scald

English

Pronunciation

• (US) IPA^(key): /skɔld/, (cot–caught merger) /skɑld/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• (UK) IPA^(key): /skɔːld/, /skɒld/
• Rhymes: -ɔːld
• Homophone: skald

Etymology 1

From Middle English scalden, from Old Northern French escalder (cf. central Old French eschauder, eschalder), from Late Latin excaldāre (“bathe in hot water”), from ex- (“off, out”) +‎ cal(i)dus (“hot”).

Verb

scald (third-person singular simple present scalds, present participle scalding, simple past and past participle scalded)

1. To burn with hot liquid.

   to scald the hand

   • c. 1603–1606, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of King Lear”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, (please specify the act number in uppercase Roman numerals), page vii, line 48:

     Mine own tears / Do scald like molten lead.

   • 1656, Abraham Cowley, Davideis:

     Here the blue flames of scalding brimstone fall.

   • 1943 March and April, “Notes and News: Southern Locomotive Destroys Raider”, in Railway Magazine, page 119:

     The fireman was scalded by steam, but he did not fare so badly as the enemy pilot, whose dead body was found on a bank about 100 yd. away from the train.

2. (cooking) To heat almost to boiling.

   Scald the milk until little bubbles form.

Translations

to burn with hot fluid

• Bulgarian: попарвам (bg) (poparvam)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 燙傷 / 烫伤 (zh) (tàngshāng), 燙 / 烫 (zh) (tàng)

• Czech: opařit pf, spařit pf
• Finnish: polttaa (fi), aiheuttaa palovamma, kaltata (fi)
• French: ébouillanter (fr)
• Galician: escaldar
• German: verbrühen (de)
• Greek: ζεματώ (el) (zemató)
• Hebrew: שרף (he) (saráf)
• Hungarian: leforráz (hu)
• Italian: scottare (it)
• Latin: combūrō
• Lithuanian: plikyti
• Portuguese: escaldar (pt)
• Romanian: opări (ro)
• Russian: обжига́ть (ru) impf (obžigátʹ), обже́чь (ru) pf (obžéčʹ), ошпаривать (ru) impf (ošparivatʹ), ошпа́рить (ru) pf (ošpáritʹ), обва́ривать (ru) impf (obvárivatʹ), обвари́ть (ru) pf (obvarítʹ)
• Spanish: quemar (es), escaldar (es)
• Swedish: skålla (sv)
• Tagalog: banlian (tl), mabanlian, makabanli
• Thai: ลวก (th) (lûuak)
• Ukrainian: обшпарювати (obšparjuvaty), обшпарити (obšparyty)

to heat almost to boiling

• Bulgarian: запарвам (zaparvam)
• Finnish: kuumentaa (fi)
• German: brühen (de)
• Hebrew: הרתיח (hirtíakh)
• Italian: scaldare (it)
• Portuguese: escaldar (pt)
• Romanian: opări (ro)
• Russian: ^{(please verify)} доводи́ть до кипе́ния impf (dovodítʹ do kipénija), ^{(please verify)} довести́ до кипе́ния pf (dovestí do kipénija)
• Spanish: escaldar (es)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

• Norman: ^{(please verify)} scâler (Jersey)

Noun

scald (plural scalds)

1. A burn, or injury to the skin or flesh, by hot liquid or steam.
2. (Appalachia) Poor or bad land.

Derived terms

• barley scald

Translations

burn with hot liquid

• Bulgarian: изгорено място (izgoreno mjasto)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 燙傷 / 烫伤 (zh) (tàngshāng)

• German: Verbrühung (de) f
• Hebrew: כווייה (he) f (kviyá)
• Romanian: opăritură (ro)
• Russian: ожо́г (ru) m (ožóg)
• Spanish: quemadura (es) f, escaldadura f

Etymology 2

Alteration of scall or scalled.

Noun

scald (uncountable)

1. (obsolete) Scaliness; a scabby skin disease.
   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book II, Canto VII”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:

     Her craftie head was altogether bald, / And as in hate of honorable eld, / Was ouergrowne with scurfe and filthy scald […].

   • 1603, Michel de Montaigne, chapter 12, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book II, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC:

     Some heale Horses, some cure men, some the plague, some the scald [translating teigne], some the cough, some one kinde of scab, and some another […].

Adjective

scald (comparative more scald, superlative most scald)

1. (obsolete) Affected with the scab; scabby.
   • 1599, William Shakespeare, The Merry Wives of Windsor, act III, scene i, line 110:

     and let us knog our / prains together to be revenge on this same scald, scurvy, / cogging companion,

2. (obsolete) Paltry; worthless.
   • c. 1587–1588, [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], 2nd edition, part 1, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, →OCLC; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire, London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act II, scene ii:

     Would it not grieue a King to be so abuſ’d?
     And haue a thouſand horſmen tane away?
     And which is worſe to haue his Diadem
     Sought for by ſuch ſcalde knaues as loue him not?

   • 1598, William Shakespeare, The Tragedy of Antony and Cleopatra, act V, scene ii, line 215:

     Saucy lictors / Will catch at us like strumpets, and scald rhymers / Ballad us out o' tune.

Synonyms

• (scabby): roynish, scurvy; see also Thesaurus:scabby
• (paltry): contemptible, miserable, trashy; see also Thesaurus:despicable

Etymology 3

Noun

scald (plural scalds)

1. Alternative form of skald
   • 1819 December 20 (indicated as 1820), Walter Scott, chapter I, in Ivanhoe; a Romance. […], volume III, Edinburgh: […] Archibald Constable and Co.; London: Hurst, Robinson, and Co. […], →OCLC, page 28:

     The fire was spreading rapidly through all parts of the castle, when Ulrica, who had first kindled it, appeared on a turret, in the guise of one of the ancient furies, yelling forth a war-song, such as was of yore chaunted on the field of battle by the scalds of the yet heathen Saxons.

Part or all of this entry has been imported from the 1913 edition of Webster’s Dictionary, which is now free of copyright and hence in the public domain. The imported definitions may be significantly out of date, and any more recent senses may be completely missing.
(See the entry for “scald”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.)

See also

• scald-crow (possibly etymologically related to above)

Anagrams

• DACLs, S.D. Cal., clads

Middle Scots

Pronunciation

• (Early Scots) IPA^(key): [skauld]
• (Early Middle Scots) IPA^(key): [skɑːld], [skaːld]
• (Late Middle Scots) IPA^(key): [skɑːld], [skaːld]

Etymology 1

Inherited from Middle English scald, later spelling of scallede affected with the scall, contemptible.

Alternative forms

• skade, scaid, skaid, scad, skald, scauld

Adjective

scald

1. affected by a scabby disease of the skin or scalp
2. scabby, passing into an expression of general opprobrium or revulsion, foul, filthy

Derived terms

proverbs

• a skabbed horse is good enough for a skald squir
• a skade mans head is soon broken
• he cals me skabbed because I will not call him skade

 

Etymology 2

Inherited from Middle English scald, apparently obsolete after 1483, from Old Norse skáld (“poet”).

Alternative forms

• scauld, skaul, scall, skold

Noun

scald

1. one given to the use of vituperation or abusive language
2. one who by the use of such language causes public disturbance
3. a foul-mouthed quarreller (applied to both men and women, but in the 17th century perh. increasingly to women.)

Etymology 3

Possibly from English scald, first certified in 1601.

Alternative forms

• skaid, scad

Noun

scald

1. (possibly figuratively) a mark or blemish

Derived terms

• hart-scald
• hartskaid

 

Etymology 4

Inherited from Middle English schalde, from Old French eschalder (“to burn, scald”), from Late Latin excaldāre (“to wash in hot water”).

Alternative forms

• skad, scade, skaid, schald, scawde, skaude, scall, scad, skald

Verb

scald

1. (transitive, of fire) to scorch or burn (also of the fire of Purgatory)
   1. (absolutive, reflexive) to burn (a person) by way of punishment
   2. (absolutive) to hurt by, or as by, the action of hot steam or liquid
2. to affect (something) in a way comparable to the effect produced by the action of hot water or steam; to damage severely
   1. (of thoughts or cares) to inflame or irritate (a person, his or her mind)
3. to cleanse, wash out or sterilise with boiling water
4. (used only in proverbs) to cause (one's lips) to be scalded or burned by eating hot food (also with reflexive object.)
5. (intransitive) to suffer the effects of excessive heat; to faint or swoon in consequence of (with) this; to shrivel up
   1. (figuratively) to burn with (in) strong emotion or desire
6. to behave as if boiling, or about to boil; to froth; to bubble
7. to set fire to property, etc.; to burn

Conjugation

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Etymology 5

Inherited from Middle English scolden.

Alternative forms

• skald, scold, skauld, skall

Verb

scald

1. (intransitive) to rail; to brawl; to quarrel noisily and in unseemly terms
2. (transitive) to rebuke, chide

Conjugation

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Further reading

• “scald”, in The Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries, 2004–present, →OCLC.

Romanian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈskald/
• Rhymes: -ald

Etymology 1

Verb

scald

1. first-person singular present indicative/subjunctive of scălda

Etymology 2

Borrowed from French scalde.

Noun

scald m (plural scalzi)

1. skald

Declension

	singular			plural
	indefinite	definite		indefinite	definite
nominative-accusative	scald	scaldul		scalzi	scalzii
genitive-dative	scald	scaldului		scalzi	scalzilor
vocative	scaldule			scalzilor