targumannum

Akkadian

Root
r-g-m
2 terms

Etymology

Unknown. It could be either a borrowing from another unattested language or a derivation from the verb 𒅗𒂷𒂷 (ragāmum, “to exclame, shout to”).

Pronunciation

• (Old Babylonian) IPA^(key): /tar.ɡuˈman.num/

Noun

targumannum m (from Old Akkadian on)

1.  interpreter, dragoman

Alternative forms

• targumannu (non-mimated)
• turgumannum, targamannum

Cuneiform spellings

Logograms	Phonetic
𒅴𒁄 (EME.BAL) (Old Akkadian, Ur III)	𒋫𒅈𒆪𒈠𒉡𒌝 (ta-ar-gu₅-ma-nu-um) 𒌅𒌨𒄖𒈠𒀭𒉏 (tu-ur-gu-ma-an-num) 𒋻𒄖𒈠𒀭𒉡 (tar-gu-ma-an-nu) 𒋻𒄖𒈠𒉡 (tar-gu-ma-nu) 𒌉𒄖𒈠𒉡 (tur-gu-ma-nu)

Descendants

• → Classical Syriac: ܬܰܪܓܡܳܢܳܐ (targmānā)
  • → Arabic: تُرْجُمَان (turjumān)
    • Maltese: turċman
    • → Hellenic: δραγομάνος
      • → Medieval Latin: dragumannus, drogamundus, turcimannus, turchemannus
        • Old French: dragoman, droguement, drogeman, drogman, drugeman, drugemant, trucheman
          • → Catalan: drogman
          • French: dragoman, truchement
            • → Bulgarian: драгоман (dragoman)
            • → Czech: dragoman
            • → Polish: dragoman
            • → Russian: драгоман (dragoman)
            • → Serbo-Croatian: dragòmān
          • → Middle English: dragman, drogeman, drugeman
            • English: dragoman, truchman, truch-man, trouchman, truceman, trudgeman
          • → Middle High German: tragemunt, trougemunt
            • German: Dragoman, Trutzelmann, Trutschelmann
      • → Italian: dragomanno, turcimanno
    • → Classical Persian: ترجمان (tarjumān)
      • → Hindi: तर्जुमान (tarjumān)
      • → Urdu: ترجمان (tarjumān)
    • → Spanish: dragomán, truchimán, trujimán, o trujamán
    • → Azerbaijani: tərcüman
    • → Ottoman Turkish: ترجمان
      • Turkish: tercüman
      • Crimean Tatar: terciman, терджиман
      • → Georgian: თარჯიმანი (tarǯimani)
      • → Romanian: tergiman
    • → Uyghur: تەرجىمان (terjiman)
    • → Uzbek: tarjimon
  • → Old Armenian: թարգման (tʻargman)
    • Armenian: թարգման (tʻargman)
    • → Old Georgian: თარგმანი (targmani)
  • → Biblical Hebrew: תֻּרְגְּמָן (turgəmɔ́n)

References

• “targumannu”, in The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago (CAD)‎^[1], Chicago: University of Chicago Oriental Institute, 1956–2011
• Black, Jeremy, George, Andrew, Postgate, Nicholas (2000) “targumannu(m)”, in A Concise Dictionary of Akkadian, 2nd corrected edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz Verlag