syndrome

See also: Syndrome

English

Etymology

Learned borrowing from New Latin syndrome, from Ancient Greek συνδρομή (sundromḗ, “concurrence of symptoms, concourse”), from σύνδρομος (súndromos, “running together”), from συν- (sun-, “with”) + δρόμος (drómos, “running, course”).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈsɪndɹəʊm/, /-dɹəm/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• (General American) IPA^(key): / ˈsin-ˌdrōm/, IPA^(key): /ˈsɪndɹoʊm/, /-dɹəm/
• Hyphenation: syn‧drome

Noun

syndrome (plural syndromes)

2. (pathology) A recognizable pattern of signs, symptoms and/or behaviours, especially of a disease or medical or psychological condition.

   Down syndrome; acquired immune deficiency syndrome; restless-leg syndrome; battered-wife syndrome

   • 2013 May-June, Katie L. Burke, “In the News”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 3, page 193:

     Bats host many high-profile viruses that can infect humans, including severe acute respiratory syndrome and Ebola. A recent study explored the ecological variables that may contribute to bats’ propensity to harbor such zoonotic diseases by comparing them with another order of common reservoir hosts: rodents.

3. Any set of characteristics regarded as identifying a certain type, condition, etc., usually adverse.

   not-in-my-backyard syndrome; tip-of-the-tongue syndrome

   • 1980 August 9, John D'Emilio, “There's No Place Like Home”, in Gay Community News, page 8:

     My roommate, Tony, and I were sitting in our living room on a Saturday afternoon trying to decide what to do that night. You know the syndrome: Saturday night when everyone is supposed to do something exciting and have a great time. If you don't, you're likely to wake up on Sunday morning feeling weird and lonely.

   • 1989 November 3, “Jimmy Carson Comes Home; He's a Redwing”, in The Argus-Press (Owesso, Michigan)‎^{[news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1988&dat=19891103&id...sjid...pg...]}:

     Fledgling superstar Jimmy Carson couldn't bear another day in Edmonton living in the void created by the departure of Wayne Gretzky, whose brokenhearted fans never accepted his replacement. It was very difficult for me to play in Edmonton in the whole Gretzky syndrome," Carson said Thurs day after a six-player trade ...

   • 2012, Steven D. Price, Excuses for All Occasions: Alibis Apologies and Cop-Outs That Can Get You Out of (or Into) Trouble‎^[1]:

     Speaking of medicine, rationalizers seem to enjoy latching on health excuses. Syndromes are a fertile field. Let's say you're accused of being unable to accept responsibility or otherwise behaving like an adult. That's not your fault, you counter—you suffer from Peter Pan Syndrome. Can't get around to cleaning up your room or office cubicle? Of course not—you suffer from tertiary Bag Lady Syndrome.

Hypernyms

• 13q deletion syndrome
• 1p36 deletion syndrome
• 2q37 deletion syndrome
• 9q34 deletion syndrome
• Aarskog-Scott syndrome
• Abdallat-Davis-Farrage syndrome
• Abderhalden-Kaufmann-Lignac syndrome
• Achenbach's syndrome
• Achenbach syndrome
• Ackerman syndrome
• acquired immune deficiency syndrome
• acro-dermato-ungual-lacrimal-tooth syndrome
• acute respiratory distress syndrome
• acute retroviral syndrome
• Adams-Nance syndrome
• adult respiratory distress syndrome
• ADULT syndrome
• alpha-gal syndrome
• alpha-thalassemia-intellectual disability syndrome
• Alport syndrome
• Andermann syndrome
• Antley-Bixler syndrome
• aortocaval compression syndrome
• army ant syndrome
• Asherman's syndrome
• Asperger syndrome
• ATR-16 syndrome
• Austrian syndrome
• Avellis syndrome
• Axenfeld syndrome
• Ayazi syndrome
• baby duck syndrome
• Baggio–Yoshinari syndrome
• balloon syndrome
• Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba syndrome
• Basedow's syndrome
• battered child syndrome
• battered person syndrome
• battered woman syndrome
• Beare-Stevenson cutis gyrata syndrome
• Behçet's syndrome
• Bernhardt-Roth syndrome
• berserk llama syndrome
• Bilginturan syndrome
• Bloom syndrome
• Bloom-Torre-Machacek syndrome
• blue diaper syndrome
• Boerhaave syndrome
• Bohring-Opitz syndrome
• Bouveret-Hoffmann syndrome
• broken-heart syndrome
• Brown-Séquard syndrome
• Brown syndrome
• Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome
• bubble baby syndrome
• burning feet syndrome
• burning tongue syndrome
• canine epileptoid cramping syndrome
• Cantú syndrome
• cardiac syndrome X
• Carey Fineman Ziter syndrome
• Carpenter syndrome
• Carvajal syndrome
• cerebral salt-wasting syndrome
• CHAPLE syndrome
• Cheadle-Möller-Barlow syndrome
• chemosyndrome
• Chernobyl syndrome
• Chiari-Frommel syndrome
• CHILD syndrome
• China syndrome
• Christian syndrome
• chronic COVID syndrome
• chronic fatigue syndrome
• Columbine syndrome
• constriction ring syndrome
• Cooks syndrome
• Costen's syndrome
• Cowden syndrome
• cracked tooth syndrome
• crowned dens syndrome
• Danbolt-Closs syndrome
• deer in the headlight syndrome
• de la Chapelle syndrome
• Derangement Syndrome
• derangement syndrome
• descending perineum syndrome
• Desert Storm syndrome
• diabetic stiff hand syndrome
• Diogenes syndrome
• disconnection syndrome
• domestication syndrome
• Doose syndrome
• Down syndrome
• Down syndrome regression disorder
• Dressler syndrome
• Dubowitz syndrome
• dummy foal syndrome
• Dunning-Kruger syndrome
• Dutch-Kentucky syndrome
• economy class syndrome
• Edwards syndrome
• Eisenmenger's syndrome
• Ekbom's syndrome
• Ekiri syndrome
• Elejalde syndrome
• empty nest syndrome
• empty nose syndrome
• episodic dyscontrol syndrome
• euthyroid sick syndrome
• Everest syndrome
• false memory syndrome
• Fashoda syndrome
• fetal alcohol syndrome
• Finlay-Marks syndrome
• fish acute toxicity syndrome
• Foix-Chavany-Marie syndrome
• foreign accent syndrome
• Fountain syndrome
• Fowler's syndrome
• Franceschetti-Klein syndrome
• full-nest syndrome
• full nest syndrome
• GAPO syndrome
• Gardner's syndrome
• Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker syndrome
• Goldberg-Shprintzen syndrome
• Good's syndrome
• Gorlin's syndrome
• Gouverneur's syndrome
• green nail syndrome
• Greither syndrome
• Griscelli syndrome
• Guillain-Barré syndrome
• Halal syndrome
• Hallervorden-Spatz syndrome
• hand-arm vibration syndrome
• hand-foot-genital syndrome
• Handigodu syndrome
• Harry Benjamin syndrome
• Havana syndrome
• Heerfordt-Mylius syndrome
• Heerfordt-Waldenström syndrome
• Helsinki syndrome
• hemisyndrome
• Hennekam syndrome
• Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome
• Horton's syndrome
• Hunter-Russell syndrome
• Hunter syndrome
• Huntington's disease-like syndrome
• Huriez syndrome
• Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome
• Hutchinson–Gilford syndrome
• imaginary lat syndrome
• impostor syndrome
• institutional syndrome
• Irlen syndrome
• irritable bowel syndrome
• irritable male syndrome
• island syndrome
• jabs and jolts syndrome
• Jackson-Weiss syndrome
• Jacod syndrome
• Janz syndrome
• Jeavons syndrome
• Jerusalem syndrome
• Juberg-Hellman syndrome
• kabuki makeup syndrome
• kabuki syndrome
• Kallmann syndrome
• Kanner's syndrome
• Kanner syndrome
• Kartagener's syndrome
• Kartagener syndrome
• Kearns-Sayre syndrome
• Kelley-Seegmiller syndrome
• Kindler syndrome
• Kleine-Levin syndrome
• Klein-Waardenburg syndrome
• Klinefelter's syndrome
• Klingsor syndrome
• Klippel-Trénaunay syndrome
• Korsakoff's syndrome
• Landau-Kleffner syndrome
• leaky brain syndrome
• leaning toothpick syndrome
• Legg-Calvé-Perthes syndrome
• lethal congenital contracture syndrome
• Lima syndrome
• limber tail syndrome
• limb-mammary syndrome
• Lobstein syndrome
• locomotive syndrome
• Löffler's syndrome
• long QT syndrome
• lucky girl syndrome
• lung-digit syndrome
• lymph node syndrome
• M74 syndrome
• MAGIC syndrome
• main-character syndrome
• Mallory-Weiss syndrome
• MDP syndrome
• mean world syndrome
• meeting recovery syndrome
• megasyndrome
• memory distrust syndrome
• Mendelson's syndrome
• MERRF syndrome
• metabolic syndrome
• middle-child syndrome
• middle child syndrome
• Milwaukee shoulder syndrome
• missing white girl syndrome
• missing white woman syndrome
• Mount Everest syndrome
• Mt. Everest syndrome
• mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome
• Muenke syndrome
• multiple evanescent white dot syndrome
• Münchausen syndrome
• Mungan syndrome
• musical ear syndrome
• myorenal syndrome
• Nakajo syndrome
• needle-in-the-eye syndrome
• neural crest syndrome
• Niikawa-Kuroki syndrome
• Ochoa syndrome
• one and a half syndrome
• oral allergy syndrome
• organic dust toxic syndrome
• Oslo syndrome
• pace-of-life syndrome
• Pallister-Killian syndrome
• Pallister mosaic aneuploidy syndrome
• Panayiotopoulos syndrome
• paper qualification syndrome
• parental alienation syndrome
• Parinaud's oculoglandular syndrome
• Paris syndrome
• Parkinson-plus syndrome
• Parkinson's syndrome
• Pascual-Castroviejo syndrome type 1
• Patau syndrome
• Paterson-Brown-Kelly syndrome
• peeling skin syndrome
• PEHO syndrome
• pervasive arousal withdrawal syndrome
• Peter Pan syndrome
• pigment dispersion syndrome
• pink cloud syndrome
• Pinkerton syndrome
• Pitt-Hopkins syndrome
• polycystic ovary syndrome
• porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome
• porcine stress syndrome
• pork-cat syndrome
• post-concussive syndrome
• postconcussive syndrome
• post-COVID-19 syndrome
• post-COVID syndrome
• post-finasteride syndrome
• post-micturition convulsion syndrome
• postpericardiotomy syndrome
• post-phlebitic syndrome
• postphlebitic syndrome
• post-SSRI syndrome
• postthrombophlebitic syndrome
• postthrombotic syndrome
• post-traumatic stress syndrome
• post-viral fatigue syndrome
• preacher's kid syndrome
• premenstrual syndrome
• Proteus syndrome
• psychosyndrome
• Puerto Rican infant hypotonia syndrome
• Qazi-Markouizos syndrome
• quadrilateral space syndrome
• queen bee syndrome
• Queequeg syndrome
• rage syndrome
• red man syndrome
• red neck syndrome
• Renfield syndrome
• resignation syndrome
• restless legs syndrome
• retired husband syndrome
• Rett syndrome
• revolving door syndrome
• Reye's syndrome
• RIDDLE syndrome
• Rombo syndrome
• Rubinstein syndrome
• Saethre-Chotzen syndrome
• salt water aspiration syndrome
• Satoyoshi syndrome
• savant syndrome
• scalp-ear-nipple syndrome
• Schimmelpenning syndrome
• scimitar syndrome
• seat belt syndrome
• second-impact syndrome
• serotonin syndrome
• severe acute respiratory syndrome
• Shah-Waardenburg syndrome
• shell nail syndrome
• shifting baseline syndrome
• short bowel syndrome
• shoulder impingement syndrome
• Shprintzen-Goldberg syndrome
• sick building syndrome
• sick office syndrome
• silent forest syndrome
• skeeter syndrome
• skin fragility syndrome
• Skoptic syndrome
• small man syndrome
• smoking stool syndrome
• snapping hip syndrome
• snapping scapula syndrome
• space adaptation syndrome
• spider lamb syndrome
• spider syndrome
• Stauffer syndrome
• sticky platelet syndrome
• sticky skin syndrome
• stiff man syndrome
• stiff-person syndrome
• stiff skin syndrome
• Stockholm syndrome
• student syndrome
• subsyndrome
• sudden infant death syndrome
• sudden sniffing death syndrome
• sudden unexplained nocturnal death syndrome
• sundowner syndrome
• superior mesenteric artery syndrome
• supine hypotensive syndrome
• talk and die syndrome
• tall poppy syndrome
• thoracic insufficiency syndrome
• Tolosa-Hunt syndrome
• Tourette syndrome
• toxic shock syndrome
• toxidrome
• tree man syndrome
• trismus pseudocamptodactyly syndrome
• true believer syndrome
• Truman syndrome
• tube feeding syndrome
• Turner's syndrome
• twiddler's syndrome
• Unna-Thost syndrome
• upper airway cough syndrome
• Upshaw-Schulman syndrome
• vanishing bile duct syndrome
• Vietnam syndrome
• vitreous touch syndrome
• Waardenburg-Klein syndrome
• Waardenburg-Shah syndrome
• Watson syndrome
• Werner's syndrome
• Westerhof syndrome
• WHIM syndrome
• white coat syndrome
• white spot syndrome
• Wiedemann-Steiner syndrome
• wild man syndrome
• Williams syndrome
• withering abalone syndrome
• Wittmaack-Ekbom syndrome
• Woodhouse-Sakati syndrome
• wrinkly skin syndrome
• Xia-Gibbs syndrome
• Yemenite deaf-blind hypopigmentation syndrome
• Zechi-Ceide syndrome
• Zieve's syndrome
• Zimmermann-Laband syndrome
• Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
• Zori-Stalker-Williams syndrome

 

Derived terms

• syndromal
• syndromed
• syndrome X
• syndromic
• syndromics

 

Translations

recognizable pattern of symptoms or behaviours

• Arabic: مُتَلَازِمَة f (mutalāzima), أَعْرَاض m (ʔaʕrāḍ)

  Egyptian Arabic: لازمة f (lázma), سيندروم m (sind(e)rōm)

• Armenian: համախտանիշ (hy) (hamaxtaniš)
• Asturian: síndrome m
• Azerbaijani: sindrom
• Belarusian: сіндро́м m (sindróm)
• Bulgarian: синдром m (sindrom)
• Catalan: síndrome (ca) f
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 症候群 (zh) (zhènghòuqún), 綜合徵 / 综合征 (zh) (zònghézhēng), 綜合症 / 综合症 (zh) (zònghézhèng)

• Czech: syndrom (cs) m
• Danish: syndrom (da) n
• Dutch: syndroom (nl) n
• Esperanto: sindromo
• Finnish: oireyhtymä (fi), syndrooma (fi)
• French: syndrome (fr) m
• Georgian: სინდრომი (sindromi)
• German: Syndrom (de) n
• Greek: σύνδρομο (el) n (sýndromo)
• Hungarian: szindróma (hu), tünetegyüttes (hu), tünetcsoport (hu)
• Indonesian: sindrom (id)
• Irish: siondróm m
• Italian: sindrome (it) f
• Japanese: 症候群 (ja) (しょうこうぐん, shōkōgun), シンドローム (ja) (shindorōmu)
• Kazakh: синдром (sindrom), нышанат (nyşanat)
• Korean: 증후군(症候群) (ko) (jeunghugun)
• Lithuanian: sindromas m
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: syndrom n

  Nynorsk: syndrom n

• Persian: سندرم (fa), نشانگان (fa) (nešāngān)
• Polish: zespół (pl), syndrom (pl) m
• Portuguese: síndrome (pt) (masc. in pt-pt, fem. in pt-br), síndroma (pt) m (used in pt-pt only)
• Russian: синдро́м (ru) m (sindróm)
• Samogitian: sėndruoms m
• Serbo-Croatian: sìndrōm (sh) m
• Sinhalese: සහලක්ෂණය (si) (sahalakṣaṇaya)
• Spanish: síndrome (es) m
• Swedish: syndrom (sv) n
• Thai: กลุ่มอาการ (glùm-aa-gaan)
• Turkish: sendrom (tr)
• Ukrainian: синдро́м m (syndróm)
• Vietnamese: hội chứng (vi) (會症)

set of characteristics

• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 典型特徵 / 典型特征 (diǎnxíng tèzhēng)

• Finnish: ilmiö (fi), oireisto (fi)
• Polish: syndrom (pl) m
• Portuguese: please add this translation if you can

References

• syndrome on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• “syndrome”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
• “syndrome”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.

French

Etymology

Learned borrowing from New Latin syndrome, from Ancient Greek συνδρομή (sundromḗ).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sɛ̃.dʁom/, (allowed by some authorities) /sɛ̃.dʁɔm/

• Audio (Paris):

  (file)

Noun

syndrome m (plural syndromes)

1. syndrome

Derived terms

• syndrome de Gilles de La Tourette
• syndrome de la page blanche
• syndrome de Paris
• syndrome de Stein-Leventhal
• syndrome de Stevens-Johnson
• syndrome du cœur brisé
• syndrome du cri du chat
• syndrome d’Asperger
• syndrome d’immunodéficience acquise
• syndrome prémenstruel

 

Further reading

• “syndrome”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Interlingua

Noun

syndrome (plural syndromes)

1. syndrome