rubeus

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈru.be.us/, [ˈrʊbeʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈru.be.us/, [ˈruːbeus]

Etymology 1

From rubeō (“I am red, reddish”).

Alternative forms

• robeus

Adjective

rubeus (feminine rubea, neuter rubeum); first/second-declension adjective

1. red, reddish (colour)
   • 37 BCE, Marcus Terentius Varro, De Re Rustica, book 2, chapter 8:

     [Bōvum sit] corium tactū nōn asperum ac dūrum, colōre potissimum nigrō, deinde robeō, tertiō helvō, quartō albō[...]

     [Cows'] skin [should be] not rough and hard to the touch, with a color preferably black, next red, third yellow, fourth white[...]

   • (Can we date this quote?), Gaius Julius Hyginus, “Polyidus”, in Fabulae‎^[1]:

     Mīnos sorte audītā coepit mōnstrum ā suīs quaerere; cui dīxērunt nātum esse uītulum quī ter in diē colōrem mūtāret per quaternās hōrās, prīmum album, secundō rubeum, deinde nigrum. Minos autem ad mōnstrum solvendum augurēs convocāvit, quī cum nōn invenīrentur, Polyīdus Coeranī fīlius Bizantī mōnstrum dēmōnstrāvit, eum arborī mōrō similem esse; nam prīmum album est, deinde rubrum, cum permātūrāvit nigrum.

     Minos, having heard the oracle, began to seek a monster from among his people; they said that to them had been born a calf that would change its color three times a day every four hours, first white, second red, then black. So Minos called the augurs together to deal with the monster; when they were not found, Polyidus, son of Coeranus of Byzantium, pointed out that the monster was similar to the blackberry tree, for it is first white, then red, and when it has entirely ripened, black.

   • c. 400, Rutilius Taurus Aemilianus Palladius, Opus Agriculturae‎^[2], book 4 (Mensis Martius), chapter 14 (De mulis et asinis), line 3:

     Admissārius tamen asinus sit huiusmodī, corpore amplō, solidō, mūsculōsō, strictīs et fortibus membrīs, nigrī vel mūrīnī maximē colōris aut rubeī: quī tamen, sī discolōrēs pilōs in palpebrīs aut auribus geret, colōrem subolis plērumque variābit.

     But a stud donkey should be of this kind: with a large, firm, muscular body, tight and strong limbs, of a black, or at most mouse-like or red, color; but if it has different-colored hairs on its eyelids or ears, then it will mostly make its offspring's color different.

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

	singular				plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	rubeus	rubea	rubeum		rubeī	rubeae	rubea
genitive	rubeī	rubeae	rubeī		rubeōrum	rubeārum	rubeōrum
dative	rubeō	rubeae	rubeō		rubeīs
accusative	rubeum	rubeam	rubeum		rubeōs	rubeās	rubea
ablative	rubeō	rubeā	rubeō		rubeīs
vocative	rubee	rubea	rubeum		rubeī	rubeae	rubea

Synonyms

• (red): ruber, russus

Related terms

• rubēdō
• rubefaciō
• rubelliānus
• rubelliō
• rubellulus
• rubellus
• rubēns
• rubeō
• ruber
• rubēscō
• rubicundulus
• rubicundus
• rūbidus
• rubor
• rūbrīca
• rūbricātus
• rūbrīcō
• rūbrīcōsus
• rubrus

 

Descendants

• Catalan: roig
• Franco-Provençal: rojo
• Galician: rubio, roibo
• Interlingua: rubie
• Italian: robbio
• Occitan: roge
• Old French: roge
  • Middle French: rouge
    • French: rouge
      • → English: rouge
      • Haitian Creole: rouj, wouj
      • → Hijazi Arabic: روج (rōj)
      • → Japanese: ルージュ (rūju)
      • → Korean: 루주 (ruju)
      • Louisiana Creole: rouj
      • → Norwegian Nynorsk: rouge
      • → Serbo-Croatian: ruž
      • → Swedish: rouge
      • → Turkish: ruj
  • Norman: rouage (Guernsey), rouoge (Jersey, continental Normandy)
  • Walloon: rodje
• Portuguese: rúbeo, ruivo
• Romanian: roib
• Sardinian: arrúbiu, rúbiu, ruju
• Spanish: roya, royo; → rúbeo; rubio
  • → Tagalog: rubyo

Etymology 2

From rubus (“bramble bush”) +‎ -eus.

Adjective

rubeus (feminine rubea, neuter rubeum); first/second-declension adjective

1. of or pertaining to the bramble or blackberry bush
   • 29 BCE, P. Vergilius Maro, Georgics‎^[3], book 1, lines 264-7:

     Exacuunt aliī vallōs furcāsque bicornīs
     atque Amerīna parant lentae retinācula vītī.
     Nunc facilis rubeā texātur fiscina virgā,
     nunc torrēte ignī frūgēs, nunc frangite saxō.

     Others sharpen the stakes and two-horned forks
     and prepare the Amerian trellises for the flexible grapevine.
     Now let the easily-made basket be woven of blackberry twigs;
     now dry the fruits with fire, now break them with stone.

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

	singular				plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	rubeus	rubea	rubeum		rubeī	rubeae	rubea
genitive	rubeī	rubeae	rubeī		rubeōrum	rubeārum	rubeōrum
dative	rubeō	rubeae	rubeō		rubeīs
accusative	rubeum	rubeam	rubeum		rubeōs	rubeās	rubea
ablative	rubeō	rubeā	rubeō		rubeīs
vocative	rubee	rubea	rubeum		rubeī	rubeae	rubea

Related terms

• rubus

References

• “rubeus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “rubeus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• rubeus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• rubeus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.