) IPA^(key): /poˈde(ʁ)/ [poˈde(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /poˈde(ɾ)/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /poˈde(ʁ)/ [poˈde(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /poˈde(ɻ)/

(Portugal) IPA^(key): /puˈdeɾ/ [puˈðeɾ]
- (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /puˈde.ɾi/ [puˈðe.ɾi]

(Northeast Brazil) IPA^(key): /poˈde(h)/
- (without vowel harmony) IPA^(key): /pɔˈde(h)/
(Rural Central Brazil) IPA^(key): /puˈde(ɹ)/
Hyphenation: po‧der

Verb

poder (first-person singular present posso, first-person singular preterite pude, past participle podido)

(auxiliary) to be able to; can (to have the ability to) [with infinitive]
Synonym: conseguir

Eu posso arrumar isso.
I can fix this.
(auxiliary) can; to be allowed to (to have the permission to) [with infinitive]
Não podem ficar no pátio.
You can’t stay in the patio.
(auxiliary) can; could (indicates possibility) [with infinitive]
O montanhista podia cair a qualquer momento.
The climber could fall at any moment.
(auxiliary) may; might (indicates possibility but uncertainty) [with infinitive]
Pode ser que eu vá.
I might go.
(intransitive) to be able to take on (to be able to defeat or withstand) [with com ‘someone’]
Ninguém pode comigo!
No one can take me on!
(informal, intransitive) to be allowed
Comer aqui pode.
Eating here is allowed.
(informal, intransitive) to be available for a meeting or appointment
Eu posso terça.
I'm available on Tuesday.

Conjugation

Conjugation of poder (irregular) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	poder
Personal	poder	poderes	poder	podermos	poderdes	poderem
Gerund
	podendo
Past participle
Masculine	podido			podidos
Feminine	podida			podidas
Indicative
Present	posso	podes	pode	podemos	podeis	podem
Imperfect	podia	podias	podia	podíamos	podíeis	podiam
Preterite	pude	pudeste	pôde	pudemos	pudestes	puderam
Pluperfect	pudera	puderas	pudera	pudéramos	pudéreis	puderam
Future	poderei	poderás	poderá	poderemos	podereis	poderão
Conditional	poderia	poderias	poderia	poderíamos	poderíeis	poderiam
Subjunctive
Present	possa	possas	possa	possamos	possais	possam
Imperfect	pudesse	pudesses	pudesse	pudéssemos	pudésseis	pudessem
Future	puder	puderes	puder	pudermos	puderdes	puderem
Imperative
Affirmative		pode	possa	possamos	podei	possam
Negative (não)		não possas	não possa	não possamos	não possais	não possam

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:poder.

Etymology 2

Nominalization of Etymology 1.

Pronunciation

(Brazil) IPA^(key): /poˈdeʁ/ [poˈdeh]
- (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /poˈdeɾ/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /poˈdeʁ/ [poˈdeχ]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /poˈdeɻ/

(Portugal) IPA^(key): /puˈdeɾ/ [puˈðeɾ]
- (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /puˈde.ɾi/ [puˈðe.ɾi]

(Northeast Brazil) IPA^(key): /poˈdeh/
- (without vowel harmony) IPA^(key): /pɔˈdeh/
(Rural Central Brazil) IPA^(key): /puˈdeɹ/
Hyphenation: po‧der

Noun

poder m (plural poderes)

power (the ability to coerce, influence or control)
O rei do Reino Unido tem pouco poder.
The king of the United Kingdom has little power.
(chiefly geopolitics) power (a powerful organization, especially a country)
Synonym: potência

Os poderes mundiais se reuniram.
The world powers got together.
possession; Only used in em poder de
Synonym: posse
(politics) power (branch of the government)
Quem lida com isso é o poder judiciário.
The branch that deals with this is the judiciary.
power (extraordinary quality)
Synonym: virtude

Essa vacina tem o poder da cura.
This vaccine has the power of cure.
(science fiction) power; superpower (supernatural ability)
Synonym: superpoder

Meu poder favorito é o teletransporte.
My favorite power is teleportation.

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:poder.

Spanish

Etymology

Inherited from Vulgar Latin potēre, regularization of Latin posse.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /poˈdeɾ/ [poˈð̞eɾ]
Rhymes: -eɾ
Syllabification: po‧der

Verb

poder (first-person singular present puedo, first-person singular preterite pude, past participle podido)

to be able, can
¿Puedes acompañarme mañana?
Could you come with me tomorrow?

No puedes salir ya que no tienes permiso.
You can't go out since you're not allowed.

No puedo hablar francés.
I can't speak French.

Podría ayudar si me dejaran.
I could help you if you would let me.
(El Salvador, colloquial, reflexive) to be familiar with something, or with someone's personality
¿Te podés el número de tu prima?
Do you know your cousin's phone number?

Como entrenador, tengo que poderme bien a todos mis jugadores.
As a coach, I must know my players really well.

Usage notes

This verb is replaced with saber or ser capaz de for use with skills (as in to know how to do something) and omitted when relating to verbs of sense.

Puedes hacerlo. ― You can do it.

Ella es capaz de nadar. / Ella sabe nadar. ― She can swim.

Lo veo. ― I [can] see it.

In the preterite, poder means "to succeed in doing".

Pude hablar con el profesor después de la clase.

I managed to speak with the professor after class.

Podíamos hablar con el profesor cuando quisiéramos.

We could talk to the professor whenever we wanted.

Conjugation

Conjugation of poder (irregular; o-ue alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

		singular			plural
infinitive			poder
gerund			pudiendo
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		podido		podida
		plural		podidos		podidas
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	puedo	puedes^{^tú} podés^{^vos}	puede	podemos	podéis	pueden
	imperfect	podía	podías	podía	podíamos	podíais	podían
	preterite	pude	pudiste	pudo	pudimos	pudisteis	pudieron
	future	podré	podrás	podrá	podremos	podréis	podrán
	conditional	podría	podrías	podría	podríamos	podríais	podrían

subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	pueda	puedas^{^tú} podás^{^vos²}	pueda	podamos	podáis	puedan
	imperfect (ra)	pudiera	pudieras	pudiera	pudiéramos	pudierais	pudieran
	imperfect (se)	pudiese	pudieses	pudiese	pudiésemos	pudieseis	pudiesen
	future¹	pudiere	pudieres	pudiere	pudiéremos	pudiereis	pudieren

imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		puede^{^tú} podé^{^vos}	pueda	podamos	poded	puedan
	negative		no puedas	no pueda	no podamos	no podáis	no puedan

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

Selected combined forms of poder (irregular; o-ue alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive poder
	dative	poderme	poderte	poderle, poderse	podernos	poderos	poderles, poderse
	accusative	poderme	poderte	poderlo, poderla, poderse	podernos	poderos	poderlos, poderlas, poderse

with gerund pudiendo
	dative	pudiéndome	pudiéndote	pudiéndole, pudiéndose	pudiéndonos	pudiéndoos	pudiéndoles, pudiéndose
	accusative	pudiéndome	pudiéndote	pudiéndolo, pudiéndola, pudiéndose	pudiéndonos	pudiéndoos	pudiéndolos, pudiéndolas, pudiéndose

with informal second-person singular tú imperative puede
	dative	puédeme	puédete	puédele	puédenos	not used	puédeles
	accusative	puédeme	puédete	puédelo, puédela	puédenos	not used	puédelos, puédelas

with informal second-person singular vos imperative podé
	dative	podeme	podete	podele	podenos	not used	podeles
	accusative	podeme	podete	podelo, podela	podenos	not used	podelos, podelas

with formal second-person singular imperative pueda
	dative	puédame	not used	puédale, puédase	puédanos	not used	puédales
	accusative	puédame	not used	puédalo, puédala, puédase	puédanos	not used	puédalos, puédalas

with first-person plural imperative podamos
	dative	not used	podámoste	podámosle	podámonos	podámoos	podámosles
	accusative	not used	podámoste	podámoslo, podámosla	podámonos	podámoos	podámoslos, podámoslas

with informal second-person plural imperative poded
	dative	podedme	not used	podedle	podednos	podeos	podedles
	accusative	podedme	not used	podedlo, podedla	podednos	podeos	podedlos, podedlas

with formal second-person plural imperative puedan
	dative	puédanme	not used	puédanle	puédannos	not used	puédanles, puédanse
	accusative	puédanme	not used	puédanlo, puédanla	puédannos	not used	puédanlos, puédanlas, puédanse

Derived terms

Related terms

Noun

poder m (plural poderes)

power, reign
authorization
proxy (written certificate of authority to act for another)

Derived terms

Tagalog

Alternative forms

puder

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish poder, from Vulgar Latin potēre.

Pronunciation

(Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /poˈdeɾ/ [poˈd̪ɛɾ]
Rhymes: -eɾ
Syllabification: po‧der

Noun

podér (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜓᜇᜒᜇ᜔)

power
Synonyms: kapangyarihan, puwersa
authority
Synonym: awtoridad

Anagrams

Pedro

poder

Aragonese

Etymology

Verb

Asturian

Etymology

Noun

Verb

Conjugation

Bikol Central

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

See also

Catalan

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Derived terms

Related terms

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Noun

Derived terms

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

Adverb

References

Galician

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Further reading

Noun

Derived terms

References

Occitan

Alternative forms

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Noun

Old Occitan

Alternative forms

Etymology

Noun

Verb

Descendants

References

Portuguese

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Quotations

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Noun

Quotations

Spanish

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Usage notes

Conjugation

Derived terms

Related terms

Noun

Derived terms

Further reading

Tagalog

Alternative forms

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Further reading

Anagrams