schaven
Dutch
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editFrom Middle Dutch schāven, from Old Dutch *skavan, from Proto-West Germanic *skaban, from Proto-Germanic *skabaną.
Verb
editschaven
- (transitive) to plane, to grate
- (transitive) to smooth
- (intransitive) to rub roughly, over a rough surface
Conjugation
editConjugation of schaven (weak) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | schaven | |||
past singular | schaafde | |||
past participle | geschaafd | |||
infinitive | schaven | |||
gerund | schaven n | |||
present tense | past tense | |||
1st person singular | schaaf | schaafde | ||
2nd person sing. (jij) | schaaft, schaaf2 | schaafde | ||
2nd person sing. (u) | schaaft | schaafde | ||
2nd person sing. (gij) | schaaft | schaafde | ||
3rd person singular | schaaft | schaafde | ||
plural | schaven | schaafden | ||
subjunctive sing.1 | schave | schaafde | ||
subjunctive plur.1 | schaven | schaafden | ||
imperative sing. | schaaf | |||
imperative plur.1 | schaaft | |||
participles | schavend | geschaafd | ||
1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion. |
Derived terms
editDescendants
editEtymology 2
editSee the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Noun
editschaven
Low German
editEtymology
editFrom Middle Low German schāven, from Old Saxon skavan.
Verb
editschaven (past schaav, past participle schaavt, auxiliary verb hebben)
- (transitive) to scrape; to scratch; to scour; to chafe
- (intransitive) to scrape
- (reflexive) to scrape oneself; to scrub oneself
- (reflexive, figuratively) to shave oneself
Conjugation
editinfinitive | schaven | |
---|---|---|
indicative | present | preterite |
1st person singular | schaav | schaav |
2nd person singular | schaavs(t) | schaavs(t) |
3rd person singular | schaav(t) | schaav |
plural | schaavt, schaaven | schaven |
imperative | present | — |
singular | schaav(e) | |
plural | schaavt | |
participle | present | past |
schaven | (e)schaavt, geschaavt | |
Note: This conjugation is one of many; neither its grammar nor spelling apply to all dialects. |
Derived terms
editMiddle Dutch
editEtymology
editfrom Old Dutch *scavan, from Proto-West Germanic *skaban.
Verb
editschāven
Inflection
editThis verb needs an inflection-table template.
Descendants
editFurther reading
edit- “scaven”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “schaven”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN
Middle English
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editFrom Old English sċafan, from Proto-West Germanic *skaban; equivalent to schave + -en (infinitival suffix).
Pronunciation
editVerb
editschaven (third-person singular simple present schaveth, present participle schavynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative schof, past participle schaven)
- To scrape or scratch, especially into pieces:
- To razor hair; to use a unpaired blade to cut hair:
- To dice or chop off; to eliminate by cutting.
Conjugation
editinfinitive | (to) schaven, schave | ||
---|---|---|---|
present tense | past tense | ||
1st-person singular | schave | schof, schaved | |
2nd-person singular | schavest | schove, schof, schavedest | |
3rd-person singular | schaveth | schof, schaved | |
subjunctive singular | schave | schove1, schaved1 | |
imperative singular | — | ||
plural2 | schaven, schave | schoven, schove, schaveden, schavede | |
imperative plural | schaveth, schave | — | |
participles | schavynge, schavende | schaven, schave, schaved, yschaven, yschave, yschaved |
1Replaced by the indicative in later Middle English.
2Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.
Related terms
editDescendants
edit- English: shave
- → Welsh: siafio
- Scots: schave, schaif, schaiff; shaav (through confluence with Norwegian skave)
References
edit- “shāven, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-07-09.
- Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
- Dutch terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Dutch/aːvən
- Rhymes:Dutch/aːvən/2 syllables
- Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch
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- enm:Hair
- enm:Surgery