rider

See also: Rider

English

Etymology

From Middle English ryder, ridere, from Late Old English rīdere (“rider, knight”). Compare Dutch rijder, German Reiter. By surface analysis, ride +‎ -er.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) enPR: rī'də(r), IPA^(key): /ˈɹaɪ.də(ɹ)/, [ˈɹ̠aɪdə(ɹ̠)]
• (General American) enPR: rī'dər, IPA^(key): /ˈɹaɪ.dəɹ/, [ˈɹ̠aɪɾɚ]
  • (Inland Northern American) IPA^(key): [ˈɹ̠äɪɾɚ]
• (General Australian) enPR: rī'də(r), IPA^(key): /ˈɹɑɪ.də(ɹ)/, [ˈɹ̠ʷɑe̯də(ɹʷ)]
• (Canada) IPA^(key): /ˈɹaɪ.dəɹ/, [ˈɹ̠aɪɾ(ə)ɹ̠]
  • (dialectal) IPA^(key): /ˈɹʌɪ.dəɹ/, [ˈɹ̠əjɾ(ə)ɹ̠]

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aɪdə(ɹ)
• Homophone: writer (with flapping but without Canadian raising)

Noun

rider (plural riders)

1. A mounted person.
   1. (now archaic or historical) A knight, or other mounted warrior. [from 11th c.]
   2. An old Dutch gold coin with the figure of a man on horseback stamped upon it. [from 14th c.]
      • c. 1609–1622?, John Fletcher, “The Womans Prize: Or, The Tamer Tamed”, in Comedies and Tragedies […], London: […] Humphrey Robinson, […], and for Humphrey Moseley […], published 1647, →OCLC, (please specify the act number in uppercase Roman numerals, and the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals):

        His mouldy money! half a dozen riders.

   3. (generally) Someone who rides a horse or (later) a bicycle, motorcycle etc. [from 14th c.]
      • 1807, [Miss Guion], chapter II, in The Three Germans. Mysteries Exemplified in the Life of Holstein of Lutztein. A German Romance. […], volume I, London: […] J[ames] F[letcher] Hughes, […], →OCLC, page 23:

        The eyes of Holstein de Dorenstorff stared, wildly, upon a figure, which at this instant appeared, mounted on a beautiful beast, […]; its rider was enveloped in a kind of large, concealing coat, which well answered the intent of its purport: […]

   4. (now historical or archaic) A mounted robber; a bandit, especially in the Scottish borders. [from 16th c.]
      • 1655, William Drummond of Hawthornden, History of Scotland […] :

        In Evosdale eight and fourty notorious Riders are hung on growing Trees, the most famous of which was John Arm-Strong

   5. (obsolete) Someone who breaks in or manages a horse; a riding master. [16th–17th c.]
      • c. 1598–1600 (date written), William Shakespeare, “As You Like It”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i]:

        They are taught their mannage, and to that end Riders deerely hir'd.

   6. (now rare, historical) An agent who goes out with samples of goods to obtain orders; a commercial traveller or travelling salesman. [from 18th c.]
      • 1790, James Boswell, in Danziger & Brady (eds.), Boswell: The Great Biographer (Journal 1789–1795), Yale 1989, p. 70:

        I set out with a Paisley manufacturer and a London rider, the latter of whom I envied for his smartness and self-complacency.

   8. (now chiefly US) Someone riding in a vehicle; a passenger on public transport. [from 19th c.]
      • 2021 March 25, Somini Sengupta, Geneva Abdul, Manuela Andreoni, Veronica Penney, “Riders Are Abandoning Buses and Trains. That's a Problem for Climate Change.”, in The New York Times‎^[1], →ISSN:

        On the London Underground, Piccadilly Circus station is nearly vacant on a weekday morning, while the Delhi Metro is ferrying fewer than half of the riders it used to.

   9. (sports) A boarder, a person who rides a board in boardsports.
      1. (sports) A skateboarder
      2. (sports) A snowboarder
2. An addition, supplement.
   1. (politics) A supplementary clause added to a document after drafting, especially to a bill under the consideration of a legislature. [from 17th c.]
   2. An amendment or addition to an entertainer's performance contract, often covering a performer's equipment or food, drinks, and general comfort requirements. [from 20th c.]
      • 2023 July 10, 1:07:39 from the start, in The Making of IMMORTALITY‎^[2]:

        I had sixteen nudity riders to sign and having Jean, our intimacy coordinator, Jean Franzblau, was absolutely pivotal to being able to do this.

   3. An additional matter or question arising in corollary; a qualification. [from 19th c.]
      • 2015, Ed Glinert, East End Chronicles‎^[3], Penguin UK, →ISBN:

        But they would hush momentarily for the farce, specially if billed with the grand rider: 'licensed by the Lord Chamberlain expressly for this theatre'.

   4. A supplementary question, now especially in mathematics. [from 19th c.]
      • 1886, Arthur Sherburne Hardy, The Wind of Destiny:

        This [question] was a rider which Mab found difficult to answer.

   5. (insurance) An add-on to an insurance policy.
3. Technical senses.
   1. (shipbuilding) An interior rib occasionally fixed in a ship's hold, reaching from the keelson to the beams of the lower deck, to strengthen the frame. [from 17th c.]
      • 2016, Lucy Blue, Frederick M. Hocker, Anton Englert, Connected by the Sea:

        During the four weeks of research, a considerable part of the ships structure was discovered underneath the ballast stones: keel, floor timbers, strakes, keelson together with mast step and its sisters and rider

   2. (mining, now rare) Rock material in a vein of ore, dividing it. [from 17th c.]
   3. (nautical, in the plural) The second tier of casks in a vessel's hold. [from 19th c.]
   4. A small, sliding piece of thin metal on a balance, used to determine small weights. [from 19th c.]
   5. (cartomancy) The first Lenormand card, also known as either the horseman or the cavalier.
   6. (chess) A piece, such as the rook or bishop, which moves any distance in one direction, as long as no other piece is in the way.

Synonyms

• (mounted person): horseman

Coordinate terms

• (attached information): allonge, attachment
• (mounted person): driver, passenger

Derived terms

• batty rider
• black rider (Famine)
• boundary rider
• boundary-rider
• butt rider
• camel rider
• circuit rider
• coffin rider
• dispatch rider
• forerider
• freedom rider
• free rider
• gang-rider
• hedge rider
• horse rider
• inclusion rider
• lowrider
• night rider
• pale rider (Death)
• post rider
• red rider (War)
• roughrider, rough rider
• Rough Riders
• rug rider
• sausage rider
• scrub rider
• spring rider
• surf rider
• transport rider
• waverider
• white rider (Conquest)

 

Translations

one who rides — see also cyclist,‎ driver

• Albanian: kalorës (sq) m
• Arabic: رَاكِب m (rākib), رَاكِبَة f (rākiba)
• Armenian: հեծյալ (hy) (hecyal)
• Azerbaijani: atlı (az)
• Belarusian: ве́ршнік m (vjéršnik), ве́ршніца f (vjéršnica), нае́знік m (najéznik), нае́зніца f (najéznica)
• Bulgarian: езда́ч (bg) m (ezdáč), езда́чка f (ezdáčka)
• Catalan: genet (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 車手 / 车手 (zh) (chēshǒu) (driver), 騎者 / 骑者 (qízhě), 騎手 / 骑手 (zh) (qíshǒu), 騎士 / 骑士 (zh) (qíshì)

• Corsican: cavalieru (co) m
• Czech: jezdec (cs) m, jezdkyně (cs) f
• Danish: rytter (da) c
• Dutch: ruiter (nl) m or f, rijder (nl) m or f, motorrijder (nl) m or f
• Estonian: ratsanik, ratsutaja
• Finnish: ratsastaja (fi) (horse); ajaja (fi), kuljettaja (fi), moottoripyöräilijä (fi), motoristi (fi) (motorcycle)
• French: cavalier (fr) m, cavalière (fr) f
• Georgian: ცხენოსანი (cxenosani), მხედარი (mxedari)
• German: Reiter (de) m, Reiterin (de) f (on a horse etc.); Fahrradfahrer (de) m (on a bike); Mopedfahrer (de) m, Mofafahrer (de) m, Motorradfahrer (de) m (on a motorbike etc.)
• Greek: αναβάτης (el) m (anavátis)
• Hungarian: lovas (hu)
• Indonesian: penunggang (id) (on a horse); pengendara (id) (on a motorbike)
• Ingrian: ajaja
• Irish: marcach m
• Italian: cavaliere (it) m (on a horse); motociclista (it) m, centauro (it) m (on a motorbike)
• Japanese: ライダー (ja) (raidā), 騎手 (ja) (きしゅ, kishu), 乗り手 (のりて, norite)
• Kazakh: салт атты (salt atty)
• Korean: 라이더 (ko) (raideo), 기수(騎手) (ko) (gisu)
• Kyrgyz: атчан (ky) (atcan)
• Lao: please add this translation if you can
• Latgalian: juojiejs m, raitinīks m
• Latin: rector m (on a horse)
• Latvian: jājējs m, jātnieks m
• Lithuanian: raitelis m, jojikas m
• Macedonian: јавач m (javač), јавачка f (javačka)
• Malay: penunggang (ms)
• Manx: markiagh m
• Maori: kaieke
• Mongolian:

  Cyrillic: морьтон (mn) (morʹton)

• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: rytter (no) m

  Nynorsk: ryttar m

• Old English: ridda m (on a horse)
• Old High German: ritto m (on a horse)
• Persian: اسب‌سوار (asb-savâr), سوار (fa) (savâr)
• Polish: jeździec (pl) m, jeźdźczyni (pl) f
• Portuguese: cavaleiro (pt) m
• Romanian: călăreț (ro) m, călăreață (ro) f
• Russian: вса́дник (ru) m (vsádnik), вса́дница (ru) f (vsádnica), нае́здник (ru) m (najézdnik), нае́здница (ru) f (najézdnica), седо́к (ru) m (sedók), ездо́к (ru) m (jezdók)
• Sanskrit: यावन् (sa) m (yāvan) (on a horse)
• Scottish Gaelic: marcach m
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: ја̀ха̄ч m, јаха̀чица f

  Roman: jàhāč (sh) m, jahàčica (sh) f

• Slovak: jazdec m, jazdkyňa f
• Slovene: jezdec (sl) m, jahač m, jahačica f, motorist m, motoristka f (of a vehicle)
• Spanish: jinete (es) m, pasajero (es) m
• Swedish: ryttare (sv) c
• Tajik: савор (savor)
• Thai: ผู้ขี่ (pûu-kìi)
• Tibetan: please add this translation if you can
• Turkish: atlı (tr)
• Ukrainian: ве́ршник m (véršnyk), ве́ршниця f (véršnycja), наї́зник m (najíznyk), наї́зниця f (najíznycja)
• Uzbek: otliq (uz)
• Vietnamese: người cưỡi ngựa, kị sĩ (vi)
• Welsh: marchog m (on a horse), beiciwr (cy) m (on a bicycle)

politics: additional provision annexed to a bill

• Bulgarian: допълни́телна кла́уза f (dopǎlnítelna kláuza)
• Finnish: ponsi (fi)
• German: Zusatzklausel f
• Icelandic: viðauki við samning (is) m
• Irish: aguisín m
• Latin: adiectio f
• Russian: дополне́ние (к докуме́нту) (ru) n (dopolnénije (k dokuméntu))

something extra or burdensome that is imposed

amendment to an entertainer's performance contract

• Finnish: lisäehdot pl
• Latin: adiectio f
• Russian: ра́йдер (ru) m (rájdɛr) (colloquial)

additional benefit attached to an insurance contract

• Finnish: lisäetu

small, sliding piece on a chemical balance

commercial traveller

• Finnish: kauppamatkustaja

one who breaks in or manages a horse

• German: Zureiter m

first Lenormand card

• Finnish: ratsastaja (fi)

math: problem of extra difficulty added to another on an examination paper

• Irish: fo-fhadhb f

old Dutch gold coin

mining: rock material in a vein of ore, dividing it

shipbuilding: interior rib reaching from the keelson to the lower deck

nautical: second tier of casks in a vessel's hold

small forked weight which straddles the beam of a balance

robber — see robber

chess: piece which moves any distance in one direction

See also

• (mounted person): mountie

Anagrams

• direr, drier, reird

Danish

Noun

rider c

1. indefinite plural of ride

Verb

rider

1. present of ride

French

Etymology 1

Inherited from Middle French rider, from Old French rider (“to wrinkle”), from Old High German rīdan, wrīdan (“to turn; twist; wind; wring; wind up; wrench”), from Proto-West Germanic *wrīþan (“to turn, twist”). Cognate with German reiden (“to turn; tie up; lace”). More at writhe.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʁi.de/

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

rider

1. (transitive, intransitive) to wrinkle
2. to ripple

   Le vent ridait la surface du lac.

   The wind made ripples into the lake's surface.

Conjugation

Conjugation of rider (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	rider
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	ridant /ʁi.dɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		ridé /ʁi.de/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	ride /ʁid/	rides /ʁid/	ride /ʁid/	ridons /ʁi.dɔ̃/	ridez /ʁi.de/	rident /ʁid/
	imperfect	ridais /ʁi.dɛ/	ridais /ʁi.dɛ/	ridait /ʁi.dɛ/	ridions /ʁi.djɔ̃/	ridiez /ʁi.dje/	ridaient /ʁi.dɛ/
	past historic2	ridai /ʁi.de/	ridas /ʁi.da/	rida /ʁi.da/	ridâmes /ʁi.dam/	ridâtes /ʁi.dat/	ridèrent /ʁi.dɛʁ/
	future	riderai /ʁi.dʁe/	rideras /ʁi.dʁa/	ridera /ʁi.dʁa/	riderons /ʁi.dʁɔ̃/	riderez /ʁi.dʁe/	rideront /ʁi.dʁɔ̃/
	conditional	riderais /ʁi.dʁɛ/	riderais /ʁi.dʁɛ/	riderait /ʁi.dʁɛ/	riderions /ʁi.də.ʁjɔ̃/	rideriez /ʁi.də.ʁje/	rideraient /ʁi.dʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	ride /ʁid/	rides /ʁid/	ride /ʁid/	ridions /ʁi.djɔ̃/	ridiez /ʁi.dje/	rident /ʁid/
	imperfect2	ridasse /ʁi.das/	ridasses /ʁi.das/	ridât /ʁi.da/	ridassions /ʁi.da.sjɔ̃/	ridassiez /ʁi.da.sje/	ridassent /ʁi.das/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	ride /ʁid/	—	ridons /ʁi.dɔ̃/	ridez /ʁi.de/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Further reading

• “rider”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English ride.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʁaj.de/

Verb

rider

1. (Louisiana, Cajun) to ride

Conjugation

Conjugation of rider (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	rider
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	ridant /ʁaj.dɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		ridé /ʁaj.de/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	ride /ʁajd/	rides /ʁajd/	ride /ʁajd/	ridons /ʁaj.dɔ̃/	ridez /ʁaj.de/	rident /ʁajd/
	imperfect	ridais /ʁaj.dɛ/	ridais /ʁaj.dɛ/	ridait /ʁaj.dɛ/	ridions /ʁaj.djɔ̃/	ridiez /ʁaj.dje/	ridaient /ʁaj.dɛ/
	past historic2	ridai /ʁaj.de/	ridas /ʁaj.da/	rida /ʁaj.da/	ridâmes /ʁaj.dam/	ridâtes /ʁaj.dat/	ridèrent /ʁaj.dɛʁ/
	future	riderai /ʁaj.də.ʁe/	rideras /ʁaj.də.ʁa/	ridera /ʁaj.də.ʁa/	riderons /ʁaj.də.ʁɔ̃/	riderez /ʁaj.də.ʁe/	rideront /ʁaj.də.ʁɔ̃/
	conditional	riderais /ʁaj.də.ʁɛ/	riderais /ʁaj.də.ʁɛ/	riderait /ʁaj.də.ʁɛ/	riderions /ʁaj.də.ʁjɔ̃/	rideriez /ʁaj.də.ʁje/	rideraient /ʁaj.də.ʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	ride /ʁajd/	rides /ʁajd/	ride /ʁajd/	ridions /ʁaj.djɔ̃/	ridiez /ʁaj.dje/	rident /ʁajd/
	imperfect2	ridasse /ʁaj.das/	ridasses /ʁaj.das/	ridât /ʁaj.da/	ridassions /ʁaj.da.sjɔ̃/	ridassiez /ʁaj.da.sje/	ridassent /ʁaj.das/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	ride /ʁajd/	—	ridons /ʁaj.dɔ̃/	ridez /ʁaj.de/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Interlingua

Verb

rider

1. to laugh

Related terms

• surrider

Middle English

Noun

rider

1. Alternative form of ryder

Middle French

Etymology

From Old French rider (“to wrinkle”), from Old High German rīdan (“to turn; twist”).

Verb

rider

1. to wrinkle

Conjugation

• Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.

Conjugation of rider

infinitive	simple	rider
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle1 or gerund2	simple	ridant
	compound	present participle or gerund of avoir + past participle
past participle		ridé
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ie (i’)	tu	il, elle	nous	vous	ilz, elles
(simple tenses)	present	ride	rides	ride	ridons	ridez	rident
	imperfect	ridois, ridoys	ridois, ridoys	ridoit, ridoyt	ridions, ridyons	ridiez, ridyez	ridoient, ridoyent
	past historic	rida	ridas	rida	ridasmes	ridastes	riderent
	future	riderai, rideray	rideras	ridera	riderons	riderez	rideront
	conditional	riderois, rideroys	riderois, rideroys	rideroit, rideroyt	riderions, rideryons	rideriez, rideryez	rideroient, rideroyent
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que ie (i’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ilz, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	ride	rides	ride	ridons	ridez	rident
	imperfect	ridasse	ridasses	ridast	ridassions	ridassiez	ridassent
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	ride	—	ridons	ridez	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The present participle was variable in gender and number until the 17th century (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], Une esthétique nouvelle: Honoré d'Urfé, correcteur de l'Astrée, p. 179). The French Academy would eventually declare it not to be declined in 1679.
2 The gerund was held to be invariable by grammarians of the early 17th century, and was usable with preposition en, as in Modern French, although the preposition was not mandatory (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], op. cit., p. 180).

Descendants

• French: rider

Middle Low German

Etymology

From the verb rîden (“ride”). Cognate with English rider and German Reiter (“rider”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /riːðər/

Noun

rîder

1. a rider

Norwegian Bokmål

Verb

rider

1. present of ride

Spanish

Noun

rider m (plural rideres)

1. rider, biker (motorcyclist)

Swedish

Verb

rider

1. present indicative of rida

Anagrams

• dirre