saidid

See also: sáidid

Old Irish

A verb with a normally simple etymology but complicated by an irregular preterite.

Most forms are from Proto-Celtic *sedeti, from Proto-Indo-European *sed-, with an analogical vocalism taking after laigid.^[1]^[2]
The deponent preterite forms, such as síasair, are subject to controversy. Thurneysen on the one hand believed it is a blend of an s-preterite and a reduplicated preterite, i.e. a reduplicated s-preterite.^[3] McCone and Matasović on the other hand believe that they are suppletive and originally belonged to Proto-Celtic *sistati, which itself is derived from Proto-Indo-European *stísteh₂ti.^[4]^[5]
The perfect forms, in contrast, are not suppletive despite their irregular augments (dí- +‎ in-) and preserve the old preterite of Proto-Celtic *sedeti, *sāde in any case.

saidid (verbal noun suide)

to sit (down)
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 26^a8
  Seiss i tempul amal do·n-essid Críst; ꝉ do·géntar aidchumtach tempuil less, et pridchibid smactu rechto fetarlicce, et gébtit Iudei i n-apid, et ɔ·scéra rect núíadnissi.
  He will sit in the temple as Christ sat; or rebuilding of the temple will be done by him, and he will preach the institutes of the law of the Old Testament, and the Jews will accept him as lord, and he will destroy the law of the New Testament.

The preterite is reduplicated, while the perfect is from an á-preterite formation obscured in the plural by analogical palatalization.

Simple, class B I present, reduplicated and á preterite, unreduplicated s future, s subjunctive

⇒ Middle Irish: suidid (“to sit, set”) (with vowel changed under the influence of the verbal noun and transitive suidigidir)
- Irish: suigh (“to sit, set”)
- Manx: soie (“to set”)
- Scottish Gaelic: suidh (“to sit”)

Mutation of *saidid*
radical	lenition	nasalization
saidid	ṡaidid	unchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*sed-o-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 325-326
^ Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940) D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, § 186; reprinted 2017
^ Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940) D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, § 690; reprinted 2017
^ McCone, Kim (1997) The Early Irish Verb (Maynooth Monographs 1), 2nd edition, Maynooth: An Sagart, →ISBN, page 79
^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*si-sta-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 338