strugure

Romanian

Alternative forms

strugur — informal, northern
strugar — rare
strug — Moldova (country)

Etymology

Origin uncertain. Many theories have been proposed. Possibly a singularised plural of strug (now a regional term found in Bessarabia), which may be related to strung (“lathe”), strunji or the verb struji (“to clean feathers, branches, cobs of corn, etc.; to shave or scrape off; to chisel”), a regionalism of Slavic origin, possibly borrowed from Middle Bulgarian стръжити (strŭžiti), стругати (strugati) (whence Bulgarian стръга́ (strǎgá), стръжа́ (strǎžá, “to flake off, chip off; rub”).^[1] For the semantic development, compare: Spanish raspa (“bunch of grapes”), from the verb raspar (“scrape; file or sand down”). Alternatively, strug may be borrowed from Ancient Greek τρύγος (trúgos), τρυγή (trugḗ, “vine harvest”).^[2] Other less likely etymologies include a Latin *stribulus or *strubulus, a Gepid thrubilo or struwilo, corresponding to German Träubel (“grape hyacinth”),^[3] or a substratum origin (although the word doesn't seem to have an Albanian or other Balkan equivalent).^[4] Replaced Old Romanian auă, from Latin uva.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈst̪ɾu.ɡu.ɾe/

Noun

strugure m (plural struguri)

grape
Synonym: (obsolete) auă

Vinul se obține din struguri.
Wine is made from grapes.
(regional or obsolete) bunch, cluster (of grapes or otherwise)
Synonyms: ciorchine, scălan

Declension

	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
	singular		plural
nominative-accusative	strugure	strugurele	struguri	strugurii
genitive-dative	strugure	strugurelui	struguri	strugurilor
vocative	strugure		strugurilor

Derived terms

References

^ Cihac, Alexandru (1879) Dictionnaire d’étymologie daco-romane: éléments slaves, magyars, turcs, grecs-moderne et albanais (in French), volume 2, Frankfurt: Ludolphe St-Goar, pages 375–6.
^ Tiktin, Hariton (1903-1925) Rumänisch-Deutsches Wörterbuch, 1st edition, Bucharest: Staatsdruckerei.
^ Diculescu, C. (1921) “Altgermanische Bestandteile im Rumänischen”, in Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie, volume 41, number 2, page 424; Gamillscheg, Ernst ((Can we date this quote?)) Romania Germanica, volume ? of 3, Berlin, published 1934–6, page 266.
^ Alexandru Ciorănescu, Diccionario etimológico rumano, s.v “strugure” (La Laguna, Tenerife: Biblioteca Filológica, Universidad de la Laguna, 1958–1966).