Wiktionary

sens

See also: Sens, séns, and Sens.

English

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Noun

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sens

  1. plural of sen

Anagrams

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Afrikaans

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Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “from German?”)

Pronunciation

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  • Audio:(file)

Noun

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sens (plural sense)

  1. scythe
    Synonym: seis

Catalan

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Pronunciation

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Preposition

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sens

  1. Archaic form of sense (“without”).

Usage notes

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  • This preposition has been superseded in all dialects by the form sense. Sens is nowadays only used in poetry (for metrical reasons or for a deliberately archaizing effect), and in common set phrases: sens dubte (“without a doubt”) and sens falta (“without fail”).

Derived terms

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Further reading

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French

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Etymology 1

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Inherited from Middle French, from Old French sens, sen, san (“sense, reason, direction”), partly borrowed from Latin sēnsus (“sense, sensation, feeling, meaning”), from sentiō (“feel, perceive”); partly from Frankish *sinn (“sense, reason, mental faculty, way, direction”) (via Vulgar Latin *sennus), from Proto-West Germanic *sinn (“mind, meaning”), particularly in the sense of "direction". Both Latin and Germanic from Proto-Indo-European *sent- (“to feel”). Compare also French assener (“to thrust out”), forcené (“maniac”). More at send.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /sɑ̃s/
  • Audio; “le sens”:(file)
    • The preservation of final /s/ in this term is irregular, distinguishable from once homophonous sans. Formerly a pronunciation without this /s/ was possible, and is still found in the expressions sens dessus dessous and sens devant derrière.

Noun

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sens m (plural sens)

  1. meaning, sense
    Synonym: signification
    le sens ultime de la vie ― the ultimate meaning of life
    Les mots ont un sens. ― Words have meanings.
  2. sense, sensation
    Synonyms: perception, sensation
  3. sense, intelligence
    bon sens ― common sense
    Je préfère fréquenter ceux qui manquent de bon sens.
    I prefer to associate with people who lack common sense.
  4. direction of circulation
    voie à sens unique ― one-way street, one-way road
    en tous sens, dans tous les sens ― in all directions
Derived terms
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With this term at the beginning
With this term at the end
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Etymology 2

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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sens

  1. inflection of sentir:
    1. first/second-person singular indicative present
    2. second-person singular imperative

Further reading

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Latgalian

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Etymology

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From Proto-Balto-Slavic *senas. Cognates include Latvian sens and Lithuanian senas.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈsʲɛnt͡s]
  • Hyphenation: sens

Adjective

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sens

  1. ancient

Declension

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Indefinite declension of sens (type 1 adjective)
masculine feminine
singular plural singular plural
nominative sens seni sena senys, senas1)
genitive sena senu senys, senas1) senu
dative senam senim senai senom
accusative senu senus senu senys, senas1)
instrumental senu senim senu senom
locative senā senūs senā senuos
1) dialectal
Definite declension of sens (type 1 adjective)
masculine feminine
singular plural singular plural
nominative senais, senīs senī senuo senuos
genitive senuo senūs senuos senūs
dative senajam senajim senajai senajom
accusative senū senūs senū senuos
instrumental senū senajim senū senajom
locative senajā senajūs senajā senajuos

Derived terms

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References

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  • M. Bukšs, J. Placinskis (1973) Latgaļu volūdas gramatika un pareizraksteibas vōrdneica, Latgaļu izdevnīceiba, page 397

Latvian

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Etymology

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From Proto-Balto-Slavic *senas, from Proto-Indo-European *sénos (“old”). In Latvian, apparently only the adverbial form sen was conserved without interruption; in the first Latvian dictionaries, only vecs is consistently given as an adjective, whereas the occurrences of sens are few and dubious. Apparently the Latvian adjectival form of sen fell out of usage after Proto-Balto-Slavic times, and was recoined and successfully reintroduced only in the 19th century. Cognates include Lithuanian sẽnas (“old, ancient”), Sudovian sens (“old”), Old Irish sen, Gothic 𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌲𐍃 (sineigs) (< *sen-ei-), Sanskrit सन (sana, “old”), Ancient Greek ἕνος (hénos, “old, last year's”), Latin senex (“old in age, senior”).[1]

Adjective

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sens (definite senais, comparative senāks, superlative vissenākais, adverb sen)

  1. ancient, old, of long ago (many years, centuries, ages ago; the people of such times, their institutions, culture, etc.)
    seni laiki, tāla pagatne ― ancient times, distant past
    senā Grieķija ― ancient Greece
    senā Roma ― ancient Rome
    sens rokraksts ― ancient manuscript
    sena tradīcija ― ancient tradition
    sena valoda ― ancient language
    sens darbarīks ― ancient tool
    seni augi, dzīvnieki ― ancient plants, animals
    senie latvieši ― the ancient Latvians
    senie eģiptieši ― the ancient Egyptians
    sena cilts ― ancient tribe
  2. old (from relatively long ago; separated from the present by a (subjectively) significant amount of time)
    sena skolasbiedru draudzība ― an old schoolmate friendship
    sens paziņa ― an old acquaintance
    piedzīvojumu žanrs kinomākslā ir sens un pārbaudīts ― the adventure genre in film is old and tried

Declension

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indefinite declension (nenoteiktā galotne) of sens
masculine (vīriešu dzimte) feminine (sieviešu dzimte)
singular
(vienskaitlis) 		plural
(daudzskaitlis) 		singular
(vienskaitlis) 		plural
(daudzskaitlis)
nominative (nominatīvs) sens seni sena senas
accusative (akuzatīvs) senu senus senu senas
genitive (ģenitīvs) sena senu senas senu
dative (datīvs) senam seniem senai senām
instrumental (instrumentālis) senu seniem senu senām
locative (lokatīvs) senā senos senā senās
vocative (vokatīvs) — — — —

Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “sens”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca‎[1] (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN

Middle French

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Old French sens.

Noun

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sens m (plural sens)

  1. sense (method for a living being to gather data about the world)
  2. sense (ability to reason)

Descendants

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  • French: sens

Occitan

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Pronunciation

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Preposition

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sens

  1. (Gascony, Languedoc, Limousin) Alternative form of sense[1]

Noun

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sens m (plural sens)

  1. (Gascony, Languedoc) sense[2][3]

References

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  1. ^ Diccionari General de la Lenga Occitana, L’Academia occitana – Consistòri del Gai Saber, 2008-2024, page 556.
  2. ^ Patric Guilhemjoan, Diccionari elementari occitan-francés francés-occitan (gascon), 2005, Orthez, per noste, 2005, →ISBN, page 123.
  3. ^ Diccionari General de la Lenga Occitana, L’Academia occitana – Consistòri del Gai Saber, 2008-2024, page 556.
  • Patric Guilhemjoan, Diccionari elementari occitan-francés francés-occitan (gascon), 2005, Orthez, per noste, 2005, →ISBN,page 124.

Old French

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Partly borrowed from Latin sensus (“sense, sensation, feeling, meaning”), from sentiō (“feel, perceive”); partly (via Vulgar Latin *sennus) from Frankish *sinn (“sense, mental faculty, way, direction”). Both Latin and Germanic from Proto-Indo-European *sent- (“to feel”). More at sens.

Noun

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sens oblique singular, m (oblique plural sens, nominative singular sens, nominative plural sens)

  1. reason; ability to reason or think

Synonyms

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Descendants

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Old Irish

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Noun

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sens m

  1. Alternative spelling of séns: alternative form of síans

Mutation

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Mutation of sens
radical lenition nasalization
sens ṡens unchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Old Polish

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Etymology

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Learned borrowing from Latin sensus.[1][2] First attested in 1461–1467.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /sɛns/
  • IPA(key): (15th CE) /sɛns/

Noun

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sens m inan

  1. reason (ability to reason)
    • 1461-1467, Sermones. Rękopiśmienne ekscerpty pochodzące z rkpsu Archiwum i Biblioteki Krakowskiej Kapituły Katedralnej o sygn. 230 (dawna sygn. 1421/108 Mns) z roku 1461-1467, page 349r:
      In verbo proposito proponitur fides nostra quoad articulum resurectionis probata per sensum, doswyathczona przesz sens, rata per consensum
      [In verbo proposito proponitur fides nostra quoad articulum resurectionis probata per sensum, doświadczona przez sens, rata per consensum]

Descendants

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References

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  1. ^ Stanisław Dubisz, editor (2003), “sens”, in Uniwersalny słownik języka polskiego [Universal dictionary of the Polish language]‎[2] (in Polish), volumes 1-4, Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN SA, →ISBN
  2. ^ Witold Doroszewski, editor (1958–1969), “sens”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), Warszawa: PWN
  • B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “sens”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

Polish

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Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl

Etymology

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Inherited from Old Polish sens.

Pronunciation

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  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɛns
  • Syllabification: sens

Noun

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sens m inan

  1. sense (meaning, reason, or value of something)
    • 2019, “Po prostu ze mną bądź”, in Zakochaj się we mnie, performed by Poparzeni Kawą Trzy, track 4:
      Gdy wszystko traci sens,
      Świat działa jak na złość,
      Wiatr wieje, pada deszcz,
      I życia ma się dość.
      Gdy jest widoków brak i chce się tylko klnąć.
      Na skróty przejdź przez park, po prostu ze mną bądź.
      When everything loses meaning,
      The world acts as if out of spite,
      The wind blows, the rain falls,
      And life is too much.
      When there are no prospects and all you want to do is curse.
      Take a shortcut through the park, just be with me.
  2. point (purpose or objective, which makes something meaningful)
    Near-synonym: znaczenie
  3. (obsolete) thought; aphorism

Declension

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Declension of sens
singular plural
nominative sens sensy
genitive sensu sensów
dative sensowi sensom
accusative sens sensy
instrumental sensem sensami
locative sensie sensach
vocative sensie sensy

Derived terms

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adjectives
adverbs
particles
nouns

Trivia

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According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), sens is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 18 times in scientific texts, 1 time in news, 26 times in essays, 18 times in fiction, and 32 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 95 times, making it the 667th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]

References

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  1. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990) “sens”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 2, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 523

Further reading

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  • sens in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • sens in Polish dictionaries at PWN
  • Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “sens”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
  • “SENS”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 24.10.2008
  • Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “sens”, in Słownik języka polskiego
  • Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “sens”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
  • J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1915), “sens”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 6, Warsaw, page 65

Romanian

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Etymology

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Borrowed from French sens, Latin sensus.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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sens n (plural sensuri)

  1. sense, meaning
  2. reason, logic
  3. direction

Sudovian

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Etymology

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From Proto-Balto-Slavic *senas, from Proto-Indo-European *sénos. Compare Lithuanian sẽnas (“old”), Latvian sȩns (“ancient”); however, Latvian vȩcs (“old”), Old Prussian urs (“old”).[1][2]

Adjective

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ſenſ

  1. old
    Antonyms: iauniſ (“young”), nau (“new”)

References

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  1. ^ Zigmas Zinkevičius (1985) “Lenkų-jotvingių žodynėlis? [A Polish-Yotvingian dictionary?]”, in Baltistica, volume 21, number 1 (in Lithuanian), Vilnius: VU, →DOI, page 78: “ſenſ ‘senas, l. stary’ 171.”
  2. ^ “sẽnas” in Hock et al., Altlitauisches etymologisches Wörterbuch 2.0 (online, 2020–): “nar. ſenſ adj. ‘alt’”.
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