sachar

Galician

Sachando

Etymology

From Late Latin sarculāre, derived from Latin sarculum. By surface analysis, sacho +‎ -ar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /saˈt͡ʃaɾ/

Verb

sachar (first-person singular present sacho, first-person singular preterite sachei, past participle sachado)

1. to weed; to hoe
   • 1886, Benito Losada Astray, Soaces d'un vello, A Coruña: Latorre y Martínez Edts, page 207:

     Teño unha rapaza na Ponte da Ulla, que máis espelida non achei ningunha Ela cose, prancha, le, sabe de pruma, espadela, tece e fía por dúas; enforna e peneira, escroucha, debulla, sacha, mux'as vacas e vendim'as uvas

     I have a girl in Ponte da Ulla who is more skilful than any other I've met: she sews, she irons, she reads, she knows about the pen, she scutches, she weaves and spins for two persons; she ovens and sieves, she peels and de-kernels the corn, she hoes, she milks the cows and harvest the grapes

2. (soccer, sports) tackle (to attempt to take away a ball)

   Synonym: entrar

   • 2019 November 29, “Luis Ruiz: "Teremos que sachar moito no Anxo Carro"”, in TVG‎^[1]:
   • 2021 July 16, Dani Baniela, “"Nunca deixes de sachar", nueva campaña de abonados del Lugo”, in As‎^[2]:

Conjugation

    Conjugation of sachar

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	sachar
Personal	sachar	sachares	sachar	sacharmos	sachardes	sacharen
Gerund
	sachando
Past participle
Masculine	sachado			sachados
Feminine	sachada			sachadas
Indicative
Present	sacho	sachas	sacha	sachamos	sachades	sachan
Imperfect	sachaba	sachabas	sachaba	sachabamos	sachabades	sachaban
Preterite	sachei	sachaches	sachou	sachamos	sachastes	sacharon
Pluperfect	sachara	sacharas	sachara	sacharamos	sacharades	sacharan
Future	sacharei	sacharás	sachará	sacharemos	sacharedes	sacharán
Conditional	sacharía	sacharías	sacharía	sachariamos	sachariades	sacharían
Subjunctive
Present	sache	saches	sache	sachemos	sachedes	sachen
Imperfect	sachase	sachases	sachase	sachásemos	sachásedes	sachasen
Future	sachar	sachares	sachar	sacharmos	sachardes	sacharen
Imperative
Affirmative		sacha	sache	sachemos	sachade	sachen
Negative (non)		non saches	non sache	non sachemos	non sachedes	non sachen

    Reintegrated conjugation of sachar (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	sachar
Personal	sachar	sachares	sachar	sacharmos	sachardes	sacharem
Gerund
	sachando
Past participle
Masculine	sachado			sachados
Feminine	sachada			sachadas
Indicative
Present	sacho	sachas	sacha	sachamos	sachades, sachais	sacham
Imperfect	sachava	sachavas	sachava	sachávamos	sachávades, sacháveis, sachávais1	sachavam
Preterite	sachei	sachaste, sachache1	sachou	sachamos	sachastes	sachárom, sacharam
Pluperfect	sachara	sacharas	sachara	sacháramos	sachárades, sacháreis, sachárais1	sacharam
Future	sacharei	sacharás	sachará	sacharemos	sacharedes, sachareis	sacharám, sacharão
Conditional	sacharia	sacharias	sacharia	sacharíamos	sacharíades, sacharíeis, sacharíais1	sachariam
Subjunctive
Present	sache	saches	sache	sachemos	sachedes, sacheis	sachem
Imperfect	sachasse	sachasses	sachasse	sachássemos	sachássedes, sachásseis	sachassem
Future	sachar	sachares	sachar	sacharmos	sachardes	sacharem
Imperative
Affirmative		sacha	sache	sachemos	sachade, sachai	sachem
Negative (nom)		nom saches	nom sache	nom sachemos	nom sachedes, nom sacheis	nom sachem

¹Less recommended.

Derived terms

• sachado
• sachada

Related terms

• sacho (“weeding hoe”)

References

• Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “sach”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
• Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “saçh”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “sachar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• “sachar”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2024
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “sachar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “sachar”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Portuguese

Etymology

From sacho (“hoe”) +‎ -ar.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /saˈʃa(ʁ)/ [saˈʃa(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /saˈʃa(ʁ)/ [saˈʃa(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /saˈʃa(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /saˈʃa(ʁ)/ [saˈʃa(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /saˈʃa(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /sɐˈʃaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /sɐˈʃaɾ/
  • (Northern Portugal) IPA^(key): /sɐˈt͡ʃaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /sɐˈʃa.ɾi/

• Hyphenation: sa‧char

Verb

sachar (first-person singular present sacho, first-person singular preterite sachei, past participle sachado)

1. (transitive) to hoe

Conjugation

    Conjugation of sachar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	sachar
Personal	sachar	sachares	sachar	sacharmos	sachardes	sacharem
Gerund
	sachando
Past participle
Masculine	sachado			sachados
Feminine	sachada			sachadas
Indicative
Present	sacho	sachas	sacha	sachamos	sachais	sacham
Imperfect	sachava	sachavas	sachava	sachávamos	sacháveis	sachavam
Preterite	sachei	sachaste	sachou	sachamos1, sachámos2	sachastes	sacharam
Pluperfect	sachara	sacharas	sachara	sacháramos	sacháreis	sacharam
Future	sacharei	sacharás	sachará	sacharemos	sachareis	sacharão
Conditional	sacharia	sacharias	sacharia	sacharíamos	sacharíeis	sachariam
Subjunctive
Present	sache	saches	sache	sachemos	sacheis	sachem
Imperfect	sachasse	sachasses	sachasse	sachássemos	sachásseis	sachassem
Future	sachar	sachares	sachar	sacharmos	sachardes	sacharem
Imperative
Affirmative		sacha	sache	sachemos	sachai	sachem
Negative (não)		não saches	não sache	não sachemos	não sacheis	não sachem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Related terms

• sacho
• sachadura

Further reading

• “sachar”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2024
• “sachar”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2024

Spanish

Etymology

Inherited from Late Latin sarculāre, derived from Latin sarculum. Doublet of sallar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /saˈt͡ʃaɾ/ [saˈt͡ʃaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: sa‧char

Verb

sachar (first-person singular present sacho, first-person singular preterite saché, past participle sachado)

1. (transitive) to weed (with a hoe)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of sachar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			sachar
gerund			sachando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		sachado		sachada
		plural		sachados		sachadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	sacho	sachastú sachásvos	sacha	sachamos	sacháis	sachan
	imperfect	sachaba	sachabas	sachaba	sachábamos	sachabais	sachaban
	preterite	saché	sachaste	sachó	sachamos	sachasteis	sacharon
	future	sacharé	sacharás	sachará	sacharemos	sacharéis	sacharán
	conditional	sacharía	sacharías	sacharía	sacharíamos	sacharíais	sacharían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	sache	sachestú sachésvos2	sache	sachemos	sachéis	sachen
	imperfect (ra)	sachara	sacharas	sachara	sacháramos	sacharais	sacharan
	imperfect (se)	sachase	sachases	sachase	sachásemos	sachaseis	sachasen
	future1	sachare	sachares	sachare	sacháremos	sachareis	sacharen
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		sachatú sachávos	sache	sachemos	sachad	sachen
	negative		no saches	no sache	no sachemos	no sachéis	no sachen

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of sachar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive sachar	dative	sacharme	sacharte	sacharle, sacharse	sacharnos	sacharos	sacharles, sacharse
	accusative	sacharme	sacharte	sacharlo, sacharla, sacharse	sacharnos	sacharos	sacharlos, sacharlas, sacharse
with gerund sachando	dative	sachándome	sachándote	sachándole, sachándose	sachándonos	sachándoos	sachándoles, sachándose
	accusative	sachándome	sachándote	sachándolo, sachándola, sachándose	sachándonos	sachándoos	sachándolos, sachándolas, sachándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative sacha	dative	sáchame	sáchate	sáchale	sáchanos	not used	sáchales
	accusative	sáchame	sáchate	sáchalo, sáchala	sáchanos	not used	sáchalos, sáchalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative sachá	dative	sachame	sachate	sachale	sachanos	not used	sachales
	accusative	sachame	sachate	sachalo, sachala	sachanos	not used	sachalos, sachalas
with formal second-person singular imperative sache	dative	sácheme	not used	sáchele, sáchese	sáchenos	not used	sácheles
	accusative	sácheme	not used	sáchelo, sáchela, sáchese	sáchenos	not used	sáchelos, sáchelas
with first-person plural imperative sachemos	dative	not used	sachémoste	sachémosle	sachémonos	sachémoos	sachémosles
	accusative	not used	sachémoste	sachémoslo, sachémosla	sachémonos	sachémoos	sachémoslos, sachémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative sachad	dative	sachadme	not used	sachadle	sachadnos	sachaos	sachadles
	accusative	sachadme	not used	sachadlo, sachadla	sachadnos	sachaos	sachadlos, sachadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative sachen	dative	sáchenme	not used	sáchenle	sáchennos	not used	sáchenles, sáchense
	accusative	sáchenme	not used	sáchenlo, sáchenla	sáchennos	not used	sáchenlos, sáchenlas, sáchense

Further reading

• “sachar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10