tibia

See also: tíbia

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin tībia (“shin bone, leg”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtɪbiə/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɪbiə

Noun

tibia (plural tibias or tibiae)

1. (anatomy) The inner and usually the larger of the two bones of the leg or hind limb below the knee, the shinbone
2. (entomology) The second segment from the end of an insect's leg, between the femur and tarsus.
3. (arachnology) The third segment from the end of an arachnid's leg, between the patella and metatarsus.
4. A musical instrument of the flute kind, originally made of the leg bone of an animal.
   • 1975, Francis M. Collinson, The bagpipe: the history of a musical instrument, page 188:

     The musician on the left is playing the zampogna, a bagpipe with two chanters and two drones. The zampogna is thought to be the bag-provided descendant of the ancient mouth-blown divergent pipes of the Romans, known as the tibia.

Synonyms

The terms below need to be checked and allocated to the definitions (senses) of the headword above. Each term should appear in the sense for which it is appropriate. For synonyms and antonyms you may use the templates {{syn|en|...}} or {{ant|en|...}}.

• bone flute
• shin
• shinbone, shin bone

Derived terms

• tibia vara
• tibial

Translations

bone of the leg — see shinbone

segment of insect's leg — see shinbone

type of ancient flute

• German: Tibia f

References

• “tibia”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

Basque

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish tibia.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tibia/ [t̪i.β̞i.a]
• Rhymes: -ia
• Hyphenation: ti‧bi‧a

Noun

tibia inan

1. shin, shinbone

Declension

Declension of tibia (inanimate, ending in -a)

	indefinite	singular	plural
absolutive	tibia	tibia	tibiak
ergative	tibiak	tibiak	tibiek
dative	tibiari	tibiari	tibiei
genitive	tibiaren	tibiaren	tibien
comitative	tibiarekin	tibiarekin	tibiekin
causative	tibiarengatik	tibiarengatik	tibiengatik
benefactive	tibiarentzat	tibiarentzat	tibientzat
instrumental	tibiaz	tibiaz	tibiez
inessive	tibiatan	tibian	tibietan
locative	tibiatako	tibiako	tibietako
allative	tibiatara	tibiara	tibietara
terminative	tibiataraino	tibiaraino	tibietaraino
directive	tibiatarantz	tibiarantz	tibietarantz
destinative	tibiatarako	tibiarako	tibietarako
ablative	tibiatatik	tibiatik	tibietatik
partitive	tibiarik	—	—
prolative	tibiatzat	—	—

Further reading

• “tibia”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy], Euskaltzaindia

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin tībia. Compare the inherited doublet tige.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ti.bja/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

tibia m (plural tibias)

1. shin
2. tibia, shinbone

Derived terms

• protège-tibia

Further reading

• “tibia”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Galician

Etymology

Attested since 1409 (tiva). Learned borrowing from Latin tībia.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈtiβjɐ]

Noun

tibia f (plural tibias)

1. (anatomy) tibia, shinbone
2. (archaic) shin
   • 1409, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 97:

     nota que a dita enfirmidade non enpeeçe aos potros mais prestalles porque daqesto engrosam as tiuas por llos homores que se uoluen aas coixas

     note that this sickness is not detrimental for the foals, but it benefits them because the shins swell because of the humors that return to the thighs

References

• Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “tiua”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “tibia”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega

Italian

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin tībia.

Noun

tibia f (plural tibie)

1. (anatomy, zoology) tibia, shinbone
2. (music) an early wind instrument

Derived terms

• tibiale

Anagrams

• abiti, baiti

Latin

Etymology

Meaning may have evolved from "stalk, reed pipe" to shinbone, the latter being used by Pliny and later authors; flutes were originally made from shinbones. Possibly connected to Ancient Greek σίφων (síphōn, “siphon, tube”), the irregular forms suggesting a non-Indo-European loan or substrate source, perhaps in *twi-. There are no solid IE cognates outside of the Greek word.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈtiː.bi.a/, [ˈt̪iːbiä]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈti.bi.a/, [ˈt̪iːbiä]

Noun

tībia f (genitive tībiae); first declension

1. (anatomy) the large shin bone, tibia; leg
2. (figuratively) a pipe, flute (originally of bone)

Declension

First-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	tībia	tībiae
genitive	tībiae	tībiārum
dative	tībiae	tībiīs
accusative	tībiam	tībiās
ablative	tībiā	tībiīs
vocative	tībia	tībiae

Derived terms

• tībiālis
• tībiārius
• tībīcen
• tībinus

 

Related terms

• tībīcina
• tībīcinium
• tībīcinō

 

Descendants

• French: tige
  • → Catalan: tija
• Piedmontese: tija
• Borrowings:
  • → Catalan: tíbia
  • → English: tibia
  • → French: tibia
  • → Italian: tibia
  • → Polish: tibia
  • → Portuguese: tíbia
  • → Romanian: tibia
  • → Spanish: tibia

Further reading

• “tibia”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “tibia”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• tibia in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• tibia in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • instrumental music: nervorum et tibiarum cantus
    
  • to play the flute: tibias inflare
    
  • to play the flute: tibiis or tibiā canere
    
  • to sing to a flute accompaniment: ad tibiam or ad tibicinem canere
    
• “tibia”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “tibia”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French, Latin tībia.

Noun

tibia f (plural tibii)

1. tibia, shinbone

   Synonym: (popular) fluier

Declension

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtibja/ [ˈt̪i.β̞ja]
• Rhymes: -ibja
• Syllabification: ti‧bia

Etymology 1

From Latin tepida.

Adjective

tibia

1. feminine singular of tibio

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Latin tibia.

Noun

tibia f (plural tibias)

1. (anatomy) tibia, shinbone

Related terms

• peroné
• ulna

 

Further reading

• “tibia”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2023 November 28