sustento

See also: sustentó

Catalan

Verb

sustento

1. first-person singular present indicative of sustentar

Latin

Etymology

Frequentative verb of sustineō.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /susˈten.toː/, [s̠ʊs̠ˈt̪ɛn̪t̪oː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /susˈten.to/, [susˈt̪ɛn̪t̪o]

Verb

sustentō (present infinitive sustentāre, perfect active sustentāvī, supine sustentātum); first conjugation

1. to uphold, support, prop or sustain, maintain

   Synonyms: subsistō, sufferō, sustineō, teneō

   • c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico VII.17:

     Extremam famem sustentarent

     They sustained the extreme hunger

2. to maintain or preserve by food, money, or other means

   Synonyms: nūtriō, sagīnō, alō, pāscō, pāscor, foveō

3. to keep in check, hold back, restrain

   Synonyms: inclūdō, interclūdō, intersaepiō, obstō, refrēnō, impediō, perimō, officiō, saepiō, coerceō, premō, reprimō, comprimō

   Antonyms: līberō, eximō, absolvō, excipiō, exonerō, ēmittō

4. to bear, endure or hold out, suffer

   Synonyms: tolerō, patiō, sufferō, subeō, perferō, perpetior, recipiō, accipiō, sinō, ferō, dūrō, sustineō

5. to put off, defer, delay

   Synonyms: retardō, moror, cūnctor, tardō, trahō, dubitō, extrahō

   Antonyms: ruō, accurrō, currō, festīnō, prōvolō, properō, corripiō, mātūrō

Conjugation

   Conjugation of sustentō (first conjugation)

indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	sustentō	sustentās	sustentat	sustentāmus	sustentātis	sustentant
	imperfect	sustentābam	sustentābās	sustentābat	sustentābāmus	sustentābātis	sustentābant
	future	sustentābō	sustentābis	sustentābit	sustentābimus	sustentābitis	sustentābunt
	perfect	sustentāvī	sustentāvistī	sustentāvit	sustentāvimus	sustentāvistis	sustentāvērunt, sustentāvēre
	pluperfect	sustentāveram	sustentāverās	sustentāverat	sustentāverāmus	sustentāverātis	sustentāverant
	future perfect	sustentāverō	sustentāveris	sustentāverit	sustentāverimus	sustentāveritis	sustentāverint
passive	present	sustentor	sustentāris, sustentāre	sustentātur	sustentāmur	sustentāminī	sustentantur
	imperfect	sustentābar	sustentābāris, sustentābāre	sustentābātur	sustentābāmur	sustentābāminī	sustentābantur
	future	sustentābor	sustentāberis, sustentābere	sustentābitur	sustentābimur	sustentābiminī	sustentābuntur
	perfect	sustentātus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	sustentātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	sustentātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	sustentem	sustentēs	sustentet	sustentēmus	sustentētis	sustentent
	imperfect	sustentārem	sustentārēs	sustentāret	sustentārēmus	sustentārētis	sustentārent
	perfect	sustentāverim	sustentāverīs	sustentāverit	sustentāverīmus	sustentāverītis	sustentāverint
	pluperfect	sustentāvissem	sustentāvissēs	sustentāvisset	sustentāvissēmus	sustentāvissētis	sustentāvissent
passive	present	sustenter	sustentēris, sustentēre	sustentētur	sustentēmur	sustentēminī	sustententur
	imperfect	sustentārer	sustentārēris, sustentārēre	sustentārētur	sustentārēmur	sustentārēminī	sustentārentur
	perfect	sustentātus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	sustentātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	sustentā	—	—	sustentāte	—
	future	—	sustentātō	sustentātō	—	sustentātōte	sustentantō
passive	present	—	sustentāre	—	—	sustentāminī	—
	future	—	sustentātor	sustentātor	—	—	sustentantor
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		sustentāre	sustentāvisse	sustentātūrum esse	sustentārī	sustentātum esse	sustentātum īrī
participles		sustentāns	—	sustentātūrus	—	sustentātus	sustentandus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		sustentandī	sustentandō	sustentandum	sustentandō	sustentātum	sustentātū

Derived terms

• sustentāculum
• sustentātiō

Descendants

• French: sustenter
• Italian: sostentare
• Portuguese: sustentar
• Spanish: sustentar

References

• “sustento”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “sustento”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• sustento in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to endure the pangs of hunger: famem tolerare, sustentare
    
  • to earn a precarious livelihood: vitam inopem sustentare, tolerare
    

Portuguese

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /susˈtẽ.tu/

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /susˈtẽ.tu/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /suʃˈtẽ.tu/
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /susˈtẽ.to/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /suʃˈtẽ.tu/

• Hyphenation: sus‧ten‧to

Etymology 1

Deverbal from sustentar.

Noun

sustento m (plural sustentos)

1. sustenance, support

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

sustento

1. first-person singular present indicative of sustentar

Further reading

• “sustento”, in iDicionário Aulete (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2025
• “sustento”, in Dicionário inFormal (in Portuguese), 2006–2025
• “sustento” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913
• “sustento”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025
• “sustento”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2025
• “sustento”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /susˈtento/ [susˈt̪ẽn̪.t̪o]
• Rhymes: -ento
• Syllabification: sus‧ten‧to

Etymology 1

Deverbal from sustentar.

Noun

sustento m (plural sustentos)

1. sustenance
2. person's livelihood
3. support, help

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

sustento

1. first-person singular present indicative of sustentar

Further reading

• “sustento”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

Tagalog

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish sustento.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /susˈtento/ [sʊsˈt̪ɛn̪.t̪o]
• Rhymes: -ento
• Syllabification: sus‧ten‧to

Noun

sustento (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜓᜐ᜔ᜆᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜓ)

1. alimony; support

   Synonym: suporta

2. provision of sustenance or support

   Synonyms: pagsustento, pagsusustento

Derived terms

• magsustento
• pagsustento
• pagsusustento
• sumustento
• sustentuhan

 

Further reading

• “sustento”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018