Wiktionary

range

See also: Range, rangé, rangë, ränge, and Ränge

English

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Etymology

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From Middle English rengen, from Old French rengier (“to range, to rank, to order,”), from the noun renc, reng, ranc, rang (“a rank, row”), from Frankish *hring, from Proto-Germanic *hringaz (“ring, circle, curve”). Doublet of ring.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ɹeɪnd͡ʒ/
  • Audio (US):(file)
  • Rhymes: -eɪndʒ

Noun

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range (plural ranges)

  1. A line or series of mountains, buildings, etc.
  2. A fireplace; a fire or other cooking apparatus; now specifically, a large cooking stove with many hotplates.
  3. Selection, array.
    We sell a wide range of cars.
    • 2006, Edwin Black, chapter 2, in Internal Combustion‎[1]:
      But through the oligopoly, charcoal fuel proliferated throughout London's trades and industries. By the 1200s, brewers and bakers, tilemakers, glassblowers, pottery producers, and a range of other craftsmen all became hour-to-hour consumers of charcoal.
    • 2013 July 19, Timothy Garton Ash, “Where Dr Pangloss meets Machiavelli”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 6, page 18:
      Hidden behind thickets of acronyms and gorse bushes of detail, a new great game is under way across the globe. Some call it geoeconomics, but it's geopolitics too. The current power play consists of an extraordinary range of countries simultaneously sitting down to negotiate big free trade and investment agreements.
  4. An area for practicing shooting at _targets.
  5. An area for military training or equipment testing.
    Synonyms: base, training area, training ground
  6. The distance from a person or sensor to an object, _target, emanation, or event.
    Synonyms: distance, radius
    We could see the ship at a range of five miles.
    One can use the speed of sound to estimate the range of a lightning flash.
  7. The maximum distance or reach of capability (of a weapon, radio, detector, etc.).
    This missile's range is 500 kilometres.
  8. The distance a vehicle (e.g., a car, bicycle, lorry, or aircraft) can travel without refueling.
    This aircraft's range is 15 000 kilometres.
  9. An area of open, often unfenced, grazing land.
  10. The extent or space taken in by anything excursive; compass or extent of excursion; reach; scope.
    • 1661, John Fell, The Life of The most Learned, Reverend and Pious Dr H. Hammond, 2nd edition, London: J. Flesher, published 1662, page 99:
      As to acquir’d habits and abilities in Learning, his Writings having given the World ſufficient account of them, there remains onely to obſerve, that the range and compaſs of his knowledge fill’d the whole Circle of the Arts, and reach’d thoſe ſeverals which ſingle do exact an entire man unto themſelves, and full age.
    • 1711 December 22, Joseph Addison, “The Spectator”, in The Works of the Right Honourable Joseph Addison, volume III, London: Jacob Tonson, published 1721, page 255:
      For we may further obſerve that men of the greateſt abilities are moſt fired with ambition : and that, on the contrary, mean and narrow minds are the leaſt actuated by it ; whether it be that a man’s ſenſe of his own incapacities makes him deſpair of coming at fame, or that he has not enough range of thought to look out for any good which does not more immediately relate to his intereſt or convenience, or that Providence, in the very frame of his ſoul, would not ſubject him to ſuch a paſſion as would be uſeleſs to the world, and a torment to himſelf.
    • 1733–34, Alexander Pope, An Essay on Man, London: J. and P. Knapton, published 1748, epistle I, lines 207–210, page 29:
      Far as Creation’s ample range extends, / The ſcale of Senſual, Mental pow’rs aſcends : / Mark how it mounts, to Man’s imperial race, / From the green myriads in the peopled graſs !
  11. (mathematics) The set of values (points) which a function can obtain.
    Antonym: domain
  12. (statistics) The length of the smallest interval which contains all the data in a sample; the difference between the largest and smallest observations in the sample.
  13. (sports, baseball) The defensive area that a player can cover.
    Jones has good range for a big man.
  14. (music) The scale of all the tones a voice or an instrument can produce.
    Synonym: compass
  15. (ecology) The geographical area or zone where a species is normally naturally found.
  16. (programming) A sequential list of values specified by an iterator.
    std::for_each  calls the given function on each value in the input range.
  17. An aggregate of individuals in one rank or degree; an order; a class.
    • a. 1677 (date written), Matthew Hale, The Primitive Origination of Mankind, Considered and Examined According to the Light of Nature, London: […] William Godbid, for William Shrowsbery, […], published 1677, →OCLC:
      The next Range of Beings above him are the pure and immaterial Intelligences , the next below him is the sensible Nature.
  18. (obsolete) The step of a ladder; a rung.
  19. (obsolete, UK, dialect) A bolting sieve to sift meal.
  20. A wandering or roving; a going to and fro; an excursion; a ramble; an expedition.
    • 1692–1717, Robert South, Twelve Sermons Preached upon Several Occasions, volume (please specify |volume=I to VI), London:
      , "Taking Pleasure in Other Men's Sins"
      He may take a range all the world over.
  21. (US, historical) In the public land system, a row or line of townships lying between two succession meridian lines six miles apart.
  22. The variety of roles that an actor can play in a satisfactory way.
    By playing in comedies as well as in dramas he has proved his range as an actor.
    By playing in comedies as well as in dramas he has proved his acting range.

Hyponyms

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Hyponyms of range (area for military training)
Hyponyms of range (area for practicing shooting)
Hyponyms of range (distance to something)
Hyponyms of range (maximum distance of effect)

Holonyms

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  • (values a function can obtain): codomain

Coordinate terms

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Derived terms

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Descendants

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Translations

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The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Verb

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range (third-person singular simple present ranges, present participle ranging, simple past and past participle ranged)

  1. (intransitive) To travel over (an area, etc); to roam, wander. [from 15th c.]
  2. (transitive) To rove over or through.
    to range the fields
    • 1713, John Gay, “Rural Sports. A Georgic. Inscribed to Mr. [Alexander] Pope.”, in Poems on Several Occasions, volume I, London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], and Bernard Lintot, […], published 1720, →OCLC, page 21, lines 345–346:
      Novv to the copſe thy leſſer ſpaniel take, / Teach him to range the ditch, and force the brake; […]
  3. (obsolete, intransitive) To exercise the power of something over something else; to cause to submit to, over. [16th–19th c.]
  4. (transitive) To bring (something) into a specified position or relationship (especially, of opposition) with something else. [from 16th c.]
    • 1851 November 14, Herman Melville, “chapter 22”, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC:
      At last we gained such an offing, that the two pilots were needed no longer. The stout sail-boat that had accompanied us began ranging alongside.
    • 1910, Saki [pseudonym; Hector Hugh Munro], “The Bag”, in Reginald in Russia and Other Sketches, London: Methuen & Co. […], →OCLC, page 76:
      In ranging herself as a partisan on the side of Major Pallaby Mrs. Hoopington had been largely influenced by the fact that she had made up her mind to marry him at an early date.
  5. (intransitive) Of a variable, to be able to take any of the values in a specified range.
    The variable x ranges over all real values from 0 to 10.
    • 2002, Charlie Pottins, “How ADL got caught in Apartheid spy case”, in Jewish Socialist, number 46:
      The police seized 12,000 files containing information on a wide range of organisations and individuals. The ADL claimed to be only monitoring ‘hate groups’, and denied passing information to Israel or South Africa. But the files ranged over Arab-American community organisations, trade unions, the National Association for the Advancement of Coloured People, Anti-Apartheid, Women in Black and the International Jewish Peace Union. Only a relative handful of files dealt with the far right.
    • 2013 May-June, Kevin Heng, “Why Does Nature Form Exoplanets Easily?”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 3, page 184:
      In the past two years, NASA’s Kepler Space Telescope has located nearly 3,000 exoplanet candidates ranging from sub-Earth-sized minions to gas giants that dwarf our own Jupiter. Their densities range from that of styrofoam to iron.
    • 2023 November 1, Robert Drysdale, “Leven is nearly back on track...”, in RAIL, number 995, page 58:
      The 2025 timetable would feature two trains per hour, alternately routed via Kirkcaldy (with 11 intermediate stops) and Dunfermline (14 stops), with journey times ranging between 65 and 81 minutes.
  6. (transitive) To classify.
    to range plants and animals in genera and species
    • 1785, William Coxe, Travels Into Poland, Russia, Sweden, and Denmark, page 129:
      The coins are ranged into nine classes.
    • 2013, Hubert Kals, Fred van Houten, Integration of Process Knowledge into Design Support, page 378:
      All requirements could be ranged into the classes.
  7. (intransitive) To form a line or a row.
    The front of a house ranges with the street.
  8. (intransitive) To be placed in order; to be ranked; to admit of arrangement or classification; to rank.
  9. (transitive) To set in a row, or in rows; to place in a regular line or lines, or in ranks; to dispose in the proper order.
  10. (transitive) To place among others in a line, row, or order, as in the ranks of an army; usually, reflexively and figuratively, to espouse a cause, to join a party, etc.
    • 1796, Edmund Burke, A Letter from the Right Honourable Edmund Burke to a Noble Lord, on the Attacks Made upon Him and His Pension, […], 10th edition, London: […] J. Owen, […], and F[rancis] and C[harles] Rivington, […], →OCLC:
      It would be absurd in me to range myself on the side of the Duke of Bedford and the corresponding society.
  11. (biology) To be native to, or live in, a certain district or region.
    The peba ranges from Texas to Paraguay.
  12. (military, of artillery) To determine the range to a _target.
  13. To sail or pass in a direction parallel to or near.
    to range the coast
  14. (baseball) Of a player, to travel a significant distance for a defensive play.
    • 2009, Jason Aronoff, Going, Going ... Caught!: Baseball's Great Outfield Catches as Described by Those Who Saw Them, 1887-1964, →ISBN, page 250:
      Willie, playing in left-center, raced toward a ball no human had any business getting a glove to. Mays ranged to his left, searching, digging in, pouring on the speed, as the crowd screamed its anticipation of a triple.

For more quotations using this term, see Citations:range.

Derived terms

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Translations

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Further reading

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Anagrams

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Estonian

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Etymology

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Coined ex nihilo by Johannes Aavik in the 20th century.

Adjective

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range (genitive range, partitive ranget, comparative rangem, superlative kõige rangem)

  1. strict

Declension

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Declension of range (ÕS type 1/ohutu, no gradation)
singular plural
nominative range ranged
accusative nom.
gen. range
genitive rangete
partitive ranget rangeid
illative rangesse rangetesse
rangeisse
inessive ranges rangetes
rangeis
elative rangest rangetest
rangeist
allative rangele rangetele
rangeile
adessive rangel rangetel
rangeil
ablative rangelt rangetelt
rangeilt
translative rangeks rangeteks
rangeiks
terminative rangeni rangeteni
essive rangena rangetena
abessive rangeta rangeteta
comitative rangega rangetega

Finnish

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Etymology

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Unadapted borrowing from English range.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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range

  1. (golf) range, shooting range (place to practice shooting)
    Synonyms: harjoittelualue, harjoitusalue

Declension

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  • The external locative cases (adessive, allative and ablative) are used when talking about location; for example, "at the range" is rangella.
  • In writing, inflected after pronunciation 1:
Inflection of range (Kotus type 8/nalle, no gradation)
nominative range ranget
genitive rangen rangejen
partitive rangea rangeja
illative rangeen rangeihin
singular plural
nominative range ranget
accusative nom. range ranget
gen. rangen
genitive rangen rangejen
rangein rare
partitive rangea rangeja
inessive rangessa rangeissa
elative rangesta rangeista
illative rangeen rangeihin
adessive rangella rangeilla
ablative rangelta rangeilta
allative rangelle rangeille
essive rangena rangeina
translative rangeksi rangeiksi
abessive rangetta rangeitta
instructive — rangein
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of range (Kotus type 8/nalle, no gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative rangeni rangeni
accusative nom. rangeni rangeni
gen. rangeni
genitive rangeni rangejeni
rangeini rare
partitive rangeani rangejani
inessive rangessani rangeissani
elative rangestani rangeistani
illative rangeeni rangeihini
adessive rangellani rangeillani
ablative rangeltani rangeiltani
allative rangelleni rangeilleni
essive rangenani rangeinani
translative rangekseni rangeikseni
abessive rangettani rangeittani
instructive — —
comitative — rangeineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative rangesi rangesi
accusative nom. rangesi rangesi
gen. rangesi
genitive rangesi rangejesi
rangeisi rare
partitive rangeasi rangejasi
inessive rangessasi rangeissasi
elative rangestasi rangeistasi
illative rangeesi rangeihisi
adessive rangellasi rangeillasi
ablative rangeltasi rangeiltasi
allative rangellesi rangeillesi
essive rangenasi rangeinasi
translative rangeksesi rangeiksesi
abessive rangettasi rangeittasi
instructive — —
comitative — rangeinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative rangemme rangemme
accusative nom. rangemme rangemme
gen. rangemme
genitive rangemme rangejemme
rangeimme rare
partitive rangeamme rangejamme
inessive rangessamme rangeissamme
elative rangestamme rangeistamme
illative rangeemme rangeihimme
adessive rangellamme rangeillamme
ablative rangeltamme rangeiltamme
allative rangellemme rangeillemme
essive rangenamme rangeinamme
translative rangeksemme rangeiksemme
abessive rangettamme rangeittamme
instructive — —
comitative — rangeinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative rangenne rangenne
accusative nom. rangenne rangenne
gen. rangenne
genitive rangenne rangejenne
rangeinne rare
partitive rangeanne rangejanne
inessive rangessanne rangeissanne
elative rangestanne rangeistanne
illative rangeenne rangeihinne
adessive rangellanne rangeillanne
ablative rangeltanne rangeiltanne
allative rangellenne rangeillenne
essive rangenanne rangeinanne
translative rangeksenne rangeiksenne
abessive rangettanne rangeittanne
instructive — —
comitative — rangeinenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative rangensa rangensa
accusative nom. rangensa rangensa
gen. rangensa
genitive rangensa rangejensa
rangeinsa rare
partitive rangeaan
rangeansa 		rangejaan
rangejansa
inessive rangessaan
rangessansa 		rangeissaan
rangeissansa
elative rangestaan
rangestansa 		rangeistaan
rangeistansa
illative rangeensa rangeihinsa
adessive rangellaan
rangellansa 		rangeillaan
rangeillansa
ablative rangeltaan
rangeltansa 		rangeiltaan
rangeiltansa
allative rangelleen
rangellensa 		rangeilleen
rangeillensa
essive rangenaan
rangenansa 		rangeinaan
rangeinansa
translative rangekseen
rangeksensa 		rangeikseen
rangeiksensa
abessive rangettaan
rangettansa 		rangeittaan
rangeittansa
instructive — —
comitative — rangeineen
rangeinensa

French

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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range

  1. inflection of ranger:
    1. first/third-person singular present indicative/subjunctive
    2. second-person singular imperative

Anagrams

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Norwegian Nynorsk

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Etymology

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From the adjective rang and vrang.

Noun

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range f (definite singular ranga, indefinite plural ranger, definite plural rangene)

  1. the inside of a piece of clothing, but worn inside-out
    Antonym: rette
  2. the trachea, due to it being the wrong pipe, as opposed to the oesophagus, when eating

Verb

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range (present tense rangar, past tense ranga, past participle ranga, passive infinitive rangast, present participle rangande, imperative range/rang)

  1. (transitive) to turn inside-out (e.g. a piece of clothing)

Alternative forms

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Derived terms

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Adjective

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range

  1. definite singular of rang
  2. plural of rang

References

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Anagrams

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Portuguese

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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range

  1. inflection of ranger:
    1. third-person singular present indicative
    2. second-person singular imperative
  2. inflection of rangir:
    1. third-person singular present indicative
    2. second-person singular imperative
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=range&oldid=83137457"
  NODES
Association 1
COMMUNITY 1
INTERN 2
Note 1
Verify 3